scholarly journals Serum Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Lipid Metabolizing Enzymes in Identical Twins Discordant for Obesity

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 2792-2799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapani Rönnemaa ◽  
Jukka Marniemi ◽  
Markku J. Savolainen ◽  
Y. Antero Kesäniemi ◽  
Christian Ehnholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Hepatic Lipase ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity

abstract Obesity is associated with adverse changes in plasma lipoprotein metabolism, but it is not known completely how this association is modified by genetic factors. We assessed the contribution of obesity to serum lipid and lipoprotein levels and lipid metabolizing enzyme activities by examining 23 identical twin pairs (9 male, 14 female) who had, on the average, an 18-kg intrapair difference in BW. Compared with lean co-twins, obese co-twins had approximately 20% higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P < 0.01), 20% lower high-density lipoprotein2 cholesterol (P = 0.010), and 90% (men) or 35% (women) higher (P ≤ 0.06) total, very-low-density lipoprotein and LDL triglycerides. The pairs were divided into subgroups by the gender-specific median value of abdominal visceral fat (AVF) area in the obese co-twin and by apolipoprotein E 4 phenotype. The intrapair differences in serum cholesterol fractions were similar in twin pairs with high or low AVF, whereas only high AVF pairs showed significant differences in triglyceride fractions. The greatest intrapair differences in total, very-low-density lipoprotein and LDL triglycerides were observed in apolipoprotein E 4-positive pairs expressing high AVF. Compared with lean co-twins, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity was 18% higher (P < 0.001) and hepatic lipase activity was 38% higher (P = 0.016) in obese co-twins with high AVF. When genetic factors are identical, obesity is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile, especially in subjects with high visceral fat accumulation.

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E Participates in the Regulation of Very Low Density Lipoprotein-Triglyceride Secretion by the Liver

1999 ◽  
Vol 274 (50) ◽  
pp. 35711-35718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjen R Mensenkamp ◽  
Miek C Jong ◽  
Harry van Goor ◽  
Marja J. A. van Luyn ◽  
Vincent Bloks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Triglyceride Secretion

Differential antioxidative and hypocholesterolemic responses to two fish protein hydrolysates (Sardina pilchardus and Boops boops) in cholesterol-fed rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souhila Benomar ◽  
Sanaa Yahia ◽  
Faiza Dehiba ◽  
Natalia Guillen ◽  
Maria Jesús Rodriguez-Yoldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic activities of sardine and bogue protein hydrolysates in cholesterol-fed rats. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 18 male Wistar rats (220 ± 10 g) fed 20 per cent casein, 1 per cent cholesterol and 0.5 per cent cholic acid were divided into three groups and received a daily gavage of 250 mg of sardine (SPH) or bogue (BPH) protein hydrolysates for 30 days. The third group, named control group (CG), received in the same conditions water. Lipoproteins were fractionated by size-exclusion fast protein liquid chromatography, and serum lipids, apolipoproteins and lipoproteins were assayed. Findings – In SPH and BPH groups, serum total cholesterol concentrations were −66 per cent lower than in CG. This corresponded to the decreased very low-density lipoprotein-C in the former groups. Moreover, BPH treatment reduced low-density lipoprotein-C compared with CG and SPH groups. Compared with CG, serum phospholipids were reduced by SPH and BPH. Furthermore, BPH increased significantly APOA4 and sphingomyelin but lowered phosphatidylcholine. In the latter group, serum lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity was +23 per cent higher, but with SPH, this activity was −35 per cent reduced compared with CG. Apolipoprotein A-I contents were similar in the three groups. Compared with CG, hydroperoxide and lipid peroxidation contents in serum and lipoprotein fractions were reduced by SPH and BPH. Compared with CG, serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were increased in the treated groups, particularly in the BPH group. Originality/value – These results suggest that sardine protein hydrolysates and particularly those of bogue could be a very useful natural compound to prevent hypercholesterolemia by both improving the lipid profile and modulating oxidative stress in cholesterol-fed rats.

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