Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Density Assessed Using a Standardized Method Based on Molecular Subtypes and Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Invasive Breast Cancer

Breast cancer in men is a rare disease, accounting for approximately 0.1% of all malignant breast tumors in men and from 0.6% to 1% of all malignant breast tumors. The incidence of breast cancer in men increases with age for unknown reasons: the average age of men at the time of diagnosis is 67 years, compared with women, whose similar indicator is 57 years. Despite advances in the diagnostics and treatment of breast cancer in women, understanding and strategy for the treatment of breast cancer in men are limited and generally extrapolated from existing knowledge about breast cancer in women. In particular, the molecular subtypes of breast cancer in men have not been studied, although these subtypes have been associated with both biological and clinical features of breast cancer in women. It has been proven that molecular subtypes have an important prognostic value in breast cancer in women. Molecular assessment of tumors plays a significant role in the 22 prescriptions of adjuvant chemotherapy, and therefore the role of genetic testing increases.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Independent prognostic value of screen detection in invasive breast cancer.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.9390956.10024054 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Alberto Quaglia

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Invasive Breast Cancer ◽

Prognostic Value

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Improved discrimination of molecular subtypes in invasive breast cancer: Comparison of multiple quantitative parameters from breast MRI

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

10.1016/j.mri.2020.12.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 77 ◽

pp. 148-158

Author(s):

Siyao Du ◽

Si Gao ◽

Lina Zhang ◽

Xiaoping Yang ◽

Xixun Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Invasive Breast Cancer ◽

Molecular Subtypes ◽

Breast Mri ◽

Quantitative Parameters

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Comparing the Prognostic Value of PTEN and Akt Expression with the Mitotic Activity Index in Adjuvant Chemotherapy-Treated Node-Negative Breast Cancer patients aged <55 years

Analytical Cellular Pathology ◽

10.1155/2007/569246 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 25-35

Author(s):

Emiel A. M. Janssen ◽

Håvard Søiland ◽

Ivar Skaland ◽

Einar Gudlaugson ◽

Kjell H. Kjellevold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cell Cycle ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Mitotic Activity ◽

Invasive Breast Cancer ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Activity Index ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Node Negative ◽

Mitotic Activity Index

Background: The prognostic value of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and PTEN in invasive breast cancer (IBC) is controversial. Cell proliferation, especially the Mitotic Activity Index (MAI), is strongly prognostic in lymph node-negative (LNneg) invasive breast cancer. However, its prognostic value has not been compared with the value of Akt and PTEN expression. Material and Methods: Prognostic comparison of Her2Neu, p110alpha (PIK3CA), Akt, mTOR, PTEN, MAI and cell-cycle regulators in 125 LNneg patients aged <55 years with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (CMF)-based adjuvant systemic chemotherapy. Results: Twenty-one (17%) patients developed distant metastases = DMs (median follow-up: 134 months). p110alpha correlated (p = 0.01) with pAkt but only in PTEN-negatives; pAkt correlated (p = 0.02) with mTOR. PTEN-negativity correlated with high MAI, high grade and ER-negativity (p = 0.009). The MAI was the strongest prognosticator (Hazard Ratio = HR = 2.9, p = 0.01). Her2Neu/p110α/Akt/mTOR features have no additional prognostic value to the MAI. PTEN had additional value but only in MAI < 3 (39/125 = 31%; 8% DMs). 19/39 = 49% of the MAI < 3 patients have combined MAI < 3 / PTEN+ with 0% DMs, contrasting 15% DMs in MAI < 3 / PTEN− (p = 0.03). Conclusions: In T1−3N0M0 adjuvant CMF-treated breast cancer patients aged <55 years, MAI was the strongest survival predictor. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and cell-cycle regulator characteristics had no additional prognostic value, but PTEN has. Patients with combined MAI < 3 & PTEN-positivity had 100% survival. The small subgroup of MAI < 3 patients that died were PTEN-negative.

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