molecular assessment
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Author(s):  
Fritz Simeon ◽  
Michael C. Stern ◽  
Kyle M. Diederichsen ◽  
Yayuan Liu ◽  
Howard J. Herzog ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domênika Rubert Rossato ◽  
Higor Zuchetto Rosa ◽  
Jéssica Leandra Oliveira Rosa ◽  
Laura Hautrive Milanesi ◽  
Vinícia Garzella Metz ◽  
...  

Abstract Amphetamine (AMPH) is a psychostimulant drug frequently related to addiction, which is characterized by functional and molecular changes in the brain reward system, favoring relapse development and pharmacotherapies have shown low effectiveness. Considering the beneficial influences of tactile stimulation (TS) in different diseases that affect the central nervous system (CNS), here we evaluated if TS applied in adult rats could prevent or minimize the AMPH-relapse behavior also accessing molecular neuroadaptations in the Nucleus accumbens (NAc). Following AMPH conditioning in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm, male rats were submitted to TS (15-min session, 3 times a day, for 8 days) during the drug abstinence period, which were re-exposed to the drug in the CPP paradigm for additional 3 days for relapse observation and molecular assessment. Our findings showed that besides AMPH relapse; TS prevented the dopamine transporter (DAT), dopamine 1 receptor (D1R), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), mu opioid receptor (MOR) increase and AMPH-induced delta FosB (ΔFosB). Based on these outcomes, we propose TS as a useful tool to treat psychostimulant addiction, which subsequent to clinical studies; it could be included in detoxification programs together with pharmacotherapies and psychological treatments already conventionally established.


2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha I. Vilchis ◽  
Kurt M. Dreckmann ◽  
Oscar E. Hernández ◽  
Carlos A. Palma Ortíz ◽  
María Luisa Núñez Resendiz ◽  
...  

Background. The Gracilariaceae is one of the most diverse and abundant families of marine red algae. Most species in this family exhibit high morphological variability and overlapping of characters. In the Yucatan Peninsula 30 species have been historically recorded, but the phylogenetic identity for many of them is still unknown. Questions: Is the current diversity of the family in the area overestimated? Studied species: Crassiphycus caudatus, C. corneus, C. usneoides, Gracilaria flabelliformis, G. hayi, G. cf isabellana, G. microcarpa, G. occidentalis, G. suzanneae, Gracilariopsis tenuifrons. Study site and dates: Campeche: km 33 carretera Champotón, Bahía Tortuga, Puente Xen Kan III, Punta Xen, Sabancuy, 2017, 2018; Yucatan: Puerto Sisal, Puerto Progreso, Puerto Chicxulub, Puerto Telchac, 2018; Quintana Roo: Playa 88, Xcalacoco, Punta Esmeralda, 2019. Methods. Phylogenetic analysis (with COI-5P and rbcL sequences), supported by DNA species delimitation methods, genetic distances and morphological comparisons, allowed us to molecularly identify the specimens collected. Results. The phylogenetic identity of 10 species of Gracilariaceae was confirmed, two of which are new records for the Mexican Atlantic: G. hayi and G. suzanneae. Conclusion. The study demonstrated that the molecular assessment has proved to be very useful for the diversity evaluation, thus, the future phylogenetic identifies for the rest of morphospecies recorded in the area will allow a better approximation of Gracilariaceae diversity species.


Phycologia ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Aki Kato ◽  
Daniela Basso ◽  
Annalisa Caragnano ◽  
Graziella Rodondi ◽  
Line Le Gall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5082 (6) ◽  
pp. 572-582
Author(s):  
RAFAILIA ALEXIOU ◽  
GEORGIA STAMOU ◽  
STYLIANI MINOUDI ◽  
FILIO TOURLI ◽  
VALENTINA TSARTSIANIDOU ◽  
...  

