scholarly journals Cliometrics and the Nobel

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Goldin
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Royal Swedish Academy ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In October 1993, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics to Robert William Fogel and Douglass Cecil North ‘for having renewed research in economic history.’ The Academy noted that ‘they were pioneers in the branch of economic history that has been called the ‘new economic history,’ or ‘cliometrics." In this paper, the author addresses what this cliometrics is and how these two Nobel Prize winners furthered the discipline of economics.

scholarly journals STEM Education for Girls and Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AISDL
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Stem Education ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Stem Fields ◽  
Royal Swedish Academy ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The award of the 2020 Noble Prize in chemistry by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to Dr Emmanuel Charpentier and Dr Jennifer A. Doudna for the development of a method for genome editing does not only highlight the potential and promise that girls and women hold in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields, but also that girls and women can excel to the highest level and achieve prominence in these careers. Sadly though, Dr Charpentier and Dr Doudna are only the sixth and seventh women, out of a total of 185 individuals, to have won the Nobel Prize in chemistry since the annual prize was awarded in 1901.i This implies that in the history of the Nobel Prize in chemistry, for every female winner there are 26 male winners. And in the history of all the Nobel Prizes in the sciences, there have been 20 female laureates of the more than 600 prizes awarded in physiology or medicine, chemistry and physics. These ratios reflect the gender disparity and inequality that exists in STEM fields globally.

Places of ‘invention and discovery’ and the Nobel Prize in Physics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Orrman-Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Royal Swedish Academy ◽  
Nobel Prizes ◽  
Nobel Laureates ◽  
Nobel Prize In Physics ◽  
Research Excellence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The Nobel Prize has acted as a surrogate record of invention and discovery throughout the twentieth century. Based on this surrogacy, many claims are made regarding both trends in research and claims for places of research excellence. In this paper I propose that any analysis should be weighted by the ‘prize share’ made by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to each recipient. In addition, I argue for a focus on the organization and period when the prize-winning research was carried out, rather than when the award was made and the often quoted ‘affiliated organization at the time of award’. I use this to briefly examine types of invention and discovery for all Nobel Prizes in Physics awarded to date (1901–2019). I then use this ‘place’ lens to briefly explore trends in invention and discovery in the awarding of the Nobel Prize in Physics. I conclude by drawing attention to the difference between institutions claiming Nobel Laureates and institutions where Nobel Prize-winning discoveries and inventions have been made.

scholarly journals The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie André
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Southern California ◽  
University Of Southern California ◽  
Royal Swedish Academy ◽  
Multiscale Models ◽  
Complex Chemical ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

On Wednesday, 9 October 2013, which was the scheduled date of the official announcement of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, the permanent secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Professor Staffan Normark announced that the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was to be awarded jointly to Martin Karplus (Harvard and Strasbourg), Michael Levitt (Stanford), and Arieh Warshel (University of Southern California at Los Angeles) for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems.

ABEL PRIZE AS THE FLAGSHIP OF WORLD MATH ADVANCES

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Nataliya V. Grishina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Famous Scientist ◽  
International Authority ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time

The annual prize, awarded by the Norwegian Academy of Sciences, bears the name of the famous scientist Niels-Henrik Abel and has a reputation as a Nobel Prize for mathematicians, with its size in terms of money of about $1 million. Since Alfred Nobel, in his will, determined the range of scientific areas for the payment of bonuses that did not include mathematics, the Norwegian mathematician Sofus Lee at the end of his life devoted all his efforts and his international authority to create a foundation for awarding prizes to mathematicians. He wanted to give the award the name of Niels Henrik Abel, also a Norwegian mathematician. The article presents a historical background for the formation of the Abel Prize. The winners of the main mathematical prize for all the years of its existence and their major achievements are shown. Among laureates of the Abel Prize there are outstanding scientists from 11 countries: France, Great Britain, Lebanon, USA, Hungary, Sweden, India, Belgium, Russia, Canada and Israel. Three times the prize was at once awarded to two scientists. And in 2019, for the first time ever the woman – Karen Keskalla Uhlenbeck – professor, American mathematician, became the winner of the prestigious mathematics award.

Otto Meyerhof, 1884 - 1951

1954 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-200 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Artistic Development ◽  
School Life ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Long Period ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Foreign Member

Otto Meyerhof was born on 12 April 1884 in Berlin and died in Philadelphia on 6 October 1951 at the age of 67; he was the son of Felix Meyerhof, who was born in 1849 at Hildesheim, and Bettina Meyerhof, nee May, born in 1862 in Hamburg; both his father and grandfather had been in business. An elder sister and two younger brothers died long before him. In 1923 he shared the Nobel prize for Physiology (for 1922) with A. V. Hill. He received an Hon. D.C.L. in 1926 from the University of Edinburgh, was a Foreign Member (1937) of the Royal Society of London, an Hon. Member of the Harvey Society and of Sigma XI. In 1944 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. Otto Meyerhof went through his school life up to the age of 14 without delay, but there is no record that he was then brilliant. When he was 16 he developed some kidney trouble, which caused a long period of rest in bed. This period of seclusion seems to have been responsible for a great mental and artistic development. Reading constantly he matured perceptibly, and in the autumn of 1900 was sent to Egypt on the doctor’s advice for recuperation.

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