326 Reduction of unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester in Biodiesel Fuel by Means of a Solvent Fractionation

The anti-oxidation stability of waste oil biodiesel (WME) was evaluated on an oxidation simulator set up by the author. The results showed that oxidative stability of WME was worse than that of petrodiesel by exhibiting higher acid values and peroxide values, as well as greater viscosity increases after oxidation. Furthermore, a conjecture was taken about the configurational changes and the oxidation mechanisms of unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester molecules in the oxidation process, according to the principles of free radical reactions and the results of both infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopic analysis. An idea was put forward that, during oxidation, cis-trans isomerization might occur in unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester molecules and conjugated double-bond might produce due to transfer of double-bond.

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Studies on the Cycloaddition Reaction to Unsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Ester. V.

Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society ◽

10.5650/jos1956.20.492 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 20 (8) ◽

pp. 492-500

Author(s):

Osamu SUZUKI

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Cycloaddition Reaction ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Acid Methyl

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Anti-Oxidation Stability and its Mechanism of Soybean Biodiesel

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.339.695 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 339 ◽

pp. 695-699

Author(s):

Jiang Wu ◽

Bo Shui Chen ◽

Jian Hua Fang ◽

Jiu Wang

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Double Bond ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Oxidation Stability ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Acid Methyl ◽

Soybean Biodiesel ◽

Set Up

The anti-oxidation stability of soybean biodiesel (SME) was evaluated on an oxidation simulator set up by the author. The results showed that oxidative stability of SME was worse than that of petrodiesel by exhibiting higher acid values and peroxide values, as well as greater viscosity increases after oxidation. Furthermore, a conjecture was taken about the configurational changes and the oxidation mechanisms of unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester molecules in the oxidation process, according to the principles of free radical reactions and the results of both infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopic analysis. An idea was put forward that, during oxidation, cis-trans isomerization might occur in unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester molecules and conjugated double-bond might produce due to transfer of double-bond.

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Anti-Oxidation Stability and its Mechanism of Rapeseed Biodiesel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.287 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 772 ◽

pp. 287-291

Author(s):

Jiang Wu ◽

Bo Shui Chen ◽

Jian Hua Fang ◽

Jiu Wang

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Double Bond ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Oxidation Stability ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Acid Methyl ◽

Set Up ◽

Oxidation Mechanisms

The anti-oxidation stability of rapeseed biodiesel (RME) was evaluated on an oxidation simulator set up by the author. The results showed that oxidative stability of RME was worse than that of petrodiesel by exhibiting higher acid values and peroxide values, as well as greater viscosity increases after oxidation. Furthermore, a conjecture was taken about the configurational changes and the oxidation mechanisms of unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester molecules in the oxidation process, according to the principles of free radical reactions and the results of both infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopic analysis. An idea was put forward that, during oxidation, cis-trans isomerization might occur in unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester molecules and conjugated double-bond might produce due to transfer of double-bond.

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Tunisian Opuntia stricta Seed Oil: Extraction, Characterization, and Prediction of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Properties as Biodiesel Fuel

Chemistry of Natural Compounds ◽

10.1007/s10600-021-03435-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

I. El Mannoubi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Oil Extraction ◽

Biodiesel Fuel ◽

Acid Methyl

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Economical Efficiency of a Non-Catalytic Alcoholysis Process for Production of Biodiesel Fuel

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1219-aa01-04 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1219 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshi Nabetani ◽

Shoji Hagiwara ◽

Yasuomi Suzuki ◽

Tetsuya Araki ◽

Yasukuki Sagara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Biodiesel Fuel ◽

