scholarly journals Open quantum systems and applications to the quantum information theory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Θεοδώρα Κολιώνη
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Quantum Information ◽  
Open Quantum Systems ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Quantum Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Open Quantum

Η επιστήμη της κβαντικής πληροφορίας επιδιώκει την κατανόηση, στο ευρύτερο πλαίσιο της Κβαντομηχανικής, της πληροφορίας ως φυσικό αλλά και ως μαθηματικό εργαλείο. Έτσι, η κατανόηση των ιδιοτήτων της κβαντικής πληροφορίας (όπως π.χ. του εναγκαλισμού), κρίνεται απαραίτητη προϋπόθεση για την ανάπτυξη νέων κβαντικών τεχνολογιών. Στο πλαίσιο της διδακτορικής μου έρευνας ασχολήθηκα με α). την πλήρη κατανόηση και την περιγραφή της επικοινωνίας μεταξύ των απομακρυσμένων κβαντικών συστημάτων που αλληλεπιδρούν μέσω ενός κβαντικού πεδίου και β). την κατασκευή ενός θεωρητικού μοντέλου για την ακριβή περιγραφή του φαινομένου της μετάδοσης της πληροφορίας, η οποία δεν οδηγεί σε παραβίαση της αιτιότητας (Einstein causality). Για το σκοπό αυτό, στην παρούσα διατριβή μελετήθηκε το σύστημα των δύο εντοπισμένων ανιχνευτών (αρμονικών ταλαντωτών) που αλληλεπιδρούν μέσω ενός άμαζου βαθμωτού κβαντικού πεδίου, στην κατάσταση του κενού, μέσω μίας Unruh-DeWitt αλληλεπίδρασης. Το σύστημα αυτό είναι ισοδύναμο με ένα ανοικτό κβαντικό σύστημα (QBM model), όπου το πεδίο παίζει το ρόλο του περιβάλλοντος. Είναι ακριβώς επιλύσιμο και αποτελεί ένα μοντέλο κατάλληλο για την αντιμετώπιση θεμελιωδών προβλημάτων που αφορούν στις αλληλεπιδράσεις μεταξύ σωματιδίων και πεδίου, όπως το πρόβλημα της αιτιότητας (causality) και της τοπικότητας (locality) στις μετρήσεις κβαντικού πεδίου (quantum field measurements) που σχετίζονται και με τα πρόσφατα προτεινόμενα κβαντικά πειράματα στο διάστημα. Η ανάλυση της ακριβούς λύσης της χρονικής εξέλιξης του μοντέλου μας, οδήγησε στα ακόλουθα αποτελέσματα. i). Κοινές προσεγγίσεις που χρησιμοποιούνται για την μελέτη αντίστοιχων ανοικτών κβαντικών συστημάτων αποτυγχάνουν όταν η απόσταση μεταξύ των ανιχνευτών (συστημάτων) γίνεται ίση με την τάξη μεγέθους του χρόνου αποσύνθεσης (relaxation time) του συστήματος. Συγκεκριμένα, η μελέτη της δημιουργίας των συσχετισμών μεταξύ των απομακρυσμένων ανιχνευτών (συστημάτων) δεν περιγράφεται καλά από τη συνηθισμένη θεωρία διαταραχών (θεωρία διαταραχών 2ης τάξης) και την προσέγγιση Markov. ii). Υπάρχει μια μοναδική ασυμπτωτική κατάσταση στην οποία καταλήγει το υπό μελέτη σύστημα, η οποία είναι κατάσταση συσχετισμού (correlated state), όχι όμως κατάσταση εναγκαλισμού (entangled state), εκτός και αν η απόσταση μεταξύ των ανιχνευτών είναι τάξης μεγέθους του μήκους κύματος του ανταλλασσόμενου μεταξύ τους, κβάντου. iii). Τέλος, διαπιστώθηκε ότι η εξέλιξη των φαινομενικά εντοπισμένων παρατηρήσιμων μεγεθών είναι μη-αιτιακή. Το τελευταίο είναι μια σημαντική επίδειξη του προβλήματος των δύο ατόμων του Fermi, σε ένα σύστημα που μπορεί να επιλυθεί με ακρίβεια. Υποστηρίζουμε ότι η έννοια του εναγκαλισμού στα σχετικιστικά συστήματα, και ειδικότερα η μελέτη της φυσικής σημασίας της εξαγωγής του εναγκαλισμού από το κενό (Harvesting) απαιτεί επανακαθορισμό λόγω του προβλήματος της αιτιότητας. Το αποτέλεσμα της έρευνας αυτής, αναμένεται να συμβάλλει στην ανάπτυξη του τομέα της κβαντικής πληροφορίας, μέσα από τα αποτελέσματα που αφορούν στην κατανόηση της κβαντικής επικοινωνίαςσε μεγάλες αποστάσεις.

