scholarly journals Effect of Retinoid Status on the Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression of Nuclear Retinoid Receptors α, β, and γ, and Retinoid X Receptors α, β, and γ in the Mouse Testis1

Endocrinology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 1544-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid C. Gaemers ◽  
Ans M. M. van Pelt ◽  
Paul T. van der Saag ◽  
Jos W. Hoogerbrugge ◽  
Axel P. N. Themmen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Retinoid X Receptors ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Retinoid Receptors ◽  
X Receptors

Retinoid receptors promote primary neurogenesis in Xenopus

Development ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Sharpe ◽  
K. Goldstone
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Nuclear Hormone Receptor ◽  
Retinoic Acid Receptors ◽  
Primary Neurons ◽  
Retinoid X Receptors ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Retinoid Receptors ◽  
X Receptors ◽  
Synthetic Mrna ◽  
Primary Neurogenesis

Retinoid receptors, which are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, act as ligand-dependent transcription factors. They mediate the effects of retinoic acid primarily as heterodimers of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs). To analyse their function, xRXR beta synthetic mRNA was injected into Xenopus embryos in combination with normal and mutated xRAR alpha transcripts. Two informative phenotypes are reported here. Firstly, over-expression of xRXR beta with xRAR alpha results in the formation of ectopic primary neurons. Secondly, blocking retinoid signalling with a mutated xRAR alpha results in a lack of primary neurons. These two phenotypes, from contra-acting manipulations, indicate a role for retinoid signalling during neurogenesis.

scholarly journals Quantitative Measurement of Ovalbumin Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Activity

1973 ◽  
Vol 248 (6) ◽  
pp. 2031-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Rhoads ◽  
G. Stanley McKnight ◽  
Robert T. Schimke
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid

scholarly journals Do Corticosteroid Injections for the Treatment of Pain Influence the Efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines?

Pain Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 994-1000
Author(s):  
Haewon Lee ◽  
Jennifer A Punt ◽  
David C Miller ◽  
Ameet Nagpal ◽  
Clark C Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Corticosteroid Injection ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Corticosteroid Injections

Abstract Myth Corticosteroid injection for the treatment of pain and inflammation is known to decrease the efficacy of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Fact There is currently no direct evidence to suggest that a corticosteroid injection before or after the administration of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine decreases the efficacy of the vaccine. However, based on the known timeline of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression following epidural and intraarticular corticosteroid injections, and the timeline of the reported peak efficacy of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines, physicians should consider timing an elective corticosteroid injection such that it is administered no less than 2 weeks prior to a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose and no less than 1 week following a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose, whenever possible.

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