Gene transfer by means of cell fusion I. Statistical mapping of the human X-chromosome by analysis of radiation-induced gene segregation

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-37
Author(s):  
S.J. Goss ◽  
H. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Genetic Mapping ◽  
Cell Fusion ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Hybrid Cells ◽  
Gene Segregation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Chromosome Exchanges ◽  
Lethal Doses

Hybrid cells were obtained by virus-induced fusion of hamster cells with irradiated human cells. The analysis of such hybrids permits a study of the effects of lethal doses of radiation on human cells and provides a method of sub-chromosomal genetic mapping that is independent of karyological analysis. Radiation-induced chromosome exchanges are shown to be extremely localized, and a map of 4 X-linked genes is presented.

scholarly journals Protein kinase C epsilon is involved in ionizing radiation induced bystander response in human cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2413-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burong Hu ◽  
Bo Shen ◽  
Yanrong Su ◽  
Charles R. Geard ◽  
Adayabalam S. Balajee
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase C Epsilon ◽  
Bystander Response ◽  
Radiation Induced

Reestablishment of the inactive X chromosome to the ground state through cell fusion-induced reprogramming

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (23) ◽  
pp. 4067-4077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Woo Choi ◽  
Jong Soo Kim ◽  
Hyo Jin Jang ◽  
Sol Choi ◽  
Jae-Hwan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fusion ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Inactive X Chromosome

scholarly journals Development of a gene transfer-based treatment for radiation-induced salivary hypofunction

Oral Oncology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. Baum ◽  
Changyu Zheng ◽  
Ilias Alevizos ◽  
Ana P. Cotrim ◽  
Shuying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals The Arabidopsis HOP2 Gene Has a Role in Preventing illegitimate Exchanges between Nonhomologous Chromosomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YIsell Farahani-Tafreshi ◽  
Chun Wei ◽  
Peilu Gan ◽  
Jenya Daradur ◽  
C. Daniel Riggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Synapsis ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Nonhomologous Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Exchanges

Meiotic homologous chromosomes pair up and undergo crossing over. In many eukaryotes both intimate pairing and crossing over require the induction of double stranded breaks (DSBs) and subsequent repair via Homologous Recombination (HR). In these organisms, two key proteins are the recombinases RAD51 and DMC1. Recombinase-modulators HOP2 and MND1 have been identified as proteins that assist RAD51 and DMC1 and are needed to promote stabilized pairing. We have probed the nature of the genetic lesions seen in hop2 mutants and looked at the role of HOP2 in the fidelity of genetic exchanges. Using γH2AX as a marker for unrepaired DSBs we found that hop2-1 and mnd1 mutants have different appearance/disappearance for DSBs than wild type, but all DSBs are repaired by mid-late pachytene. Therefore, the bridges and fragments seen from metaphase I onward are due to mis-repaired DSBs, not unrepaired ones. Studying Arabidopsis haploid meiocytes we found that wild type haploids produced the expected five univalents, but hop2-1 haploids suffered many illegitimate exchanges that were stable enough to produce bridged chromosomes during segregation. Our results suggest that HOP2 has a significant active role in preventing nonhomologous associations. We also found evidence that HOP2 plays a role in preventing illegitimate exchanges during repair of radiation-induced DSBs in rapidly dividing petal cells. Thus, HOP2 plays both a positive role in promoting homologous chromosome synapsis and a separable role in preventing nonhomologous chromosome exchanges. Possible mechanisms for this second important role are discussed.

scholarly journals Aquaporin-1 Gene Transfer to Correct Radiation-Induced Salivary Hypofunction

2008 ◽  
pp. 403-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. Baum ◽  
Changyu Zheng ◽  
Ana P. Cotrim ◽  
Linda McCullagh ◽  
Corinne M. Goldsmith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Radiation Induced

The Analysis of Malignancy by Cell Fusion

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-680
Author(s):  
U. BREGULA ◽  
G. KLEIN ◽  
H. HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fusion ◽  
Chromosomal Analysis ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Hybrid Cells ◽  
Parental Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Constitution ◽  
Diploid Fibroblasts ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites Cells

When Ehrlich ascites cells were fused with diploid fibroblasts, isolated directly from the animal, the resulting hybrid cells regularly produced progressive tumours. However, an analysis of a range of clonal populations of these hybrid cells, each derived from a separate primary fusion, revealed that the chromosomal constitution of these cells was highly unstable; all cell populations were found to have already undergone substantial chromosome losses by the time enough cells were available to permit chromosomal analysis. Thus, although these hybrid cells were highly tumorigenic, the tumours arising from them were not composed of cells with complete parental chromosome sets, but of cells from which some chromosomes had been eliminated.

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