Nutrition and Exercise Reduce Excessive Weight Gain in Normal-Weight Pregnant Women

Abstract Background Pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain were related to perinatal outcomes. It was not know the changes of pre-pregnancy body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy and its effect on perinatal outcomes in two-child women.Methods This was a retrospective study. Data of single term women delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were collected from July 2017 to June 2018. Gestational weight gain criteria of the American Institute of Medical Research and pre-pregnancy body mass index classes were used to evaluate the effects on pregnancy outcomes.Results A total of 3049 cases were enrolled in the study. Overweight cases was 9.0% and obesity was 2.4%. The weight gain of the two-child women was less than that of primipara(12.4±3.9vs13.3±4.0kg, P<0.001). The proportion of primipara with excessive weight gain was higher compared to two-child women(20.1%versus17.3%, P<0.001). There were 40.0% overweight primipara and 55.2% of two-child women had excessive weight gain. And 40.5% primipara and 54.5% two-child women of obesity had excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Obese primipara increased the risk of pre-eclampsia (aOR2.38, 95%CI 0.76-7.46). And the odds of diabetes mellitus and large for gestational age also increased in this group (aOR3.49, 95%CI 1.46-8.35 and aOR7.65, 95%CI 1.83-31.97, respectively). Two-child women had similar results. Underweight primipara with excessive weight gain increased the pre-eclampsia risk (aOR2.26, 95%CI 0.29-17.46). Normal weight and overweight/obese primipara also had similar results. But in two-child women, only overweight/obesity increased the risk of pre-eclampsia (aOR2.01, 95%CI 0.41-9.98). Underweight two-child women with less weight gain increased the risk of diabetes(aOR2.06, 95%CI 0.43-9.8). Two-child women with overweight/obese increased the odds of LGA even if they had less weight gain(aOR2.58, 95%CI 0.11-63.22). Normal weight primipara and two-child women with overweight and obese with excessive weight gain had similar results. On the other way, underweight primipara with less weight gain increased the risk of SGA(aOR1.74, 95%CI 0.81-3.76).Conclusions Gestational weight gain of two-child women was less than primipara. Overweight/obese women with excessive weight gain of two-child women increased the risk of adverse outcomes.

Download Full-text

The feasibility and acceptability of regular weighing of pregnant women by community midwives to prevent excessive weight gain: RCT

Pregnancy Hypertension ◽

10.1016/j.preghy.2014.03.014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 233-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Daley ◽

K. Jolly ◽

A. Lewis ◽

S. Clifford ◽

S. Kenyon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Excessive Weight ◽

Community Midwives

Download Full-text

Excessive Weight Gain Followed by Catch-Down in Exclusively Breastfed Infants: An Exploratory Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10091290 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1290 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Melanie Larsson ◽

Mads Lind ◽

Anni Larnkjær ◽

Anette Due ◽

Irina Blom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Fat Mass ◽

High Serum ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Milk Intake ◽

Leptin Resistance ◽

Serum Leptin ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Breastfed Infants ◽

Excessive Weight

Some infants experience excessive weight gain (EWG) during exclusive breastfeeding, but causes and consequences are unknown. The objective was to identify factors associated with early EWG. Infants with EWG (HW-group) were examined at 5, 9 and 18 mo and compared to a breastfed group with normal weight gain (NW-group). Anthropometry, body composition, milk and blood samples, and milk intake were measured. Mean body-mass-index-for-age z-scores (BAZ) increased 1.93 from birth to 5 mo in the HW-group (n = 13) while the NW-group (n = 17) was unchanged (−0.01). The HW-group had 70% more fat mass at 5 mo, and then showed marked catch-down in BAZ from 5 to 18 mo (−0.84). Milk intake at 5–6 mo did not differ between the groups. In the HW-group milk-leptin was lower at 5 mo and serum-leptin was considerably higher at 5 and 9 mo compared to the NW-group. Serum-leptin at 5 mo was positively associated with weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) and fat mass and negatively with WAZ change from 5 to 9 mo. In conclusion, breastfed infants with EWG had catch-down growth when other foods were introduced. Low milk-leptin in the HW-group may have stimulated appetite and milk intake when weight gain was high. High serum-leptin in the HW-group suggests early leptin resistance, which could impact cerebral regulation of energy intake. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results.

