scholarly journals Η συμβολή των ωτοακουστικών εκπομπών στη μελέτη της κοχλιακής λειτουργίας σε ασθενείς με υποθυρεοειδισμό

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Βασίλειος Ψαλτάκος
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Hearing Thresholds

Although several reports exist concerning the occurrence of hearing loss in patients withdisorders of thyroid function, there are still several unsettled issues, such as theincidence and the severity of hearing impairment, the anatomic site of the auditorypathway involved, and the possible pathogenetic mechanisms. Both congenitalhypothyroidism and environmentally based iodine deficiency are established causes ofhearing loss in humans and rodents. Congenital thyroid deficiency in humans can resultin a profound, hearing deficit, which may be prevented by early hormonal replacementtreatment in infants with hypothyroidism. However, the effect of acute or chronichypothyroidism in adults has not been adequately studied, and most information hasbeen obtained from animal experiments, whereas research in humans has been basicallybased on behavioral audiometry. The use of otoacoustic emissions may provide moreinsight into the hearing function of these patients than pure-tone audiometry, since it isconsidered as a sensitive test of the cochlear status. The aim of this study was toevaluate the hearing in a group of patients with acute hypothyroidism, using bothconventional audiometry and transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs). Material and methods:A group of 52 patients with thyroid carcinoma who underwent total thyroidectomy wasstudied prospectively, All patients were examined before surgery and 6-8 weekspostoperatively. During this period there was no replacement with levothyroxine and themagnitude of thyroxin depletion was monitored by serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. On preoperative encounter with each patient, a detailed questionnaire of historyof hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, previous ear infections, noise exposure, medications,and recent upper respiratory tract infection was completed. Patients were excluded ifthey were older than 50 years, in order to avoid the phenomenon of presbycusis, or ifthey had a history of cochleovestibular, vascular or neurologic disease, or any other riskfactor for hearing impairment. Pure-tone audiometry, tympanometry and transientlyevoked otoacoustic emissions were performed. A group of healthy volunteers of similarage and sex were used for comparison.Results:(1) Tympanograms were normal, either on initial testing (75%) or on repeat testing(25%).(2) Audiometry showed elevation of all postoperative hearing thresholds, whereas thethresholds varied significantly across frequency.(3) TEOAE testing showed response signal to noise ratios lower in the postoperativesession (hypothyroid state) than in the preoperative session on all measured frequencies.(4) Emission levels varied significantly across frequency, with maximum responseobserved at 2 kHz.(5) Comparison of significant pure-tone and otoacoustic emission shifts for individualears showed more ears affected in otoacoustic emission testing, indicating subclinicalcochlear involvement.(6) Comparison of hearing thresholds and otoacoustic emission levels between patientsand controls showed significant differences on postoperative testing. Conclusions:Acute hypothyroidism in adults causes elevation of hearing thresholds and reducedotoacoustic emissions. The effect on otoacoustic emissions is greater, indicatingsubclinical damage of the cochlear function.

scholarly journals Cochlear function in patients with chronic kidney disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Marlanie Govender ◽  
Cyril Devdas Govender ◽  
Glenda Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Drug Intake ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Cochlear Dysfunction

Objective: To evaluate cochlear functioning in patients (18 - 45 years old) with varying stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Using purposive sampling, 50 participants, 10 in each of the 5 stages of CKD, were selected and underwent pure tone audiometric testing and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs).Results: Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between pure tone audiometry and DPOAEs in detecting early cochlear dysfunction in the high-frequency range in stages 3 (6 000/5 000 Hz; p=0.00), 4 (6 000/5 000 Hz; p<0.03) and 5 (4 000/3 333 Hz; p<0.01, 8 000/6 667 Hz:p<0.05) with DPOAEs being more sensitive in identifying early cochlear dysfunction. Patients in stages 1 and 2 presented with normal puretone thresholds and DPOAEs, suggesting that cochlear functioning in these patients was normal. Early cochlear dysfunction, thereby indicating a subclinical hearing loss, was identified in stages 3, 4 and 5 by DPOAE testing. In addition, blood test results, drug intake and concomitant conditions were recorded and analysed which suggested a relationship between reduced cochlear functioning and increased electrolyte levels, treatment regimens and concomitant conditions.Conclusion: Participants in the later stages of CKD presented with early cochlear dysfunction, presenting with subclinical hearing loss. It was postulated that this subclinical hearing loss resulted from a combination of electrolytic, urea and creatinine imbalances, together with concomitant medical conditions and ototoxic drug intake. It was concluded that audiological monitoring be included in the management of patients with CKD and that DPOAEs be introduced as part of the test battery to monitor cochlear function in patients with varying degrees of CKD.

