scholarly journals Electroreduction of the Muscle Relaxant Drug Dantrolene Sodium at the Mercury Electrode and Its Determination in Bulk Form and Pharmaceutical Formulation

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1483-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enass Mohamed Ghoneim
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulation ◽  
Dantrolene Sodium ◽  
Muscle Relaxant Drug

Dantrolene Sodium Can Increase or Attenuate Activity of Skeletal Muscle Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1368-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Nelson ◽  
Marina Lin ◽  
Gisele Zapata-Sudo ◽  
Roberto Takashi Sudo
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Calcium Release Channel ◽  
Dantrolene Sodium ◽  
Study Results ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Reduced Activity

Background Dantrolene sodium (DS) is a direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose only known action is to block calcium release from intracellular storage sites. The exact site of action for DS is unknown, but its efficacy in treating and preventing anesthetic-induced malignant hyperthermia (MH) is well established. Methods Single ryanodine (Ry1) receptor calcium release channels were incorporated into a planar lipid bilayer for electrophysiologic recording and for subsequent analysis of the channel's gating and conductance properties. The cellular effects of low DS concentrations were investigated by isometric contracture tension responses in biopsied MH human and dog muscle fascicles and in normal, single fibers from human vastus lateralis muscle. Results Two concentration-dependent DS effects on the isolated Ry1 receptor were discovered, suggesting at least two different binding sites. At nanomolar concentrations, DS activated the channel by causing three-to fivefold increases in open-state probability and dwell times. At micromolar concentrations, DS first increased then reduced activity in the channels; with the dominant effect being reduced activity. A 20 nm concentration of DS produced significant contracture tension in human muscle from one MH subject and caused potentiation of twitch in muscle from another MH patient. Halothane contracture in MH dog muscle was followed by an additional increase in tension when treated with 20 nm DS. Other investigations on chemically skinned, human fibers showed that calcium loaded in the sarcoplasmic reticulum was partially released by nM DS. Conclusions The study results suggest that at least two binding sites for DS exist on the Ry1 receptor calcium channel. A low-affinity (microM) site is associated with reduced channel gating and open-state dwell time and may relate to the established pharmacologic muscle relaxant effect of DS. The proposed high-affinity (nM) DS binding site activates the channel, producing Ca2+ release to the myoplasm, which, under environmentally adverse conditions, could damage genetically predisposed MH muscle. Such a phenomenon, if it occurs in DS treated MH patients, could generate a recrudescence of the syndrome.

Three validated stripping voltammetric procedures for determination of the anti-prostate cancer drug flutamide in tablets and human serum at a mercury electrode

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 1386-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Hammam ◽  
H S El-Desoky ◽  
K Y El-Baradie ◽  
A M Beltagi
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulation ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Linear Sweep ◽  
Square Wave

Flutamide is a nonsteriodal anti-androgen drug, which is commonly used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Based on the reduction of the nitro organic moiety of the drug molecule in acetate buffer of pH 5 at the hanging mercury drop electrode, three adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric procedures were optimized for determination of flutamide in bulk, tablets, and human serum applying linear-sweep, differential-pulse, and square-wave waveforms. The achieved limits of detection of the bulk drug were 1.9 × 10–7, 8.7 × 10–8, and 9.7 × 10–9 mol L–1 by using the optimized differential-pulse, linear-sweep, and square-wave adsorptive stripping voltammetric procedures, respectively. Repeatability of the results was studied for 1 × 10–6 mol L–1 of the drug and the recoveries obtained were 98.51 ± 1.56% (LSV), 98.89 ± 0.87% (DPV), and 99.21 ± 1.03% (SWV). The proposed procedures were successfully applied to the determination of the drug in pharmaceutical formulation (Eulexin® tablets) and human serum. The detection limits of the drug in bulk, pharmaceutical formulation, and human serum achieved by means of the proposed procedures showed that the square-wave mode was more reliable for determination of the drug especially in its low concentration levels.Key words: flutamide, linear-sweep, differential-pulse, square-wave, cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry, determination, Eulexin® tablets, human serum.

EFFECT OF DANTROLENE SODIUM ON PORK QUALITY FROM PIGS STUNNED BY CAPTIVE-BOLT

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. YANG ◽  
M. A. PRICE ◽  
F. X. AHERNE ◽  
Z. J. HAWRYSH
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Electric Shock ◽  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Dantrolene Sodium ◽  
Muscle Ph ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Three groups, each consisting of six crossbred pigs weighing approximately 100 kg, were used to determine the effects of three preslaughter stunning methods on certain quality characteristics of the longissimus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris muscles. The three methods of stunning were captive-bolt, electric shock and oral dantrium (dantrolene sodium, a muscle relaxant) followed by captive-bolt. The three muscles were significantly different to each other in some of the quality traits, but the responses to treatments were similar in the three muscles. Without dantrium, captive-bolt stunning resulted in reduced muscle pH at 45 min postmortem and a greater water exudation in muscles at either 1 h or 24 h postmortem compared to electrically stunned pigs. Dantrium treatment followed by captive-bolt stunning eliminated these differences. Key words: Pigs, PSE, stunning, muscle relaxant, dantrolene

A NEW MUSCLE RELAXANT DRUG, PRESTONAL

1959 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28???29
Author(s):  
J. R. WOODSIDE ◽  
J. DEL ROSARIO ◽  
J. McKEWEN ◽  
D. STUBBS ◽  
GORDON M. WYANT
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Muscle Relaxant Drug

Dantrolene sodium (dantrium)

1976 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 61-63
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Dantrolene Sodium ◽  
Direct Acting

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium - Eaton) has been advertised as a muscle relaxant for patients with spasticity, with claims that it is ‘the only direct-acting antispastic agent’.

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