1920

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-267
Author(s):  
Eunan O’Halpin ◽  
Daithí Ó Corráin
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Metropolitan Police ◽  
Irish Republican Army ◽  
The People

This chapter details the deaths of the people who died in Ireland in 1920. Some of these people were victims of targeted killings by the Irish Republican Army (IRA). On January 1, 1920, William Charles Forbes Redmond was transferred to the Dublin Metropolitan Police (DMP) from the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) in Belfast, to rejuvenate the Criminal Investigation Department. The IRA learned that Redmond was staying in the Standard Hotel on Harcourt Street because secure quarters in Dublin Castle were not ready. Redmond was shot on January 21, 1920. Meanwhile, Constable Luke Finnegan of the RIC was believed to be drawing up a list of IRA suspects. Finnegan, unarmed, was shot near his home on January 22, 1920. In reprisal, police wrecked fourteen houses belonging to prominent Sinn Féiners.

How Did the Case of Jack the Ripper help the Metropolitan Police and Forensic Science

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra White
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Serial Killer ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Metropolitan Police ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jack The Ripper

This study will examine the links between the historical case of Jack the Ripper, the history of forensic science, and the advancement of policing for the Metropolitan Police and forensic in Victorian Britain. Ripper’s crimes were committed in a ‘pre-forensic science’ period, when there were no fingerprints, DNA, or crime scene investigation units to help Detectives capture sophisticated criminals, but through this case forensic science and the Metropolitan Police Force would develop into a more modern form of policing. Jack the Ripper can be considered the prototype of the definition of a serial killer, and his crimes were of a nature that police had little experience with, which meant the police force would have to develop new techniques in criminal investigation. This study will examine the early history of the Metropolitan Police, how the young police force—less than sixty years old by the first murder of Jack the Ripper—was organized, the tools available for investigating murders, how the case of Jack the Ripper led to advancements in criminal investigation and how these new techniques were used to solve other crimes. The Metropolitan Police and British pathologists—such as Dr. Bernard Spilsbury— developed new ways of catching criminals because of the Jack the Ripper case, such as crime scene preservation, profiling and the use of photography to capture crime scenes that would be used to solve the case of Dr. Crippen in 1910 and the Bathtub Murders in 1915.

1921

2020 ◽  
pp. 268-542
Author(s):  
Eunan O’Halpin ◽  
Daithí Ó Corráin
Keyword(s):  
Irish Republican Army ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Big House

This chapter looks at the deaths of the people who died in Ireland in 1921. Ex-serviceman Martin Heavy was abducted along with his mother, sister, young niece, and nephew on the night of December 30, 1920, by masked members of the Curraghboy Company, 4th Battalion, South Roscommon Brigade. Held overnight in a cattle shed, the family were taken next evening by 'mule and trap' through Knockcroghery to 'a big house'. His family were expelled, while Heavy 'was left behind with his hands tied'. Thrown into the Shannon River, his body was never recovered. Ten Curraghboy Company Volunteers were arrested in January of 1921, each suffering 'a severe beating'. Meanwhile, Michael McGrath was one of about fifty of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) who mounted an ambush at Pickardstown. McGrath was killed on the Ballinattin road; he was the first Waterford city volunteer killed during the War of Independence.

CRIME PREVENTION PROGRAMMES IMPLEMENTED BY THE POLICE IN THE AREA OF PUBLIC SAFETY

2021 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-226
Author(s):  
ŁUKASZ ŚWIERCZEWSKI ◽  
ŁUKASZ KACPROWICZ
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
The State ◽  
Metropolitan Police ◽  
The People ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Prevention Activities ◽  
National Police

The aim of this article is to indicate basic and necessary police activities related to crime prevention programmes. Thanks to these programmes and close cooperation of the state and police authorities with the people, public trust can be built and, at the same time, the effectiveness in preventing various criminal acts can be increased. The article has been based on the data obtained from the National Police Headquarters and crime prevention activities that have been already implemented, or are still being implemented by the Metropolitan Police Headquarters.

7. Victimology

2021 ◽  
pp. 187-209
Author(s):  
Angus Nurse
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
The People

This chapter assesses victimology, which has become an important sub-discipline within criminology. Victimology includes the study of victimisation as well as the challenges of legal and institutional definitions of the ‘victim’. Discussions include debates concerning victims’ rights and activism and how victimhood has come to be understood and responded to. The chapter then considers both narrow and wider ideas of victimisation, and examines whether and how criminal justice processes and public policy have developed in response to victims’ needs. While victims are really the people who the criminal investigation and trial are meant to serve, they are often not part of the process. The chapter also looks at a key part of victimology, which is the use of statistical evidence on the levels of victimisation.

1919

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Eunan O’Halpin ◽  
Daithí Ó Corráin
Keyword(s):  
Irish Republican Army ◽  
The People

This chapter describes the deaths of the people who died in Ireland in 1919. For a while, postman Daniel Joseph McGandy had been helping Michael Sheerin, who had been pilfering a stock of grenade casings in Craig's engineering works, by carrying these off in his postman's bag. On January 19, 1919, McGandy failed to attend a rendezvous with Sheerin. Next day his coat, revolver, and post bag were found on the quay outside Craig's; a week later his body was recovered from the River Foyle. It was believed 'that he had lost his life on account of unofficial hostile action'. Meanwhile, farmer James McDonnel joined the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) on October 18, 1882, serving in Wexford, the RIC Reserve, and Wexford again before transfer to Tipperary town in 1891. He died during the Soloheadbeg ambush by the Irish Republican Army (IRA) party in 1919.

The Moral Parameters of Violence: The Case of the Provisional IRA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Martyn Frampton
Keyword(s):  
Community Violence ◽  
Northern Irish ◽  
Irish Republican Army ◽  
Irish History ◽  
Moral Framework ◽  
The People ◽  
Multiple Audiences ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The One ◽  
Political Principles

Abstract Over three decades, the Provisional Irish Republican Army waged a campaign of violence that claimed the lives of some two thousand people. This article explores the moral framework by which the IRA sought to legitimate its campaign—how it was derived and how it functioned. On the one hand, the IRA relied on a legalist set of political principles, grounded in a particular reading of Irish history. An interlinked, yet discrete strand of legitimation stressed the iniquities of the Northern Irish state as experienced by Catholic nationalists, especially in the period 1968–1972. These parallel threads were interwoven to build a powerful argument that justified a resort to what the IRA termed its “armed struggle.” Yet the IRA recognized that the parameters for war were set not simply by reference to ideology but also by a reading of what might be acceptable to those identified as “the people” or “the community.” Violence was subject to an undeclared process of negotiation with multiple audiences, which served to constitute the boundaries of the permissible. Often, these red lines were revealed only at the point of transgression, but they were no less important for being intangible. An examination of the moral parameters for IRA violence provides a new perspective on the group, helping to explain IRA resilience but also its ultimate weakness and decline.

Big Copyright Versus the People

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Skladany
Keyword(s):  
The People

Politics with the People

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Neblo ◽  
Kevin M. Esterling ◽  
David M. J. Lazer
Keyword(s):  
The People
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