Otto Meyerhof, 1884 - 1951

1954 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-200 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Artistic Development ◽  
School Life ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Long Period ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Foreign Member

Otto Meyerhof was born on 12 April 1884 in Berlin and died in Philadelphia on 6 October 1951 at the age of 67; he was the son of Felix Meyerhof, who was born in 1849 at Hildesheim, and Bettina Meyerhof, nee May, born in 1862 in Hamburg; both his father and grandfather had been in business. An elder sister and two younger brothers died long before him. In 1923 he shared the Nobel prize for Physiology (for 1922) with A. V. Hill. He received an Hon. D.C.L. in 1926 from the University of Edinburgh, was a Foreign Member (1937) of the Royal Society of London, an Hon. Member of the Harvey Society and of Sigma XI. In 1944 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. Otto Meyerhof went through his school life up to the age of 14 without delay, but there is no record that he was then brilliant. When he was 16 he developed some kidney trouble, which caused a long period of rest in bed. This period of seclusion seems to have been responsible for a great mental and artistic development. Reading constantly he matured perceptibly, and in the autumn of 1900 was sent to Egypt on the doctor’s advice for recuperation.

scholarly journals Understanding the human brain: A lifetime of dedicated pursuit

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenjie Xia
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Montreal Neurological Institute ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Important Landmark ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Distinguished Contribution ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

As a pioneer in the field of neuropsychology, Dr. Brenda Milner has contributed to many important landmark discoveries in the study of memory and temporal lobes, the lateralization of hemispheric function in language, as well as the role of frontal lobes in problem-solving. She is a fellow of the Royal Society (London) and the Royal Society of Canada, and a Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences (USA). She has been recognized with numerous prestigious awards throughout her career, the latest of which include the Donald O. Hebb Distinguished Contribution Award in 2001, the Neuroscience Award from the United States National Academy of Science in 2004 and the Gairdner Award in 2005. Dr. Milner received her undergraduate degree at the University of Cambridge in 1939 and completed her PhD under the supervision of Dr. Donald Hebb at McGill University in 1952. She joined the Montreal Neurological Institute in 1950 to work with Dr. Wilder Penfield. Dr. Milner is presently the Dorothy J. Killam Professor of Psychology at the Montreal Neurological Institute and the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery of McGill University. I spent an afternoon with Dr. Milner on May 12th, 2006, where she shared with me her thoughts on her work, her perspective on the past and future of cognitive neuroscience, as well as her advice for students beginning in research.

scholarly journals Valentine Louis Telegdi. 11 January 1922 — 8 April 2006

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 291-304
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Academic Career ◽  
University Of Chicago ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Wolfgang Pauli ◽  
Electromagnetic Interactions ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Experimental Physicist ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Valentine Telegdi was an outstandingly original experimental physicist who contributed greatly to our understanding of the weak and electromagnetic interactions of elementary particles. Outspoken and colourful in expression, Telegdi (usually called ‘Val’) had the reputation of being a ‘conscience of physics’, known for his incisive and sometimes acerbic wit. In this respect he was reminiscent of Wolfgang Pauli, one of his teachers, whom he greatly admired. However, Val could be warm and caring to friends, professional associates and students. After receiving his doctorate from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich in 1950, he began his academic career at the University of Chicago in 1951, and his reputation grew rapidly. In 1968 he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. In 1972 the University of Chicago appointed him as the first Enrico Fermi Distinguished Service Professor of Physics.

scholarly journals Anne Marie Treisman. 27 February 1935—9 February 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 407-430
Author(s):  
Daniel Kahneman ◽  
Deborah Treisman
Keyword(s):  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Scientific Enterprise ◽  
White House ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
University Of Louisville ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Attention And Perception ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The psychologist Anne Treisman dedicated her career to the study of attention and perception, a central concern of cognitive science. While still a graduate student, she modified and reformulated the leading theory of auditory attention. Her discoveries and insights into the role of visual attention in the perception of objects, to which she devoted her subsequent decades of research, have had a lasting influence, not only in experimental psychology but also in vision research, neuroscience and artificial intelligence. In a period of rising interest in the brain, her foundational theories inspired thousands of experiments in her own field and others, and the originality and precision of her experimental design confirmed the continued relevance of behavioural research to the scientific enterprise. Treisman's accomplishments were recognized by the National Academy of Sciences in the USA in 1994 and by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1995. In 1996, she became the first psychologist to win the Golden Brain Award. She received the University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Psychology in 2009, and was awarded the National Medal of Science by President Barack Obama at a White House ceremony in 2013.

scholarly journals A Conversation with Theda Skocpol

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Theda Skocpol ◽  
Eric Schickler
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
American Political Science Association ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
American Political Science

An interview with Theda Skocpol took place at Harvard University in December 2017. Professor Skocpol is the Victor S. Thomas Professor of Government and Sociology at Harvard University. Skocpol is the author of numerous books and articles well known in political science and beyond, including States and Social Revolutions, Protecting Soldiers and Mothers, Diminished Democracy: From Membership to Management in American Civic Life, and The Tea Party and the Remaking of Republican Conservatism (the latter coauthored with Vanessa Williamson). Skocpol has served as President of the American Political Science Association and the Social Science History Association. Among her honors, she is an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, and the National Academy of Sciences, and she was awarded the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science. She was interviewed by Eric Schickler, the Jeffrey & Ashley McDermott Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. The following is an edited transcript; a video of the entire interview can be viewed at https://www.annualreviews.org/r/theda-skocpol .