scholarly journals Hearing impairment among scuba divers in Kuantan and neighbouring regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina L. Alisaputri ◽  
Siti Hazwani Yusoh
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hearing Status

Introduction: Hearing impairment has been listed as one of the health risks associated with scuba diving. Evidence of hearing loss associated with inner ear barotrauma was found in previous studies. This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between hearing status and years, depth and total hours of diving. Methods: Thirty male divers from Kuantan and neighbouring areas, with age ranging between 22 and 45 years old, were recruited as subjects. Details regarding diving activity were gathered using a set of questionnaires. Assessment of hearing status was done using otoscopic examination, tympanometry, pure tone audiometry (PTA) and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). Results: Fifteen subjects were found to have sensorineural hearing loss at high frequencies. Pearson's correlation showed no significant correlation between pure tone hearing thresholds and years, depth and total hours of diving. Significant negative correlation was found between DPOAE at 6 kHz on the left ear and years of diving (r= -0.378, p= 0.04) and depth of diving (r= -0.404, p= 0.027). Conclusions: These findings indicate that scuba diving activity may affect cochlear function, particularly in the basal region of the cochlea.

The use of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions as a hearing screen following grommet insertion

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. 692-695
Author(s):  
O T Dale ◽  
L J McCann ◽  
D Thio ◽  
S C Wells ◽  
A J Drysdale
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Emission Testing ◽  
Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
A Prospective Study

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of transient evoked otoacoustic emission testing as a screening tool for hearing loss in children, after grommet insertion.Method:A prospective study was conducted of 48 children (91 ears) aged three to 16 years who had undergone grommet insertion for glue ear. At post-operative review, pure tone audiometry was performed followed by transient evoked otoacoustic emission testing. Outcomes for both tests, in each ear, were compared.Results:The pure tone audiometry threshold was ≤20 dB in 85 ears (93.4 per cent), 25 dB in two ears (2.2 per cent) and ≥30 dB in four ears (4.4 per cent). Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions were detected in 69 ears (75.8 per cent). The sensitivity of transient evoked otoacoustic emission testing for detecting hearing loss was 100 per cent for ≥30 dB loss but only 66.7 per cent for ≥25 dB loss.Conclusion:Transient evoked otoacoustic emission testing offers a sensitive means of detecting hearing loss of ≥30 dB following grommet insertion in children. However, the use of such testing as a screening tool may miss some cases of mild hearing loss.

Effect of mastoid drilling on hearing of the contralateral ear

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (10) ◽  
pp. 952-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Goyal ◽  
P P Singh ◽  
A Vashishth
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Contralateral Ear

AbstractObjectives:This study aimed to: understand the effect that high intensity noise associated with drilling (during otological surgery) has on hearing in the contralateral ear; determine the nature of hearing loss, if any, by establishing whether it is temporary or persistent; and examine the association between hearing loss and various drill parameters.Methods:A prospective clinical study was carried out at a tertiary centre. Thirty patients with unilateral cholesteatoma and normal contralateral hearing were included. Patients were evaluated pre-operatively and for five days following surgery using high frequency pure tone audiometry, and low and high frequency transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emission testing.Results:The findings revealed statistically significant changes in distortion product otoacoustic emissions at high frequencies (p = 0.016), and in transient evoked otoacoustic emissions at both low and high frequencies (p = 0.035 and 0.021, respectively). There was a higher statistical association between otoacoustic emission changes and cutting burrs compared with diamond burrs.Conclusion:Drilling during mastoid surgery poses a threat to hearing in the contralateral ear due to noise and vibration conducted transcranially.

