Dry cow environment management and mastitis control in dairy herds

Livestock ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
James Breen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Mastitis Control

Advice regarding the management and importance of the dry cow environment can be difficult to offer in many dairy herds for several reasons. These may include a perception that dry cow therapy (both internal teat sealant and antibiotic) is extremely effective at preventing infection, a lack of milk recording and/or mastitis data to enable analysis of mastitis epidemiology, suboptimal housing, a fundamental lack of focus on the dry period in favour of continued focus on milking hygiene and lactating cow management, or a combination of several of these reasons. However, for many herds that struggle to control mastitis, improving the dry cow environment will pay huge dividends in terms of reducing dry period new infection and improving apparent dry period cure rate. This article sets out those areas of dry cow environment management which appear particularly important for herds and their veterinary advisors to consider, and gives examples of improved control of mastitis following dry cow interventions for a spring calving, autumn calving and all year round calving herd.

scholarly journals Intramammary infection rate during the dry period in cows that received blanket dry cow therapy : efficacy of 6 different dry-cow intra-mammary antimicrobial products

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I-M. Petzer ◽  
D.C. Lourens ◽  
T.J. Van der Schans ◽  
J.C. Watermeyer ◽  
R. Van Reenen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Significant Difference

The objectives of this study were to compare the efficacy of 6 different dry-cow intramammary antimicrobial products for the treatment and prevention of mastitis during the dry period in a well-managed high producing Friesland dairy herd, and the influence of treatment on the somatic cell count (SCC) of cows during early lactation. One of 6 dry-cow intramammary antimicrobial products was randomly allocated to 162 cows due for drying off over a period of 14 months. All cows were sampled twice prior to drying off, and twice after calving for the determination of SCC and presence of microorganisms. The quarter prevalence of pathogens at drying off and post-calving, the overall quarter cure rate and the rate of new intramammary infections occurring during the dry period were determined. The overall quarter prevalence of intramammary infections (IMIs) at drying off was 29.78 % and after calving 22.22 %.There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the prevalence of major and minor pathogens at drying off (7.87 % and 21.91 %) and at calving (4.47 % and 17.75 %). The most prevalent pathogens isolated at drying off (21.14 %) and at calving (16.98 %) were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). The quarter cure rate during the dry period was 83.94 %. The cure rate for the major pathogens (98%) was significantly better (P < 0.05) than that for minor pathogens (78.9 %).The overall quarter cure rate varied from 72.3 % to 93.9 % for the various products. The rate of new quarter infections during the dry period was 17.44 % with a significant difference (P<0.05), between the prevalence of new quarter infections with major (4.32 %) and minor pathogens (13.12 %). CNS was the most prevalent pathogen causing new quarter infections (12.34 %) and the rate o f new quarter infections varied from 13.4 % to 24.1 % for the various products.It is concluded that there is a difference in efficacy between antimicrobial intramammary dry-cow products in their ability to cure and prevent new IMIs during the dry period. Dry-cow products are mainly formulated for efficacy against Gram-positive cocci, while providing no or little protection against Gram-negative bacteria. Therapeutic levels may persist for only 14 to 28 days into the dry period and fail to protect the udder during the last trimester. Dry-cow therapy should, however, always form part of a holistic approach to the dry period which also considers cow factors, dry-cow management, microorganisms and the environment of the dry cow.

Antimicrobial-based dry cow therapy approaches for cure and prevention of intramammary infections: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Afifi ◽  
Fidèle Kabera ◽  
Henrik Stryhn ◽  
Jean-Philippe Roy ◽  
Luke C. Heider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Mastitis Control

AbstractIn dairy herds, application of antimicrobials at drying-off is a common mastitis control measure. This article describes a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to address three crucial points regarding antimicrobial usage at drying-off: (1) comparative efficacy of antimicrobials used for preventing new and eliminating existing intramammary infections (IMI); (2) comparison of selective and blanket dry cow therapy approaches in preventing new and eliminating existing IMI; and (3) assessment of the extra prevention against new IMI that can be gained from using antimicrobial-teat sealant combinations versus antimicrobials alone. Five PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome) questions were formulated to cover the three objectives of the review. Medline, CAB Abstracts, Web of Science, and conference proceedings will be searched along with iterative screening of references. Articles will be eligible if: (1) published after 1966; (2) written in English or French; and (3) reporting field clinical trials and observational studies, conducted on dairy cows at drying-off, with at least one antimicrobial-treated group and one IMI-related outcome. Authors will independently assess the relevance of titles and abstracts, extract data, and assess bias and the overall quality of evidence. Results will be synthesized and analyzed using pairwise and network meta-analysis. The proposed study will significantly update previously conducted reviews.

Efficacy of Panax ginseng extract combined with cephalexin as a dry cow therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Camila Beccaria ◽  
Celina Baravalle ◽  
Paula Silvestrini ◽  
María S. Renna ◽  
Ana I. Molineri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Cure Rates

Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of intramammary administration, at drying-off, of a Panax ginseng extract (PGe) combined with cephalexin (Ceph) on the post-calving bacteriological cure rate of pre-existing intramammary infections (IMI) and on the occurrence of new IMI during the dry period. In addition, milk yield and somatic cell count (SCC) in the post-treatment lactation were evaluated. One hundred and eight late-lactation cows were randomly divided into two experimental groups and were treated at drying-off with Ceph alone or PGe combined with Ceph.Cure rates for IMI present at drying-off were similar for both treatments (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.33–2.74). Cure rates for Staphylococcus aureus were lower (OR = 15.4, 95% CI = 1.66–142.52) in quarters treated with PGe + Ceph than in those treated with Ceph alone. Intramammary infusion of PGe + Ceph at drying-off had no effect on preventing new dry period IMI (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.38–1.51), compared with infusion of Ceph alone. Milk production and SCC in the ensuing lactation were not affected by PGe + Ceph treatment. In conclusion, addition of PGe to dry cow therapy did not show any advantage over the use of dry cow therapy alone.

Strategies for mastitis control: dry cow therapy and culling

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 179-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW BROWNING ◽  
GA MEIN ◽  
P. BRIGHTLING ◽  
TJ NICHOLLS ◽  
M. BARTON
Keyword(s):  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Mastitis Control

Managing dry cow udder health

2021 ◽  
pp. 231-264
Author(s):  
Päivi J. Rajala-Schultz ◽  
◽  
Tariq Halasa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Risk Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cow Comfort ◽  
Crucial Part

The dry period lays a foundation for a successful next lactation, especially from the udder health perspective. It is a high-risk period for acquiring new intramammary infections (IMI), but it also provides an excellent opportunity for eliminating existing subclinical infections. The way cows are dried off and milking is halted at the end of lactation impacts the involution process, mammary health and cow comfort. Antibiotic dry cow therapy (DCT) has played a crucial part in mastitis control, but due to global concerns about increasing antibiotic resistance, the approach to DCT is evolving. This chapter reviews the current knowledge about the impact of milk cessation methods (abrupt vs. gradual dry-off) on mammary involution, udder health and cow comfort. The importance of dry cow therapy is discussed, especially in the light of current global concerns related to antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Mastitis control in Swedish dairy herds

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 6883-6893 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nielsen ◽  
U. Emanuelson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Swedish Dairy ◽  
Mastitis Control
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