Behavior and Cognition

2008 ◽  
pp. 427-454
Keyword(s):  
Behavior And Cognition

Individual differences and academic success: A multivariate model of affect, behavior, and cognition

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Ferrell ◽  
Elliot M. Tucker-Drob ◽  
Samuel D. Gosling ◽  
James W. Pennebaker
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Multivariate Model ◽  
Behavior And Cognition

Response to Steroids in IQSEC2-Related Encephalopathy Presenting with Rett-Like Phenotype and Infantile Spasms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Nagabushana ◽  
Aparajita Chatterjee ◽  
Raghavendra Kenchaiah ◽  
Ajay Asranna ◽  
Gautham Arunachal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Epileptic Encephalopathy ◽  
Infantile Spasms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Motor Milestone ◽  
Behavior And Cognition ◽  
Atypical Rett Syndrome

Abstract Introduction IQSEC2-related encephalopathy is an X-linked childhood neurodevelopmental disorder with intellectual disability, epilepsy, and autism. This disorder is caused by a mutation in the IQSEC2 gene, the product of which plays an important role in the development of the central nervous system. Case Report We describe the symptomatology, clinical course, and management of a 17-month-old male child with a novel IQSEC2 mutation. He presented with an atypical Rett syndrome phenotype with developmental delay, autistic features, midline stereotypies, microcephaly, hypotonia and epilepsy with multiple seizure types including late-onset infantile spasms. Spasms were followed by worsening of behavior and cognition, and regression of acquired milestones. Treatment with steroids led to control of spasms and improved attention, behavior and recovery of lost motor milestone. In the past 10 months following steroid therapy, child lags in development, remains autistic with no further seizure recurrence. Conclusion IQSEC2-related encephalopathy may present with atypical Rett phenotype and childhood spasms. In resource-limited settings, steroids may be considered for spasm remission in IQSEC2-related epileptic encephalopathy.

scholarly journals Early-adolescent antibiotic exposure results in mitochondrial and behavioral deficits in adult male mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk C. Tengeler ◽  
Tim L. Emmerzaal ◽  
Bram Geenen ◽  
Vivienne Verweij ◽  
Miranda van Bodegom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Mitochondrial Complex ◽  
Mitochondrial Translation ◽  
Behavioral Screening ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Complex Iv ◽  
Marble Burying ◽  
Behavior And Cognition

AbstractExposure to antibiotic treatment has been associated with increased vulnerability to various psychiatric disorders. However, a research gap exists in understanding how adolescent antibiotic therapy affects behavior and cognition. Many antibiotics that target bacterial translation may also affect mitochondrial translation resulting in impaired mitochondrial function. The brain is one of the most metabolically active organs, and hence is the most vulnerable to impaired mitochondrial function. We hypothesized that exposure to antibiotics during early adolescence would directly affect brain mitochondrial function, and result in altered behavior and cognition. We administered amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, or gentamicin in the drinking water to young adolescent male wild-type mice. Next, we assayed mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex activities in the cerebral cortex, performed behavioral screening and targeted mass spectrometry-based acylcarnitine profiling in the cerebral cortex. We found that mice exposed to chloramphenicol showed increased repetitive and compulsive-like behavior in the marble burying test, an accurate and sensitive assay of anxiety, concomitant with decreased mitochondrial complex IV activity. Our results suggest that only adolescent chloramphenicol exposure leads to impaired brain mitochondrial complex IV function, and could therefore be a candidate driver event for increased anxiety-like and repetitive, compulsive-like behaviors.

scholarly journals Using Touchscreen Equipped Operant Chambers to Study Comparative Cognition. Benefits, Limitations, and Advice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Seitz ◽  
KB McCune ◽  
M MacPherson ◽  
L Bergeron ◽  
AP Blaisdell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Infinite Number ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Comparative Cognition ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Test Animal ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Behavior And Cognition

AbstractOperant chambers are small enclosures used to test animal behavior and cognition. While traditionally reliant on simple technologies for presenting stimuli (e.g., lights and sounds) and recording responses made to basic manipulanda (e.g., levers and buttons), an increasing number of researchers are beginning to use Touchscreen-equipped Operant Chambers (TOCs). These TOCs have obvious advantages, namely by allowing researchers to present a near infinite number of stimuli as well as increased flexibility in the types of responses that can be made and recorded. Here, we trained wild-caught adult and juvenile great-tailed grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus) to complete experiments using a TOC. We have learned much from these efforts, and outline the advantages and disadvantages of these two approaches. We report data from our training sessions and discuss important modifications we made to facilitate animal engagement and participation in various tasks. Finally, we provide a “training guide” for creating experiments using PsychoPy, a free and open-source software that we have found to be incredibly useful during these endeavors. This article, therefore, should serve as a useful resource to those interested in switching to or maintaining a TOC, or who similarly wish to use a TOC to test the cognitive abilities of non-model species or wild-caught individuals.

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