scholarly journals Hearing Thresholds of Nigerian Navy Personnel Serving in Lagos Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar O Aliyu ◽  
Waheed A Adedeji ◽  
Adekunle Daniel ◽  
Tajudeen Yusuf ◽  
Paul A Onakoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Past History ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pure Tone Average ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
The Right ◽  
Navy Personnel

Abstract Introduction: Navy personnel are exposed to several risk factors that increase hearing thresholds and impair hearing. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of hearing impairment among Nigerian Navy personnel. Materials and Method: This was a cross sectional study of Nigerian Navy personnel working in various ships. Structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on hearing. All the subjects had ear examination and pure tone audiometry of both ears. Results: The prevalence of hearing impairment was 22(14.7%) in the right and 17(11.3%) in the left ears. The Pure Tone Average for the right and left ear were 19.0±8.6dB and 17.4±6.7dB respectively. There was a statistically significant association between noisy work place and total hearing loss (p<.01), pure tone average in the left ear (p<.05) and frequencies of 3000 Hz (p<.05), 2000 Hz (p<.001) and 1000Hz (p<.05) in the left ear. The association between past history of ear infections and pure tone average in the left ear (p<.05) and the frequency 2000 Hz (p<.005) in the left ear were significant. The length of service years, occupational group, age, sex report of change in hearing, non-use of hearing protection and presence of tinnitus did not show significant association with pure tone averages nor on the frequencies tested. Conclusion: The significant unilateral hearing impairment on the right ear suggests the need for more research on hearing impairment in the Nigerian Navy as well as development of a comprehensive hearing conservation programme.

Self-Reported Hearing Problems among Older Adults: Prevalence and Comparison to Measured Hearing Impairment

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (08) ◽  
pp. 550-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuli Hannula ◽  
Risto Bloigu ◽  
Kari Majamaa ◽  
Martti Sorri ◽  
Elina Mäki-Torkko
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Hearing Level ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Hearing Difficulties ◽  
Hearing Problems

Background: There are not many population-based epidemiological studies on the association between self-reported hearing problems and measured hearing thresholds in older adults. Previous studies have shown that the relationship between self-reported hearing difficulties and measured hearing thresholds is unclear and, according to our knowledge, there are no previous population-based studies reporting hearing thresholds among subjects with hyperacusis. Purpose: The aim was to investigate the prevalence of self-reported hearing problems, that is, hearing difficulties, difficulties in following a conversation in noise, tinnitus, and hyperacusis, and to compare the results with measured hearing thresholds in older adults. Research Design: Cross-sectional, population-based, and unscreened. Study Sample: Random sample of subjects (n = 850) aged 54-66 yr living in the city of Oulu (Finland) and the surrounding areas. Data Collection and Analysis: Otological examination, pure tone audiometry, questionnaire survey Results: The prevalence of self-reported hearing problems was 37.1% for hearing difficulties, 43.3% for difficulties in following a conversation in noise, 29.2% for tinnitus, and 17.2% for hyperacusis. More than half of the subjects had no hearing impairment, or HI (BEHL[better ear hearing level]0.5–4 kHz < 20 dB HL) even though they reported hearing problems. Subjects with self-reported hearing problems, including tinnitus and hyperacusis, had significantly poorer hearing thresholds than those who did not report hearing problems. Self-reported hearing difficulties predicted hearing impairment in the pure-tone average at 4, 6, and 8 kHz, and at the single frequency of 4 kHz. Conclusions: The results indicate that self-reported hearing difficulties are more frequent than hearing impairment defined by audiometric measurement. Furthermore, self-reported hearing difficulties seem to predict hearing impairment at high frequencies (4–8 kHz) rather than at the frequencies of 0.5–4 kHz, which are commonly used to define the degree of hearing impairment in medical and legal issues.