Download Full-text

Gestational weight gain, nutritional status and blood pressure in pregnant women

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000880 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 57 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chiara Alzineth Silva Campos ◽

Maira Barreto Malta ◽

Paulo Augusto Ribeiro Neves ◽

Bárbara Hatzlhoffer Lourenço ◽

Marcia C Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

The Third ◽

Excessive Weight ◽

Prevalence Ratios

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether weekly gestational weight gain is associated with anemia, vitamin A insufficiency, and blood pressure levels in the third trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: A prospective study with 457 pregnant women attending primary care in Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre. The weekly gestational weight gain rate measured between the second and third trimesters was classified as insufficient, adequate, and excessive according to the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine 2009. The outcomes at the beginning of the third gestational trimester were: anemia (Hb < 110 g/L), vitamin A insufficiency (serum retinol<1.05 μmol/L) and blood pressure levels (continuous values, in mmHg). Age-adjusted prevalence ratios, schooling, and use of vitamin and mineral supplements were calculated in Poisson regression models with robust variance. RESULTS: A total of 18.6% of pregnant women had insufficient weekly weight gain, and 59.1% had excessive weight gain. The frequencies of anemia, vitamin A insufficiency and hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg) were 17.5%, 13.4%, and 0.6%, respectively. The prevalence ratios for anemia among pregnant women with insufficient and excessive weight gain were 0.41 (95%CI 0.18–0.93) and 1.00 (95%CI 0.63–1.59), respectively, when compared to pregnant women with adequate weight gain. For vitamin A insufficiency, the adjusted prevalence ratio was significantly higher among pregnant women with insufficient weight gain (2.85, 95%CI 1.55–5.24) and no difference for excessive weight gain (1.53, 95%CI 0.84–2.74) when compared to pregnant women with adequate weight gain. Pregnant women with excessive weight gain had higher mean systolic blood pressure (111.10; 95%CI 109.9–112.2) when compared to pregnant women with insufficient weight gain (107.50; 95%CI 105.4–109.6) and adequate (106.20; 95%CI 104.3–108.20). CONCLUSIONS: Insufficient weekly gestational weight gain was associated with the risk of vitamin A insufficiency. Excessive weight gain, in turn, was associated with higher blood pressure values at the beginning of the third gestational trimester.

Download Full-text

Systematic review of clinical trials on dietary interventions to prevent excessive weight gain during pregnancy among normal weight, overweight and obese women

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/1471-2393-11-81 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 158

Author(s):

Ida Tanentsapf ◽

Berit L Heitmann ◽

Amanda RA Adegboye

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Obese Women ◽

Dietary Interventions ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Excessive Weight ◽

Weight Gain During Pregnancy

Download Full-text

Preventing Excessive Weight Gain among Publicly Insured Pregnant Women

Journal of Community Health ◽

10.1007/s10900-011-9539-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 1066-1070 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Laura Rosenbloom ◽

Elizabeth Buchert ◽

Rosanne Vasiloff ◽

Joseph Feinglass ◽

Xinqi Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Excessive Weight ◽

Publicly Insured

Download Full-text

P525 Genetic polymorphism of β3-adrenergic receptor in pregnant women with excessive weight gain

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.1016/s0020-7292(09)62015-4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 107 ◽

pp. S562-S562

Author(s):

K. Drews ◽

A. Seremak-Mrozikiewicz ◽

G. Kurzawinska ◽

M. Barlik ◽

P. Mrozikiewicz

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Adrenergic Receptor ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Excessive Weight

Download Full-text

Associated factors with excessive weight gain in pregnant women from Maceió, Northeastern Brazil

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232020258.23492018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 3017-3026

Author(s):

Raphaela Costa Ferreira ◽

Micaely Cristina dos Santos Tenório ◽

Marilene Brandão Tenório ◽

Carolina Santos Mello ◽

Alane Cabral Menezes de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Institute Of Medicine ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Excessive Weight ◽

Maternal Hyperglycemia

Abstract This article aims to evaluate the associated factors with excessive weight gain in pregnant women from Maceió, the capital of Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil. Cross-sectional study with pregnant women attended in public health in the city of Maceió in 2014, of which socioeconomic, clinical (glycemia, capillary hemoglobin, and blood pressure measurement), dietary, and anthropometric data, including in the latter gestational weight gain, classified as insufficient, adequate and excessive according to the US Institute of Medicine, were collected. The combination of excessive weight gain with the independent variables was tested using the Poisson regression expressed by the Prevalence Ratio (PR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI95%). We studied 403 pregnant women with a mean age of 24.08 ± 6.01 years, with 19.9% of them displayed insufficient weight gain; 14.1% displayed adequate weight gain, and 66.0% displayed excessive weight gain, that was associated with maternal hyperglycemia (PR = 1.35; CI95% = 1.17 to 1.57; p < 0.001). Excessive weight gain is common among pregnant women evaluated with the association of this variable with maternal hyperglycemia.

Download Full-text