In situ cardiac performance of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) at cold temperatures: long-term acclimation, acute thermal challenge and the role of adrenaline

AbstractPrevious studies ofin situbioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater with acetate injections have focused on the role ofGeobacterspecies in U(VI) reduction because of a lack of other abundant known U(VI)-reducing microorganisms. Monitoring the levels of methyl CoM reductase subunit A (mcrA) transcripts during an acetate-injection field experiment demonstrated that acetoclastic methanogens from the genusMethanosarcinawere enriched after 40 days of acetate amendment. The increased abundance ofMethanosarcinacorresponded with an accumulation of methane in the groundwater. An enrichment culture dominated by aMethanosarcinaspecies with the sameMethanosarcina mcrAsequence that predominated in the field experiment could effectively convert acetate to methane. In order to determine whetherMethanosarcinaspecies could be participating in U(VI) reduction in the subsurface, cell suspensions ofM. barkeriwere incubated in the presence of U(VI) with acetate provided as the electron donor. U(VI) was reduced by metabolically activeM. barkericells, however, no U(VI) reduction was observed in inactive controls. These results demonstrate thatMethanosarcinaspecies could play an important role in the long-term bioremediation of uranium-contaminated aquifers after depletion of Fe(III) oxides limits the growth ofGeobacterspecies. The results also suggest thatMethanosarcinahave the potential to influence uranium geochemistry in a diversity of anaerobic sedimentary environments.

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Fish Catches and Long-Term Tidal Cycles in Northwest Atlantic Fisheries: A Nonlinear Regression Approach

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f87-233 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 44 (11) ◽

pp. 1890-1897 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Paul Cabilio ◽

David L. DeWolfe ◽

Graham R. Daborn

Keyword(s):

New England ◽

Nonlinear Regression ◽

Gadus Morhua ◽

Atlantic Cod ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Clupea Harengus ◽

Atlantic Menhaden ◽

Melanogrammus Aeglefinus ◽

Grand Banks

Selected long-term fisheries catch data from the New England – Fundy area and the Grand Banks were examined for concordance between changes in fish catches and the 18.6-yr nodal cycle of the tides using a nonlinear regression model. Significant positive correlations were found for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus), and scallop (Placopecten magellanicus), with lag times that are biologically appropriate for the time from hatching to recruitment into the fishery. A significant negative correlation with the nodal cycle was evident for Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), for which this area constitutes the most northerly part of its range. Cod catches on the Grand Banks showed no correlation with the nodal cycle. It is suggested that the correlations between the nodal cycle and the changes in fish catches are caused by correlated changes either in sea surface temperature or in productivity resulting from changes in the degree of vertical mixing.

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The role of spawning stock in formation of recruitment of northeast atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Journal of Ichthyology ◽

10.1134/s0032945206010103 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 74-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. M. Borisov ◽

A. A. Elizarov ◽

V. D. Nesterov

Keyword(s):

Gadus Morhua ◽

Atlantic Cod ◽

Northeast Atlantic ◽

Spawning Stock

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Ecoacoustics: A Quantitative Approach to Investigate the Ecological Role of Environmental Sounds

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math7010021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Almo Farina

Keyword(s):

Full Range ◽

Individual Species ◽

Ecological Role ◽

Dissimilarity Index ◽

Detection And Identification ◽

Quantitative Metrics ◽

Ecological Complexity

Ecoacoustics is a recent ecological discipline focusing on the ecological role of sounds. Sounds from the geophysical, biological, and anthropic environment represent important cues used by animals to navigate, communicate, and transform unknown environments in well-known habitats. Sounds are utilized to evaluate relevant ecological parameters adopted as proxies for biodiversity, environmental health, and human wellbeing assessment due to the availability of autonomous audio recorders and of quantitative metrics. Ecoacoustics is an important ecological tool to establish an innovative biosemiotic narrative to ensure a strategic connection between nature and humanity, to help in-situ field and remote-sensing surveys, and to develop long-term monitoring programs. Acoustic entropy, acoustic richness, acoustic dissimilarity index, acoustic complexity indices (ACItf and ACIft and their evenness), normalized difference soundscape index, ecoacoustic event detection and identification routine, and their fractal structure are some of the most popular indices successfully applied in ecoacoustics. Ecoacoustics offers great opportunities to investigate ecological complexity across a full range of operational scales (from individual species to landscapes), but requires an implementation of its foundations and of quantitative metrics to ameliorate its competency on physical, biological, and anthropic sonic contexts.

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Adaptation to calcium deprivation in the rat: effects of parathyroidectomy.

