scholarly journals reconstructIon of recombination sites in genomic structures of the strains of genotype 6 of hepatitis c virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Малов ◽  
Igor Malov ◽  
Малов ◽  
Sergey Malov ◽  
Степаненко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Recombinant Strain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Recombination Site ◽  
Complete Genomes ◽  
Recombinant Hcv ◽  
Structural Region

The encoded portion of the complete genomes of 46 strains of the genotype 6 of hepatitis C virus through bioinformat-ics RDP programs complex group of 6 recombinants strains was identified, in which 7 recombination sites were fixed. Strains correspond to the three-recombinant HCV subtypes: 6a, 6b and 6I. For each of the identified recombinant we defined parent strains from which they can be obtained. Three recombinants were obtained from parent strains of the same subtype (homologous inside subgenotypic recombination). For the remaining three recombinants parent strains were members of three different subtypes (between subgenotypic recombination). In one strain we identified a unique recombination site in a highly conservative NS3 gene. Most of the recombination sites occurred in the region of the structural genes C, E1 and E2, and in the area of non-structural genes NS5a and NS5b. In the recombinant strain DQ480518-6a two recombination site were identified. One site is located in the structural and nonstructural genes (E2 + NS1 + NS2), and a second one in non-structural region. Dimensions of recombination sites can vary from 86 to 1072 nucleotide bases. The study identified “hot spots” of recombination in the strains of genotype 6 of hepatitis C virus. The recombinants were found in the population of the three countries: the United States (from the serum of an immigrant), Hong Kong and China.The encoded portion of the complete genomes of 46 strains of the genotype 6 of hepatitis C virus through bioinformat-ics RDP programs complex group of 6 recombinants strains was identified, in which 7 recombination sites were fixed. Strains correspond to the three-recombinant HCV subtypes: 6a, 6b and 6I. For each of the identified recombinant we defined parent strains from which they can be obtained. Three recombinants were obtained from parent strains of the same subtype (homologous inside subgenotypic recombination). For the remaining three recombinants parent strains were members of three different subtypes (between subgenotypic recombination). In one strain we identified a unique recombination site in a highly conservative NS3 gene. Most of the recombination sites occurred in the region of the structural genes C, E1 and E2, and in the area of non-structural genes NS5a and NS5b. In the recombinant strain DQ480518-6a two recombination site were identified. One site is located in the structural and nonstructural genes (E2 + NS1 + NS2), and a second one in non-structural region. Dimensions of recombination sites can vary from 86 to 1072 nucleotide bases. The study identified “hot spots” of recombination in the strains of genotype 6 of hepatitis C virus. The recombinants were found in the population of the three countries: the United States (from the serum of an immigrant), Hong Kong and China.

scholarly journals 1065. Hepatitis C Virus Care Cascade Assessment–One Step Closer to Micro-Elimination

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S561-S562
Author(s):  
Jehan F Chowdhury ◽  
Anna Winston ◽  
Tanya Zeina ◽  
Hong Gi Shim ◽  
Tine Vindenes
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sustained Viral Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Viral Response ◽  
Care Cascade ◽  
Care Gaps ◽  
Hcv Antibody

Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of advanced liver disease and death. In the United States about 3.5 million people are living with HCV, but only 50% are aware of the infection, 16% are prescribed treatment, and only 9% achieve sustained viral response. The World Health Organization published an HCV elimination goal for 2030 that strives to achieve a 65% reduction in HCV-related deaths and 90% reduction in transmission. An important step toward this goal is micro-elimination at local hospitals by addressing care gaps in the HCV care cascade. Figure 1 Methods We created a retrospective cohort of patients who tested positive for HCV antibody (HCV Ab+) between 2016 and 2018 at Tufts Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts. We assessed achievement of care cascade steps including HCV viral load (VL) testing, linkage to care, treatment initiation, and sustained viral response (SVR). We also assessed patient demographics, clinical factors and HCV risk factors. We used STATA/IC 14.1 to conduct bivariate analysis to identify factors associated with loss to follow-up across each care cascade step. Results A total of 24,308 HCV antibody tests were done during this timeframe, of which 5% (n=1,222) were HCV Ab+. After excluding duplicate tests, 1,041 unique patients with HCV Ab+ were included. This cohort had a mean age of 47 years and were 61% male, 66% white, 72% on public insurance, 12% HIV-positive, 13% HCV treatment-experienced. The most frequent HCV risk factor was injection drug use, occurring in 64% of patients. Of patients with HCV Ab+, 76% (n=791) were tested for an HCV VL, of which 50% (n=393) had detectable VL and 50% (n=398) had undetectable VL. Of the patients with a detectable VL, 58% (n=226) were linked with care. Following care linkage, 69% (n=155) initiated treatment, of which 90% (n=139) completed treatment, of which 97% (n=135) achieved SVR (Figure 1). Factors that were significantly associated with getting a VL test and linking to care included private insurance, HIV co-infection, absence of intravenous drug use and cirrhosis; however, these factors were not significantly associated with achieving subsequent steps. Conclusion Assessment of the HCV care cascade at our hospital allowed us to identify clear care gaps and areas needing improvement towards a local micro-elimination. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes and Viral Concentrations in Participants of a General Population Survey in the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 478-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omana V. Nainan ◽  
Miriam J. Alter ◽  
Deanna Kruszon-Moran ◽  
Feng-Xiang Gao ◽  
Guoliang Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Population Survey ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes

Testing for Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Adults Aged ≥18 in the United States, 2013-2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110472
Author(s):  
Hope King ◽  
J. E. Soh ◽  
William W. Thompson ◽  
Jessica Rogers Brown ◽  
Karina Rapposelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Hcv Testing

Objective Approximately 2.4 million people in the United States are living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The objective of our study was to describe demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, liver disease–related risk factors, and modifiable health behaviors associated with self-reported testing for HCV infection among adults. Methods Using data on adult respondents aged ≥18 from the 2013-2017 National Health Interview Survey, we summarized descriptive data on sociodemographic characteristics and liver disease–related risk factors and stratified data by educational attainment. We used weighted logistic regression to examine predictors of HCV testing. Results During the study period, 11.7% (95% CI, 11.5%-12.0%) of adults reported ever being tested for HCV infection. Testing was higher in 2017 than in 2013 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.18-1.36). Adults with ≥some college were significantly more likely to report being tested (aOR = 1.60; 95% CI, 1.52-1.69) than adults with ≤high school education. Among adults with ≤high school education (but not adults with ≥some college), those who did not have health insurance were less likely than those with private health insurance (aOR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68-0.89) to get tested, and non–US-born adults were less likely than US-born adults to get tested (aOR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.68-0.87). Conclusions Rates of self-reported HCV testing increased from 2013 to 2017, but testing rates remained low. Demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and liver disease–related risk factors may affect HCV testing rates among adults. HCV testing must increase to achieve hepatitis C elimination targets.

scholarly journals Estimating Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2013-2016

Hepatology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1020-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan G. Hofmeister ◽  
Elizabeth M. Rosenthal ◽  
Laurie K. Barker ◽  
Eli S. Rosenberg ◽  
Meredith A. Barranco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus in Pregnancy: Case Reports and Literature Review

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Joffe
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Maternal Disease ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is now recognized as the cause of 90% of non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis. This virus is responsible for a large percentage of chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis in the United States. Parenteral and sexual transmission are well described, so a significant population of pregnant patients is at risk. Vertical transmission of the virus to the fetus is dependent upon the level of maternal viremia.Case: The cases described in the following report demonstrate that fulminant disease may present in pregnancy. They also demonstrate the cofactors promoting the severity of illness, methods of diagnosis, potential treatment, and outcome of the infection.Conclusion: HCV may be encountered in pregnancy. Although most acute-phase illness will be self limiting, some patients will manifest liver failure during gestation. Because vertical transmission to the fetus is possible, the pediatrician should be informed of the maternal disease. Chronic hepatitis is almost the rule rather than the exception, so patients require close postpartum follow-up. Interferon, which may alter the course of the chronic disease, has been used on rare occasions in pregnancy.

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