scholarly journals 57 LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF GH SECRETION, SOMATOMEDIN AND GROWTH IN THE TWO YEARS FOLLOWING CRANIAL IRRADIATION

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Brauner ◽  
P Czernichow ◽  
C Prévot ◽  
H J Guyda ◽  
R Rappaport
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Gh Secretion

A Longitudinal Study on Growth and Spontaneous Growth Hormone (GH) Secretion in Children with Irradiated Brain Tumors

1987 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 966-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
KERSTIN ALBERTSSON-WIKLAND ◽  
BIRGITTA LANNERING ◽  
ILDIKÓ MÁRKY ◽  
LOTTA MELLANDER ◽  
ULLA WANNHOLT
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Spontaneous Growth ◽  
Gh Secretion

Short-term endocrine consequences of total body irradiation and bone marrow transplantation in children treated for leukemia

1993 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ryalls ◽  
H. A. Spoudeas ◽  
P. C. Hindmarsh ◽  
D. R. Matthews ◽  
D. M. Tait ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Peak Serum ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Serum Gh ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT We studied 24-h hormone profiles and hormonal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia prospectively in 23 children of similar age and pubertal stage, nine of whom had received prior cranial irradiation (group 1) and fourteen of whom had not (group 2), before and 6–12 months after total body irradiation (TBI) for bone marrow transplantation in leukaemia. Fourier transformation demonstrated that group 1 children had a faster periodicity of GH secretion before TBI than group 2 children (160 vs 200 min) but the amplitude of their GH peaks was similar. There were no differences between the groups in circadian cortisol rhythm, serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), sex steroids and basal thyroxine (T4). The peak serum GH concentrations observed after insulin-induced hypoglycaemia were similar between the two groups but the majority of patients had blunted responses. TBI increased the periodicity of GH secretion in both groups (group 1 vs group 2; 140 vs 180 min), but the tendency to attenuation of amplitude was not significant. There were no significant changes in the peak serum GH concentration response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia which remained blunted. Serum IGF-I, sex steroid, cortisol or T4 concentrations were unchanged. Low-dose cranial irradiation has an effect on GH secretion affecting predominantly frequency modulation leading to fast frequency, normal amplitude GH pulsatility. This change is accentuated by TBI. In patients with leukemia, there is a marked discordance between the peak serum GH response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia compared with the release of GH during 24-h studies, irrespective of the therapeutic regimen used. Pharmacological assessment of GH reserve needs to be interpreted with caution in such situations. Journal of Endocrinology (1993) 136, 331–338

scholarly journals Update on the diagnosis of GH deficiency in adults

2003 ◽  
pp. S3-S8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Abs
Keyword(s):  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Stimulation Tests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

GH deficiency (GHD) in adults is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of GHD is generally straightforward in children as growth retardation is present; however, in adults, diagnosis of GHD is often challenging. Other markers are therefore needed to identify adults who have GHD and could potentially benefit from GH replacement therapy. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adult GHD recommend provocative testing of GH secretion for patients who have evidence of hypothalamic-pituitary disease, patients with childhood-onset GHD, and patients who have undergone cranial irradiation or have a history of head trauma. Suspicion of GHD is also heightened in the presence of other pituitary hormone deficits. Tests for GHD include measurement of the hormone in urine or serum or measurement of stimulated GH levels after administration of various provocative agents. The results of several studies indicate that non-stimulated serum or urine measurements of GH levels cannot reliably predict deficiency in adults. Although glucagon and arginine tests produce a pronounced GH response with few false positives, the insulin tolerance test (ITT) is currently considered to be the gold standard of the GH stimulation tests available. Unfortunately, the ITT has some disadvantages and questionable reproducibility, which have prompted the development of several new tests for GHD that are based on pharmacological stimuli. Of these, GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) plus arginine and GHRH plus GH-releasing peptide (GHRP) appear to be reliable and practical. Thus, in cases where ITT is contraindicated or inconclusive, the combination of arginine and GHRH is an effective alternative. As experience with this test as well as with GHRH/GHRP-6 accumulates, they may supplant ITT as the diagnostic test of choice.