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1977.232.3.e336 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 232 (3) ◽

pp. E336

Author(s):

J T Pento ◽

L C Waite ◽

P J Tracy ◽

A D Kenny

Keyword(s):

Adaptive Response ◽

Calcium Transport ◽

Parathyroid Tissue ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Short Term ◽

High Calcium

The role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the adaptive response in gut calcium transport to calcium deprivation has been studied in the rat using both the in vitro everted duodenal sac and the in situ ligated duodenal segment technique. Intact or parathyroidectomized (PTX) young rats were placed on a low calcium (0.01%) diet for 7-, 14-, or 21-day adaptation periods and compared with control rats maintained on a high calcium (1.5%) diet. Prior PTX (3 days before the start of the adaptation period) abolished the adaptive response (enhanced calcium transport) induced by calcium deprivation for a 7-day adaptation period, but did not abolish a response after a 21-day period. A 14-day adaptation period gave equivocal results. It is concluded that PTH appears to be necessary for short-term (7-day) adaptation, but not for long-term (21-day) adaptation to calcium deprivation. However, if accessory parathyroid tissue is present, the data could be interpreted differently: the essentiality of PTH for the adaptive response might be independent of the length of the adaptation period. The data also contribute to a possible resolution of the controversy concerning the involvement of PTH in the regulation of intestinal calcium transport in the rat.

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Ductal Carcinoma In Situ with Microinvasion: Prognostic Implications, Long-term Outcomes, and Role of Axillary Evaluation

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics ◽

10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.481 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. S150-S151

Author(s):

R.R. Parikh ◽

B.G. Haffty ◽

M.S. Moran

Keyword(s):

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ ◽

Carcinoma In Situ ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Prognostic Implications

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Long-term maintenance capecitabine and celecoxib improved clinical outcomes by targeting colorectal cancer micrometastasis

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.14513 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 14513-14513

Author(s):

M. Zhang ◽

S. Curley ◽

C. Ng ◽

B. Kurland ◽

S. Krishnan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Complete Response ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Stage Iv Disease ◽

Disease Site ◽

Colorectal Cancer Patients

14513 Background: Role of mainteance therapy after achieving complete response (CR) remain undefined for patients with metasatic colorectal cancer. We studied prognostic and treatment factors including maintenance capecitabine and celecoxib (XCEL) in all 19 unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer patients (pts) who had CR from the prior XCEL study. Methods: Event charts are used to summarize the timeline of the various treatments. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and univariate log-rank tests were used to evaluate RFS and OS as time from CR. Prognostic and treatment factors included: tumor size, metastasis number (9 solitary disease), site (13 being extrahepatic), stage on diagnosis (stage II versus III/IV), disease free interval prior to stage IV disease, surgery (5 R0, 3 R1–2 resections), lactate dehydrogenase levels, first-line irinotecan chemotherapy, radiation (9 pts ≥ 45 Gy, 3 Pts < 45 Gy), and maintenance XCEL (duration 0–50.3 months). Results: Nine of 19 patients experienced recurrence (median 13 months after CR), and 4 died during the follow-up period (median 31 months after CR). The 2-year RFS for the unresected and R1–2 resected patients was 71% versus 20% for the R0 resected patients (p = 0.07). This paradoxical RFS pattern corresponded to a RFS advantage for maintenance XCEL (p = 0.002), but not any other prognostic or treatment factors. All relapses occurred in situ following discontinuation of XCEL except for the surgical cases. Patients undergoing maintenance XCEL also benefited in OS (p = 0.04). The median OS from XCEL and from onset of metastasis reached 51.9 months (95% CI, 45 months- not reached [NR]) and 73.3 months (95% CI, NR-NR months) respectively. Conclusions: Maintenance XCEL targets colorectal micrometastases and produces a paradoxical RFS and OS advantage among the high-risk unresected/R1–2 resected patients than R0 resected patients. Prospective studies are warranted to validate roles of maintenance XCEL in the treatment of colorectal micrometastases. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Intergenerational valuation of fisheries resources can justify long-term conservation: a case study in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f05-010 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 1104-1110 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C H Ainsworth ◽

U R Sumaila

Keyword(s):

Discount Rate ◽

Gadus Morhua ◽

Atlantic Cod ◽

Ecosystem Model ◽

Conventional Model ◽

Fisheries Resources ◽

Optimal Harvest ◽

Harvest Policies

Where the conventional model of discounting advocates aggressive harvest policies, intergenerational discounting could have been used to render the historic gross overfishing of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) economically unappealing compared with a more conservative long-term strategy. Under these discounting approaches, we compare the historic harvest trend from 1985 (and projected postcollapse earnings) with theoretical optimal harvest profiles determined by an ecosystem model. The optimal scenarios generate less initial harvest than the historic profile but maintain the resource and provide greater yields over the long term. At a discount rate equal to market interest, we demonstrate that it was more economic under conventional valuation to harvest the cod stock to collapse than it would have been to sustain the population. However, under intergenerational valuation, the sustainable optimal scenarios outperform the actual harvest profile. Application of conventional discounting by fishing consortiums may be partly to blame for depletion, yet management fell short of even that ideal.

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