A Predictive Model of Sequential Iteration in Engineering Design

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1104-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Smith ◽  
Steven D. Eppinger
Author(s):  
George A. Hazelrigg

Models are the basis for all prediction of system behavior, and hence form a crucial element of engineering design. A key concern is the validity of such models. This paper discusses the notion of model validity and the limits of what one can say about the validity of a specific model. It is shown that predictive models, such as those used in engineering design, cannot be validated objectively. That is, the validation of a predictive model can be accomplished only in the context of a specific decision, and only in the context of subjective input from the decision maker, including preferences.


Author(s):  
Michael T. Postek

The term ultimate resolution or resolving power is the very best performance that can be obtained from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) given the optimum instrumental conditions and sample. However, as it relates to SEM users, the conventional definitions of this figure are ambiguous. The numbers quoted for the resolution of an instrument are not only theoretically derived, but are also verified through the direct measurement of images on micrographs. However, the samples commonly used for this purpose are specifically optimized for the measurement of instrument resolution and are most often not typical of the sample used in practical applications.SEM RESOLUTION. Some instruments resolve better than others either due to engineering design or other reasons. There is no definitively accurate definition of how to quantify instrument resolution and its measurement in the SEM.


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