scholarly journals Tensor networks and graphical calculus for open quantum systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (9&10) ◽  
pp. 759-811
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Wood ◽  
Jacob D. Biamonte ◽  
David G. Cory
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Information ◽  
Open Quantum Systems ◽  
Quantum Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Bipartite State ◽  
Graphical Calculus ◽  
Open Quantum ◽  
Tensor Networks ◽  
Process Tomography

We describe a graphical calculus for completely positive maps and in doing so review the theory of open quantum systems and other fundamental primitives of quantum information theory using the language of tensor networks. In particular we demonstrate the construction of tensor networks to pictographically represent the Liouville-superoperator, Choi-matrix, process-matrix, Kraus, and system-environment representations for the evolution of quantum states, review how these representations interrelate, and illustrate how graphical manipulations of the tensor networks may be used to concisely transform between them. To further demonstrate the utility of the presented graphical calculus we include several examples where we provide arguably simpler graphical proofs of several useful quantities in quantum information theory including the composition and contraction of multipartite channels, a condition for whether an arbitrary bipartite state may be used for ancilla assisted process tomography, and the derivation of expressions for the average gate fidelity and entanglement fidelity of a channel in terms of each of the different representations of the channel.

scholarly journals Quantum Information in Relativity: The Challenge of QFT Measurements

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Charis Anastopoulos ◽  
Ntina Savvidou
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Information ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Measurement Theory ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Quantum Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Proper Extension

Proposed quantum experiments in deep space will be able to explore quantum information issues in regimes where relativistic effects are important. In this essay, we argue that a proper extension of quantum information theory into the relativistic domain requires the expression of all informational notions in terms of quantum field theoretic (QFT) concepts. This task requires a working and practicable theory of QFT measurements. We present the foundational problems in constructing such a theory, especially in relation to longstanding causality and locality issues in the foundations of QFT. Finally, we present the ongoing Quantum Temporal Probabilities program for constructing a measurement theory that (i) works, in principle, for any QFT, (ii) allows for a first- principles investigation of all relevant issues of causality and locality, and (iii) it can be directly applied to experiments of current interest.

scholarly journals IBM Q Experience as a versatile experimental testbed for simulating open quantum systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo García-Pérez ◽  
Matteo A. C. Rossi ◽  
Sabrina Maniscalco
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Open Quantum Systems ◽  
Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
Linear Optics ◽  
Open Quantum ◽  
State Generation

AbstractThe advent of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) technology is changing rapidly the landscape and modality of research in quantum physics. NISQ devices, such as the IBM Q Experience, have very recently proven their capability as experimental platforms accessible to everyone around the globe. Until now, IBM Q Experience processors have mostly been used for quantum computation and simulation of closed systems. Here, we show that these devices are also able to implement a great variety of paradigmatic open quantum systems models, hence providing a robust and flexible testbed for open quantum systems theory. During the last decade an increasing number of experiments have successfully tackled the task of simulating open quantum systems in different platforms, from linear optics to trapped ions, from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to cavity quantum electrodynamics. Generally, each individual experiment demonstrates a specific open quantum system model, or at most a specific class. Our main result is to prove the great versatility of the IBM Q Experience processors. Indeed, we experimentally implement one and two-qubit open quantum systems, both unital and non-unital dynamics, Markovian and non-Markovian evolutions. Moreover, we realise proof-of-principle reservoir engineering for entangled state generation, demonstrate collisional models, and verify revivals of quantum channel capacity and extractable work, caused by memory effects. All these results are obtained using IBM Q Experience processors publicly available and remotely accessible online.

scholarly journals Entanglement in a QFT Model of Neutrino Oscillations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Blasone ◽  
F. Dell’Anno ◽  
S. De Siena ◽  
F. Illuminati
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Information ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
Quantum Information Theory ◽  
Entanglement Measure ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Flavor Oscillations ◽  
Particle Mixing