Comparison of distortion product otoacoustic emissions and pure tone audiometry in occupational screening for auditory deficit due to noise exposure

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (12) ◽  
pp. 1174-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Wooles ◽  
M Mulheran ◽  
P Bray ◽  
M Brewster ◽  
A R Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Outer Hair Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Distortion Product

AbstractObjective:To examine whether distortion product otoacoustic emissions can serve as a replacement for pure tone audiometry in longitudinal screening for occupational noise exposure related auditory deficit.Methods:A retrospective review was conducted of pure tone audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emission data obtained sequentially during mandatory screening of brickyard workers (n = 16). Individual pure tone audiometry thresholds were compared with distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes, and a correlation of these measurements was conducted.Results:Pure tone audiometry threshold elevation was identified in 13 out of 16 workers. When distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes were compared with pure tone audiometry thresholds at matched frequencies, no evidence of a robust relationship was apparent. Seven out of 16 workers had substantial distortion product otoacoustic emissions with elevated pure tone audiometry thresholds.Conclusion:No clinically relevant predictive relationship between distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitude and pure tone audiometry threshold was apparent. These results do not support the replacement of pure tone audiometry with distortion product otoacoustic emissions in screening. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions at frequencies associated with elevated pure tone audiometry thresholds are evidence of intact outer hair cell function, suggesting that sites distinct from these contribute to auditory deficit following ototrauma.

scholarly journals Hearing Characteristics of Stroke Patients: Prevalence and Characteristics of Hearing Impairment and Auditory Processing Disorders in Stroke Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 491-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehzat Koohi ◽  
Deborah A. Vickers ◽  
Rahul Lakshmanan ◽  
Hoskote Chandrashekar ◽  
David J. Werring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Brainstem Response

Background: Stroke survivors may suffer from a range of hearing impairments that may restrict their participation in postacute rehabilitation programs. Hearing impairment may have a significant impact on listening, linguistic skills, and overall communication of the affected stroke patient. However, no studies sought to systematically characterize auditory function of stroke patients in detail, to establish the different types of hearing impairments in this cohort of patients. Such information would be clinically useful in understanding and addressing the hearing needs of stroke survivors. Purpose: The present study aimed to characterize and classify the hearing impairments, using a detailed audiological assessment test battery, in order to determine the level of clinical need and inform appropriate rehabilitation for this patient population. Research Design: A case–control study. Study Sample: Forty-two recruited stroke patients who were discharged from a stroke unit and 40 control participants matched for age. Data Collection and Analysis: All participants underwent pure-tone audiometry and immittance measurements including acoustic reflex threshold, transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions, auditory-evoked brainstem response, and a central auditory processing assessment battery, performed in a single session. Hearing impairments were classified as peripheral hearing loss (cochlear and neural type), central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), and as a combination of CAPD and peripheral hearing loss. Results: Overall mean hearing thresholds were not significantly different between the control and stroke groups. The most common type of hearing impairment in stroke patients was the combination type, “peripheral and CAPD,” in the 61- to 80-yr-old subgroup (in 55%), and auditory processing deficits in 18- to 60-yr-olds (in 40%), which were both significantly higher than in controls. Conclusions: This is the first study to examine hearing function in detail in stroke patients. Given the importance of hearing for the efficiency of communication, it is essential to identify hearing impairments and differentiate peripheral and central deficits to define an appropriate intervention plan.

Hearing impairment among workers occupationally exposed to excessive levels of noise

Open Medicine ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlina Gidikova ◽  
Gospodinka Prakova ◽  
Petar Ruev ◽  
Gergana Sandeva
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Distortion Products ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Intermittent Noise ◽  
Excessive Noise

AbstractPure tone audiometry screening and ear examinations were conducted among 138 males working as machine and equipment operators occupationally exposed to intermittent noise of 85 to 105 dBA. Hearing loss up to 30 dB (preserved socially adequate hearing) was found in 25 workers. The hearing impairment was confirmed by distortion products of otoacoustic emissions measurements. A sharp increase in the frequency of cases can be found among the workers with service length over 10 years. While the frequency of the cases among workers with service length below 10 years is 5.45%, it is 26.5% among the subjects with service length over 10 years, with a gradual increase as a result of the increase in exposure duration. A positive correlation (p < 0.05) was found between the frequency of hearing impairment among the workers and the years of exposure to excessive noise levels. Some measures for preventing occupational noise-induced hearing loss were suggested.

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