IX General Assembly of the International Council of Scientific Unions

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-250
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Hungarian Academy ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Monday Afternoon ◽  
International Council ◽  
Geological Sciences ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Opening Session

At the invitation of the Royal Society the IX General Assembly of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) was held in London from 25 to 28 September 1961. The last occasion when the Council held a General Assembly in London was in 1946, the IV Assembly of this body to which fifty-one nations now adhere and fourteen international scientific unions constitute the scientific members. The General Assembly was preceded by meetings of the Bureau and of the Executive Board which took place in the rooms of the Royal Society, but the number of delegates who came to this country for the plenary sessions of the International Council was well over 100 and it was necessary to find accommodation for them beyond the limits of Burlington House. Meetings were held in the School of Pharmacy of the University of London. After registration in the morning of Monday, 25 September, the delegates were welcomed by Sir Howard Florey, P.R.S., and the opening session on Monday afternoon was presided over by the President of the International Council of Scientific Unions, Sir Rudolph Peters, F.R.S. The newly formed International Union of Geological Sciences was admitted to ICSU as a general union and became the fourteenth scientific member of the Council. The Council admitted as national members the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the Academy of Sciences of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Korean Academy of Sciences, the Ghana Academy of Learning, the Ceylon Association for the Advancement of Science and the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin.

scholarly journals Correspondence with foreign Academies, Societies and other bodies

1946 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Future ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The following exchange of messages took place between the Royal Society and the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. in July 1941, following the attack on Russia by Germany: ‘President and Council of Royal Society, London, send greetings of Royal Society to National Academy of Sciences of U.S.S.R., Moscow. Our countries stand firm as partners in struggle against wanton aggression and our united efforts will ensure that the future of science is not endangered by destruction of those freedoms in which has thrived the work of the great scientists of both our countries enshrined in records of past achievements of present. In the struggle science has already made, and will continue to make, essential contributions to victory.'

COCORP: Nevada areas, Part I and Part II

Geophysics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 2281-2281
Author(s):  
S. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Dartmouth College ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Princeton University ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Rice University ◽  
Executive Group ◽  
Geological Sciences ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling (COCORP) announces the availability of the data packages and digital tapes for two areas: Nevada area, Part 1, lines 4, 5, and 6 covering 270.1 line‐km; and Nevada area, Part II, lines 1, 2, 3, and 7 covering 273 line‐km. The costs are the costs of reproduction and shipping, only. The COCORP operation is part of the U.S. Geodynamics Program sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences and funded by the National Science Foundation. The executive group of the consortium consists of representatives from Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Princeton University, Rice University, and the University of Wisconsin. Cornell University is the operating institution. The line locations for the two areas are shown in Figure 1. Also shown is Nevada line 8 which is not yet ready for distribution but which will be part of the N. Cal‐Nevada package to be issued shortly. Petty‐Ray was the contractor for the data acquisition. Processing was done on the Megaseis system at Cornell by students and staff of the Department of Geological Sciences.

scholarly journals VIII.—The Electrical Resistance of Nickel at High Temperatures

1887 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-198
Author(s):  
Cargill G. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Electric Conductor ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
The University

In the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh for 1874–75 there is a short paper on the “Electrical Resistance of Iron at a High Temperature.” It is the record of certain experiments made by three of us, then students in the Physical Laboratory of the University of Edinburgh; and its conclusion is that there is a peculiarity in the behaviour of iron as an electric conductor at the temperature of a dull red heat. At this temperature other physical peculiarities are known to exist, particularly as regards its thermal expansion, its thermal capacity, and its specific heat for electricity. The discovery of these striking properties we owe respectively to Dr Gore, Professor Barrett, and Professor Tait.

Two letters by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Otto Warburg ◽  
Biographical Memoir ◽  
University Of Berlin ◽  
The University ◽  
Foreign Member

WHILE collecting information for the Royal Society Biographical Memoir of Professor Otto Warburg, Foreign Member R.S., I came across two unpublished letters of W. C. Rontgen addressed to Otto Warburg’s father, Emil Warburg, at that time Professor of Physics at the University of Berlin. The letters are in the possession of Dr Peter G. Meyer-Viol, of Maastricht, Holland, a grandson of Emil Warburg. Both letters are concerned with the discovery of the X-rays. The first was written four weeks after the first publication on this subject, the second fifteen months later.

scholarly journals Van Rensselaer Potter: An Intellectual Memoir

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER J. WHITEHOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Cancer Metabolism ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
License Plate ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
The University ◽  
Van Rensselaer Potter ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Van Rensselaer Potter was the first voice to utter the word “bioethics,” yet he is too little appreciated by the bioethics community. My expectations for my first visit with Professor Van Rensselaer Potter were primed by conversations with leaders and historians of the field of biomedical ethics, including Warren Reich, Al Jonsen, and David Thomasma. When mentioning my interest in environmental ethics and my concerns for the current state of biomedical ethics, I was told that I must meet Van. On my first visit to Madison, Wisconsin, Van met me at the McArdle Laboratories for Cancer Research at the University of Wisconsin, where he spent essentially his entire academic career as a basic oncological researcher. He was dressed informally and driving a rusting1984 Subaru station wagon with a license plate that read YES ZPG. We spent this first portion of our visit at the Institute where he is an Emeritus Professor and has contributed to understanding cancer metabolism as recognized by his election to the National Academy of Sciences. However, Van felt most at home in his shack located outside Madison. This country retreat included a rather primitive hut surrounded by acres of property owned by the family. I felt at the heart of Van's world when I sat in one of a pair of inexpensive plastic outdoor chairs in a particularly secluded part of the woods on the property, the place where Van himself communed with nature.

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