scholarly journals Access of older people to primary healthcare services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Saydeh Dableh ◽  
Kate Frazer ◽  
Thilo Kroll
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Health System Efficiency ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Background: People across the world are living longer. This advantageous trend is escorted by an increased prevalence of chronic diseases, making healthcare needs more complex. Non-communicable diseases induce a sharply rising economic and societal cost, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), where most older people reside. In this context, the access of older people to primary health care (PHC) is vital because it brings solutions to the aforementioned issues. Furthermore, evidence strongly suggests that this approach to health ensures universal health coverage and enables health systems to adapt to rapid economic, technologic, and demographic changes. PHC improves health outcomes, health system efficiency, and health equity. Given their distinctive needs, older people face financial, geographical, social, cultural, structural, and organisational barriers, affecting their equitable access to PHC services. Therefore, many interventions have been implemented to maximise their access to PHC. This paper outlines the protocol for a scoping review that addresses the central question: What is the scope and nature of available evidence on older peoples’ access to PHC in LMICs? This includes the experience of older people having access to PHC, enabling and hindering access, outcomes of the lack of access, interventions implemented to improve access, and related theoretical frameworks. Methods: This scoping review will follow the theoretical framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. The five databases that will be searched are CINAHL, PubMed, LILACS, Embase, and Cochrane Libraries. Studies will be selected according to a set of inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data will then be mapped, extracted, and presented graphically along with a narrative report. Conclusions: The scoping review is a first step to synthesise and disseminate the literature on older people’s access to PHC. This will provide information for researchers to reorient their studies, and intel for decision-makers, enabling them to enact policies that meet older people’s needs.

scholarly journals Mobile consulting as an option for delivering healthcare services in low-resource settings in low- and middle-income countries: A mixed-methods study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205520762110334
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Harris ◽  
Motunrayo Ajisola ◽  
Raisa Meher Alam ◽  
Jocelyn Anstey Watkins ◽  
Theodoros N Arvanitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Consulting Services ◽  
Urban Sites ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Objective Remote or mobile consulting is being promoted to strengthen health systems, deliver universal health coverage and facilitate safe clinical communication during coronavirus disease 2019 and beyond. We explored whether mobile consulting is a viable option for communities with minimal resources in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We reviewed evidence published since 2018 about mobile consulting in low- and middle-income countries and undertook a scoping study (pre-coronavirus disease) in two rural settings (Pakistan and Tanzania) and five urban slums (Kenya, Nigeria and Bangladesh), using policy/document review, secondary analysis of survey data (from the urban sites) and thematic analysis of interviews/workshops with community members, healthcare workers, digital/telecommunications experts, mobile consulting providers, and local and national decision-makers. Project advisory groups guided the study in each country. Results We reviewed four empirical studies and seven reviews, analysed data from 5322 urban slum households and engaged with 424 stakeholders in rural and urban sites. Regulatory frameworks are available in each country. Mobile consulting services are operating through provider platforms ( n = 5–17) and, at the community level, some direct experience of mobile consulting with healthcare workers using their own phones was reported – for emergencies, advice and care follow-up. Stakeholder willingness was high, provided challenges are addressed in technology, infrastructure, data security, confidentiality, acceptability and health system integration. Mobile consulting can reduce affordability barriers and facilitate care-seeking practices. Conclusions There are indications of readiness for mobile consulting in communities with minimal resources. However, wider system strengthening is needed to bolster referrals, specialist services, laboratories and supply chains to fully realise the continuity of care and responsiveness that mobile consulting services offer, particularly during/beyond coronavirus disease 2019.

scholarly journals Multimorbidity Patterns and Function Among Adults in Low- and Middle-income Countries: a Scoping Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Berner ◽  
Nassib Tawa ◽  
Quinette Louw
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
And Function