For the genus Diaphanosoma Fischer (Cladocera) the species’ name “D. brachyurum” has been widely used for many decades to identify other species belonging to this genus. To clarify the diversity of the genus in Greek lakes in the present study, we morphologically and genetically identified the Diaphanosoma species occurring in eight lakes. Three hundred twenty-nine Diaphanosoma individuals were morphologically examined, while for the genetic analyses the mtDNA COI gene was sequenced in 48 individuals. Combining the morphological and genetic results, we verified the occurrence of D. mongolianum, D. orghidani and D. macedonicum in our study area. We could not confirm prior records of D. brachyurum and D. lacustris while we provide the molecular identity of D. macedonicum. Furthermore, we highlight the need to check whether the European D. mongolianum populations are characterised of mitochondrial discordance and hybridization as the individuals from the Asian type locality of the species. Our results support the importance of combining both approaches to correctly identify taxonomic species, despite the extra effort and cost during the sample analysis.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Francesco Pepe ◽  
Pasquale Pisapia ◽  
Gianluca Russo ◽  
Mariantonia Nacchio ◽  
Elena Vigliar ◽  
...  

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the female population worldwide. To the best of our knowledge, breast cancer (BRCA)1/2 gene mutations have not been described yet on breast cancer cytological specimens. Here we describe the case of a 38-year old woman with a family and personal history for breast cancer, who underwent a fine needle aspiration (FNA) procedure for a novel 30 mm lesion located in the external quadrants of the contralateral (left) breast. Cytological findings and ancillary immunostaining confirmed the diagnosis of a triple negative NST carcinoma. BRCA1/2 molecular assessment was carried out on DNA extracted from cytological (November 2020), biopsy (December 2014) and surgical resection (July 2015) specimens, as well as on the resection of a benign fibroadenoma, by using a next generation sequencing approach. Molecular analysis showed a pathogenic BRCA1 insertion (c.5266dupC; p.Q1756PfsTer74) in the cytological specimen (allelic fraction 92.0%), biopsy (allelic fraction 84.2%), surgical resection (allelic fraction 87.8%) and fibroadenoma (58.9%), demonstrating a germinal BRCA mutated status.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Siegmund ◽  
Lynette M. Sholl ◽  
Kristine M. Cornejo ◽  
Ankur R. Sangoi ◽  
Christopher N. Otis ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
L. Alimkhodjaeva ◽  
M. Norbekova

Breast cancer in men is a rare disease, accounting for approximately 0.1% of all malignant breast tumors in men and from 0.6% to 1% of all malignant breast tumors. The incidence of breast cancer in men increases with age for unknown reasons: the average age of men at the time of diagnosis is 67 years, compared with women, whose similar indicator is 57 years. Despite advances in the diagnostics and treatment of breast cancer in women, understanding and strategy for the treatment of breast cancer in men are limited and generally extrapolated from existing knowledge about breast cancer in women. In particular, the molecular subtypes of breast cancer in men have not been studied, although these subtypes have been associated with both biological and clinical features of breast cancer in women. It has been proven that molecular subtypes have an important prognostic value in breast cancer in women. Molecular assessment of tumors plays a significant role in the 22 prescriptions of adjuvant chemotherapy, and therefore the role of genetic testing increases.


Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 800
Author(s):  
Sarah N. C. Gimenes ◽  
Jacqueline A. G. Sachett ◽  
Mônica Colombini ◽  
Luciana A. Freitas-de-Sousa ◽  
Hiochelson N. S. Ibiapina ◽  
...  

In the Brazilian Amazon, Bothrops atrox snakebites are frequent, and patients develop tissue damage with blisters sometimes observed in the proximity of the wound. Antivenoms do not seem to impact blister formation, raising questions regarding the mechanisms underlying blister formation. Here, we launched a clinical and laboratory-based study including five patients who followed and were treated by the standard clinical protocols. Blister fluids were collected for proteomic analyses and molecular assessment of the presence of venom and antivenom. Although this was a small patient sample, there appeared to be a correlation between the time of blister appearance (shorter) and the amount of venom present in the serum (higher). Of particular interest was the biochemical identification of both venom and antivenom in all blister fluids. From the proteomic analysis of the blister fluids, all were observed to be a rich source of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), immunomodulators, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), suggesting that the mechanisms by which blisters are formed includes the toxins very early in envenomation and continue even after antivenom treatment, due to the pro-inflammatory molecules generated by the toxins in the first moments after envenomings, indicating the need for local treatments with anti-inflammatory drugs plus toxin inhibitors to prevent the severity of the wounds.


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