Tools of quantum information theory can be exploited to provide a convenient description of the phenomena of particle mixing and flavor oscillations in terms of entanglement, a fundamental quantum resource. We extend such a picture to the domain of quantum field theory where, due to the nontrivial nature of flavor neutrino states, the presence of antiparticles provides additional contributions to flavor entanglement. We use a suitable entanglement measure, the concurrence, that allows extracting the two-mode (flavor) entanglement from the full multimode, multiparticle flavor neutrino states.

scholarly journals ENTANGLEMENT SHARING: FROM QUBITS TO GAUSSIAN STATES

2006 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERARDO ADESSO ◽  
FABRIZIO ILLUMINATI
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Information ◽  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Quantum Information Theory ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Tripartite Entanglement ◽  
Gaussian States ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Entanglement Sharing

It is a central trait of quantum information theory that there exist limitations to the free sharing of quantum correlations among multiple parties. Such monogamy constraints have been introduced in a landmark paper by Coffman, Kundu and Wootters, who derived a quantitative inequality expressing a trade-off between the couplewise and the genuine tripartite entanglement for states of three qubits. Since then, a lot of efforts have been devoted to the investigation of distributed entanglement in multipartite quantum systems. In this paper we report, in a unifying framework, a bird's eye view of the most relevant results that have been established so far on entanglement sharing in quantum systems. We will take off from the domain of N qubits, graze qudits, and finally land in the almost unexplored territory of multimode Gaussian states of continuous variable systems.

scholarly journals Error Avoiding Quantum Codes

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (25) ◽  
pp. 1085-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Zanardi ◽  
Mario Rasetti
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
Linear Subspace ◽  
Open Quantum Systems ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Quantum Codes ◽  
Open Quantum ◽  
Dynamical Semigroup

The existence is proved of a class of open quantum systems that admits a linear subspace [Formula: see text] of the space of states such that the restriction of the dynamical semigroup to the states built over [Formula: see text] is unitary. Such subspace allows for error-avoiding (noiseless) encoding of quantum information.

scholarly journals Relations between entanglement and purity in non-Markovian dynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 1650031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. González-Gutiérrez ◽  
Ricardo Román-Ancheyta ◽  
Diego Espitia ◽  
Rosario Lo Franco
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Teleportation ◽  
Open Quantum Systems ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Quantum Channels ◽  
Open Quantum ◽  
Markovian Dynamics ◽  
Matter Interaction ◽  
Local Quantum

Knowledge of the relationships among different features of quantumness, like entanglement and state purity, is important from both fundamental and practical viewpoints. Yet, this issue remains little explored in dynamical contexts for open quantum systems. We address this problem by studying the dynamics of entanglement and purity for two-qubit systems using paradigmatic models of radiation-matter interaction, with a qubit being isolated from the environment (spectator configuration). We show the effects of the corresponding local quantum channels on an initial two-qubit pure entangled state in the concurrence–purity diagram and find the conditions which enable dynamical closed formulas of concurrence, used to quantify entanglement, as a function of purity. We finally discuss the usefulness of these relations in assessing entanglement and purity thresholds which allow noisy quantum teleportation. Our results provide new insights about how different properties of composite open quantum systems behave and relate each other during quantum evolutions.

scholarly journals The future (and past) of quantum theory after the Higgs boson: a quantum-informational viewpoint

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2068) ◽  
pp. 20150239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkady Plotnitsky
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Quantum Information ◽  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Quantum Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Elementary Particle Physics

Taking as its point of departure the discovery of the Higgs boson, this article considers quantum theory, including quantum field theory, which predicted the Higgs boson, through the combined perspective of quantum information theory and the idea of technology, while also adopting a non-realist interpretation, in ‘the spirit of Copenhagen’, of quantum theory and quantum phenomena themselves. The article argues that the ‘events’ in question in fundamental physics, such as the discovery of the Higgs boson (a particularly complex and dramatic, but not essentially different, case), are made possible by the joint workings of three technologies: experimental technology, mathematical technology and, more recently, digital computer technology. The article will consider the role of and the relationships among these technologies, focusing on experimental and mathematical technologies, in quantum mechanics (QM), quantum field theory (QFT) and finite-dimensional quantum theory, with which quantum information theory has been primarily concerned thus far. It will do so, in part, by reassessing the history of quantum theory, beginning with Heisenberg's discovery of QM, in quantum-informational and technological terms. This history, the article argues, is defined by the discoveries of increasingly complex configurations of observed phenomena and the emergence of the increasingly complex mathematical formalism accounting for these phenomena, culminating in the standard model of elementary-particle physics, defining the current state of QFT.

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