scholarly journals Diabetic Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Contribution of β-Cell Function

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 572-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmistha Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Rebecca L. Thomas ◽  
Gareth J. Dunseath ◽  
Rajesh Peter ◽  
D. Aled Rees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Exploration of Insulin Sensitivity, Insulin Resistance, Early Insulin Secretion and β-cell Function, and Their Relationship with Glycated Hemoglobin Level in Normal Weight Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 4217-4223 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function

When discussing insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, data from literature focuses on obese and overweight patients. In our study on, 110 patients with normal body-mass index with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the help of glucose tolerance test, we explored insulin resistance, sensitivity, early insulin secretion and β-cell function assessed by using the following indexes: HOMA-IR, ISI, IGI and HOMA-β. We compared the results from our reference group with a control group of 109 overweight patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Normal weight patients had a statistically significant lower HOMA-IR index than overweight patients (2.65 vs. 3.55, p<0.01), however in both groups HOMA-IR was above the cut-off value of 2.5. HOMA-β was statistically significant lower in normal weight patients than in overweight patients (55.08 vs 65.36, p<0.01). ISI index was in an inverse proportional relationship with HOMA-IR, statistically significant higher in normal weight individuals (5.97 vs.3.48, p<0.01). IGI index was not statistically significant lower in normal weight patients (3.63 vs.3.95, p=0.07). It is important to observe that although they have a normal BMI these patients are insulin-resistant confirming the hypothesis of metabolic obese normal weight patients that develop type 2 diabetes mellitus. The indexes that correlate with HbA1c in normal weight patients, predicting glucose status, are HOMA-β (negative correlation), ISI (positive correlation) and IGI index (negative correlation). Keywords: insulin, β-cell, glycated hemoglobin, type 2 diabetes mellitus

Impact of insulin glargine and lixisenatide on β-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized open-label study

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1625-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juris J. Meier ◽  
Nina Schenker ◽  
Melanie Kahle ◽  
Freimut Schliess ◽  
Christoph Kapitza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Label Study ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals XOMA 052, an Anti-IL-1β Monoclonal Antibody, Improves Glucose Control and β-Cell Function in the Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-261
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Owyang ◽  
Kathrin Maedler ◽  
Lisa Gross ◽  
Johnny Yin ◽  
Lin Esposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Β Cell Function

ABSTRACT Recent evidence suggests that IL-1β-mediated glucotoxicity plays a critical role in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although previous work has shown that inhibiting IL-1β can lead to improvements in glucose control and β-cell function, we hypothesized that more efficient targeting of IL-1β with a novel monoclonal antibody, XOMA 052, would reveal an effect on additional parameters affecting metabolic disease. In the diet-induced obesity model, XOMA 052 was administered to mice fed either normal or high-fat diet (HFD) for up to 19 wk. XOMA 052 was administered as a prophylactic treatment or as a therapy. Mice were analyzed for glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, insulin secretion, and lipid profile. In addition, the pancreata were analyzed for β-cell apoptosis, proliferation, and β-cell mass. Mice on HFD exhibited elevated glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion, and elevated lipid profile, which were prevented by XOMA 052. XOMA 052 also reduced β-cell apoptosis and increased β-cell proliferation. XOMA 052 maintained the HFDinduced compensatory increase in β-cell mass, while also preventing the loss in β-cell mass seen with extended HFD feeding. Analysis of fasting insulin and glucose levels suggests that XOMA 052 prevented HFD-induced insulin resistance. These studies provide new evidence that targeting IL-1β in vivo could improve insulin sensitivity and lead to β-cell sparing. This is in addition to previously reported benefits on glycemic control. Taken together, the data presented suggest that XOMA 052 could be effective for treating many aspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Parity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a study of insulin resistance and β-cell function in women with multiple pregnancies

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditte Smed Iversen ◽  
Julie Støy ◽  
Ulla Kampmann ◽  
Thomas Schmidt Voss ◽  
Lene Ring Madsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function
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