Abstract BackgroundA fifth of adults in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) have multimorbid conditions, which are linked to socio-economic deprivation and aging. Multimorbidity is associated with high rates of functional problems and disability, increased healthcare utilization and lower quality of life. Literature on multimorbidity and associations with function is mostly from high-income countries (HICs) and focused among adults. Data regarding patterns and their impact on person-centered outcomes are limited. There is need for research into understanding common patterns of multimorbidity, and their association with functional impairment, particularly in LMICs. Therefore, the need for evidence-based, and context-relevant strategic policy, planning and delivery models for health and rehabilitation services is imperative in attaining Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The planned scoping review aims to provide an overview of the scope and nature of existing literature on multimorbidity patterns and function among adults in LMICs. MethodsA scoping review will be conducted according to a five-step framework guidance. The PRISMA-ScR guidelines will be followed in reporting. A comprehensive electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost (including MEDLINE and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL]), Scielo, Cochrane and Google Scholar will be conducted from January 1976 onwards. Studies will be included if they are primary or secondary, qualitative or quantitative research reported in English, published (between January 1976 and the search date) in a peer-reviewed journal, and describe multimorbidity patterns and associations with physical functional impairments, activity limitations or participation restrictions among adults in LMICs. Search results will be independently screened by two reviewers and data extraction will cover; study characteristics, participants’ characteristics, multimorbidity measures, patterns analysis and functional measures. Descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis will be used to synthesize and summarize the findings.DiscussionPatients with multimorbidity have unique and cross-cutting needs, hence the need for an integrated and person-centered approaches to policy, planning and delivery of medical and rehabilitation services. Considering the shift towards primary healthcare-led management of chronic diseases and UHC, the proposed scoping review is timely and the findings will provide insights into the current extent and scope of multimorbidity research, and guide future inquiry in the field. Protocol registrationOpen Science Framework (OSF), osf.io/gcy7z

scholarly journals EXAMINING THE DOUBLE BURDEN OF MALNUTRITION FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AND WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: A SCOPING REVIEW PROTOCOL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Mulimba Were ◽  
SAVERIO STRANGES ◽  
Ishor Sharma ◽  
Juan-Camilo Vargas-Gonzalez ◽  
M. Karen Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
World Health ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Introduction: The majority of the populations in Low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) are encountering the double burden of malnutrition (DBM): the coexistence of both undernutrition and overnutrition sequalae. With DBM being a new phenomenon in research, little is known about its etiology, operational definitions and risk factors influencing its manifestation. The proposed scoping review is aimed at mapping literature with regards to the DBM phenomenon among preschool children and women of reproductive age in LMICs who are among the most high-risk groups to encounter DBM. Methods: A comprehensive literature search will be conducted in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS and ProQuest Dissertations & Thesis Global. Additionally, searches in other government and institutional sources (World Health Organization website and university repositories) and forward and backward citation tracking of seminal articles will also be done. Two reviewers will independently conduct title and abstract screening and full text screening. Similarly, data extraction and coding will independently be done by two reviewers. Information extracted from included literature will be analysed qualitatively using thematic analysis approach and reported as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Ethics and Dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this study because the review is based on literature from publicly available sources. The dissemination of our findings will be done through presentations in relevant conferences and publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

scholarly journals Global AgeWatch Index and Insights

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gibran Cruz-Martinez ◽  
Gokce Cerev
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Good Quality Data ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Global AgeWatch Index and Insights by HelpAge International aim to contribute to achievement of long-term transformative change in respect to ageing and the lives of older people by advocating for better production of timely and good quality data to inform policy and program response.The Global AgeWatch Index is a composite index that measures quality of life of older people, and ranks countries based on four domains – income security, health status, enabling environment and capability. The index was developed in partnership with Professor Asghar Zaidi. The index was published during 2013-2015.The Global AgeWatch Insights is a research-based advocacy tool that examines situation of older people in low- and middle-income countries, assesses availability of relevant data and evidence to support the analysis, and identification of policy actions. The Insights are produced in partnership with AARP. The reports were launched in 2018 are planned to be released every three years with a different thematic focus. The first report focuses on the inequities of the health systems in twelve low- and middle-income countries.

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