scholarly journals The mitochondrial genome of an asymmetrically cell-fused rapeseed, Brassica napus, containing a radish-derived cytoplasmic male sterility-associated gene

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Arimura ◽  
Shungo Yanase ◽  
Nobuhiro Tsutsumi ◽  
Nobuya Koizuka
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility

scholarly journals Organelle genome composition and candidate gene identification for Nsa cytoplasmic male sterility in Brassica napus

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Fei Sang ◽  
De-Sheng Mei ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Qamar U. Zaman ◽  
Hai-Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Genome Composition ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Organelle Genomes ◽  
Cms Line

Abstract Background Nsa cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a novel alloplasmic male sterility system derived from somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and Sinapis arvensis. Identification of the CMS-associated gene is a prerequisite for a better understanding of the origin and molecular mechanism of this CMS. With the development of genome sequencing technology, organelle genomes of Nsa CMS line and its maintainer line were sequenced by pyro-sequencing technology, and comparative analysis of the organelle genomes was carried out to characterize the organelle genome composition of Nsa CMS as well as to identify the candidate Nsa CMS-associated genes. Results Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome showed a higher collinearity with that of S. arvensis than B. napus, indicating that Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome was mainly derived from S. arvensis. However, mitochondrial genome recombination of parental lines was clearly detected. In contrast, the chloroplast genome of Nsa CMS was highly collinear with its B. napus parent, without any evidence of recombination of the two parental chloroplast genomes or integration from S. arvensis. There were 16 open reading frames (ORFs) specifically existed in Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome, which could not be identified in the maintainer line. Among them, three ORFs (orf224, orf309, orf346) possessing chimeric and transmembrane structure are most likely to be the candidate CMS genes. Sequences of all three candidate CMS genes in Nsa CMS line were found to be 100% identical with those from S. arvensis mitochondrial genome. Phylogenetic and homologous analysis showed that all the mitochondrial genes were highly conserved during evolution. Conclusions Nsa CMS contains a recombined mitochondrial genome of its two parental species with the majority form S. arvensis. Three candidate Nsa CMS genes were identified and proven to be derived from S. arvensis other than recombination of its two parental species. Further functional study of the candidate genes will help to identify the gene responsible for the CMS and the underlying molecular mechanism.

scholarly journals Candidate Gene Selection for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) through Whole Mitochondrial Genome Sequencing

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Qiaohua Lu ◽  
Yixin Ai ◽  
Yihao Wang ◽  
Tiantian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Gene Selection ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Cms Line

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), which is controlled by mitochondrial genes, is an important trait for commercial hybrid seed production. So far, genes controlling this trait are still not clear in pepper. In this study, complete mitochondrial genomes were sequenced and assembled for the CMS line 138A and its maintainer line 138B. The genome size of 138A is 504,210 bp, which is 8618 bp shorter than that of 138B. Meanwhile, more than 214 and 215 open reading frames longer than 100 amino acids (aas) were identified in 138A and 138B, respectively. Mitochondrial genome structure of 138A was quite different from that of 138B, indicating the existence of recombination and rearrangement events. Based on the mitochondrial genome sequence and structure variations, mitochondrion of 138A and FS4401, a Korean origin CMS line, may have inherited from a common female ancestor, but their CMS traits did originate separately. Candidate gene selection was performed according to the published characteristics of the CMS genes, including the presence SNPs and InDels, located in unique regions, their chimeric structure, co-transcription, and transmembrane domain. A total of 35 ORFs were considered as potential candidate genes and 14 of these were selected, with orf300a and 0rf314a as strong candidates. A new marker, orf300a, was developed which did co-segregate with the CMS trait.

A binary vector-based large insert library for Brassica napus and identification of clones linked to a fertility restorer locus for Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhong Wu ◽  
Lomas Tulsieram ◽  
Quangzhou Tao ◽  
Hong-Bin Zhang ◽  
Steven J Rothstein
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Plant Transformation ◽  
Transformation Efficiency ◽  
Binary Vector ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Chromosome Walking ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Plant Transformation Vector

We constructed and characterized a large DNA insert library for Brassica napus that would facilitate genome-related research and map-based cloning efforts in Brassica species. This library, consisting of 92 160 clones arrayed in 384-well microtiter dishes, was based on a conventional plant transformation vector (binary vector), and was constructed using a single ligation with transformation efficiency of over 5000 recombinants per microliter of ligation mixture. Every clone in this library contains an insert in the size range of 30-190 kb, facilitating both chromosome walking and plant transformation. Screening this library with three DNA markers (C2, F10, and CabR) that are linked to a fertility restorer locus for Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) identified at least 17 positive clones for each probe. Among the 17 positive clones identified by C2, nine are linked to the restorer locus. Marker F10 identified 21 clones, of which only two are linked to the restorer locus. None of 68 clones identified by CabR is linked to the restorer locus. A stability test using two clones identified by the C2 marker indicated that large DNA inserts are stable in this conventional vector in both Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium. Key words: Brassica napus, binary vector, large DNA insert library, restorer gene.

scholarly journals SEARCH OF FERTILITY REGULATORS FOR POLIMA TYPE CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY OF SPRING RAPE (Brassica napus L.) AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Igor Pastukhov ◽  
Vladimir Karpachev
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Fertility Restorers

One of the prior directions in modern rapeseed breeding is making heterotic hybrids. Seed production of most hybrids F1 used in production are often carried out by two types of cytoplasmic male sterility, there are Polima and Ogura. At the All-Russian Rapeseed Research Institute, fertility restorers on sterile cytoplasm were made and estimated for the main valuable characteristics and biochemical properties. The purpose of the study was to create reducing agents necessary for obtaining highly productive hybrids on the Polima type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). The object of research was 56 varieties of Brassica napus L., which were chosen in 2013. The setting of experiments, observations, records and analyzes were carried out using the field plot technique, the methodology of field experiments, the method of statistical data processing. It is noted that hybrids F1 had more productivity than the parental forms and the standard (Ratnik and Rif). Promising reducing agents of cytoplasmic male sterility of the Polima type were identified, which ensured complete restoration of fertility in sterile lines with CMS of the Polima type. The reducing agent LHR-1 is of practical interest for the creation of hybrids on the Polima CMS.

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