scholarly journals Cognitive and academic outcome following cranial irradiation and chemotherapy in children: a longitudinal study

2000 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
V A Anderson ◽  
T Godber ◽  
E Smibert ◽  
S Weiskop ◽  
H Ekert
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Academic Outcome

scholarly journals Cranial Irradiation and Growth Hormone Neurosecretory Dysfunction: A Critical Appraisal

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1666-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken H. Darzy ◽  
Suzan S. Pezzoli ◽  
Michael O. Thorner ◽  
Stephen M. Shalet
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Diagnostic Thresholds ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract Context: It has been suggested that radiation-induced GH neurosecretory dysfunction exists in children; however, the pathophysiology is poorly understood, and it is unknown if such a phenomenon exists in adult life. Study Subjects: Twenty-four-hour spontaneous GH secretion was studied by 20-min sampling both in the fed state (n = 16; six women) and the last 24 h of 33-h fast (n = 10; three women) in adult cancer survivors of normal GH status defined by two GH provocative tests, 13.1 ± 1.6 (range, 3–28) yr after cranial irradiation (18–40 Gy) for nonpituitary brain tumors (n = 12) or leukemia (n = 4) in comparison with 30 (nine women) age- and body mass index-matched normal controls (fasting, 11 men and three women). Results: Using previously published diagnostic thresholds, all patients had stimulated peak GH responses in the normal range to both the insulin tolerance test and the combined GHRH plus arginine stimulation test, as well as normal individual mean profile GH levels during the fed and fasting states. However, gender-specific comparisons revealed marked reduction (by 40%) in the overall peak GH responses to both provocative tests but similar GH secretory profiles; no differences were seen in the pulsatile attributes of GH secretion (cluster analysis) or the profile absolute and mean GH levels in the fed state or when the hypothalamic-pituitary axis was stimulated by fasting. Conclusions: Radiation-induced GH neurosecretory dysfunction either does not exist or is a very rare phenomenon in irradiated adult cancer survivors. The normality of physiological GH secretion in the context of reduced maximum somatotroph reserve suggests compensatory overdrive of the partially damaged somatotroph axis and constitutes a relative argument against somatotroph dysfunction being explained purely by hypothalamic damage with secondary atrophy due to GHRH deficiency. It is therefore possible that radiation in doses less than 40 Gy causes dual damage to both the pituitary and the hypothalamus.

Impaired prolactin responsiveness to a dopamine antagonist in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Dunkel ◽  
Liisa Hovi ◽  
Martti A. Siimes
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Dopamine Antagonist ◽  
Neuroendocrine Control ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Primary Gonadal Failure

Abstract. Cranial irradiation is known to affect the neuroendocrine control of GH secretion. The aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of leukaemia treatment on neuroendocrine control of PRL secretion in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Pituitary LH, FSH and PRL responses to GnRH and to the dopamine receptor antagonist metoclopramide were evaluated in 18 boys 1.6–9 years after discontinuation of medication for ALL. All the boys had been subjected to prophylactic cranial irradiation and 8 to testicular irradiation. Eight of the boys had supranormal gonadotropin levels either basally or after GnRH. All had normal basal PRL levels, but in 14 of the 18 boys the metoclopramide-releasable PRL levels were subnormal. The decreased PRL responses cannot be explained by the hypergonadotropism, since exaggerated rather than decreased responses are frequently found in patients with primary gonadal failure. We conclude that abnormal regulation of PRL secretion is a frequent consequence of treatment of ALL, probably being due to decreased pituitary lactotrop mass.

School Achievement and Adult Qualifications among Adoptees: A Longitudinal Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Maughan ◽  
Stephan Collishaw ◽  
Andrew Pickles
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
School Achievement
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document