Methanol Vapor ◽

Acid Methyl ◽

Demonstration Plant ◽

The Cost ◽

Vapor Method

AbstractProduction of biodiesel fuel (fatty acid methyl ester) by use of conventional method (alkaline catalyst method) requires deacidification process prior to the reaction and refining process to remove the catalyst after the reaction. These processes increase total cost required for production of biodiesel fuel. In order to solve the problem, authors recently proposed a method called superheated methanol vapor method. In a process with this method, superheated methanol vapor is continuously bubbled into the oil in the reactor vessel and reacted with triglycerides to form fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol. The fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol formed flows out of the reactor together with unreacted methanol vapor and is collected using a condenser. Reaction using the superheated methanol vapor method can be conducted at atmospheric pressure. Production of fatty acid methyl ester by use of the superheated methanol vapor method does not require refining process after the reaction because no catalyst is used in this method and fatty acid methyl ester can be separated from glycerol simply by sedimentation. The method does not require deacidification process prior to the reaction because not only triglyceride but also free fatty acid can be converted into fatty acid methyl ester by use of the method. Therefore, both initial and running costs required for biodiesel production are thought to be reduced by applying the method. In order to estimate the cost required by a process based on the superheated methanol vapor method, a demonstration plant (design productivity: 400 L/d) was constructed and its efficiency was evaluated. The plant could produce 425 L of fatty acid methyl ester in a day from used frying oil. Energy consumed in each unit of the demonstration plant was measured (electrical energy and thermal energy). Based on the energy consumption data obtained with the demonstration plant, production cost required with a practical scale plant (designed productivity: 6000 kL/y) was calculated. The cost required by the practical scale plant with the superheated methanol vapor method was estimated to be 40.2 yen/L (about 40 cent/L) while the cost required by a plant with the alkaline catalyst method was 62.5 yen/L (about 62 cent/L). The estimated cost includes depreciation cost, cost of repairing, labor cost, methanol cost and energy cost (heat and electricity). Most of the energy consumed by the plant was thermal energy and the plant could be automatically controlled. Therefore, required cost will be further decreased by installing the plant next to an incineration facility because thermal energy can be supplied from the facility and the labor cost can also be supported by the facility.

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Reduce Cold Filter Plugging Point and Kinematic Viscosity of Cottonseed-Based Biodiesel Fuel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.129 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1033-1034 ◽

pp. 129-132

Author(s):

Yong Bin Lai ◽

Yu Qi Zhang ◽

Xiu Chen ◽

Yin Nan Yuan ◽

Ling Ling Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Kinematic Viscosity ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Biodiesel Fuel ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽

Acid Methyl

The chemical compositions, cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and kinematic viscosity of cottonseed methyl ester (CSME) are investigated. Through blending with-10 petrodiesel (-10PD) and treating with Flow Fit, the CFPP and kinematic viscosity of CSME are improved. The study shows that CSME is mainly composed of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), and the contents of saturated fatty acid methyl ester (SFAME) and unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester (UFAME) were 27.69% and 71.65% respectively. The CFPP and kinematic viscosity (40 °C) of CSME are-1 °C and 4.63 mm2/s respectively. Blending with-10PD decreased the CFPP of CSME to-12 °C.With temperature decreasing, the kinematic viscosities of CSME and CSME/-10PD increase. The lower the temperature is, the more differenced the kinematic viscosities of CSME and CSME/-10PD are. Treating with less than 3% (volume fraction) of Flow Fit, the CFPP of CSME and CSME/-10PD decreased significantly.

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Pyrolysis Process of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) Conversion into Biodiesel

International Journal of Research in Vocational Studies (IJRVOCAS) ◽

10.53893/ijrvocas.v1i2.21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 01-10

Author(s):

Bambang Irawan ◽

Rusdianasari ◽

Abu Hasan

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Biodiesel Fuel ◽

Crude Palm Oil ◽

Acid Methyl ◽

Biodiesel Quality

Biodiesel is a biomass fuel that can replace petroleum diesel fuel. One of the advantages of biodiesel fuel as renewable energy source that it is more environmentally friendly than fossil fuels because biodiesel significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels. FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) is a derivative product of CPO (crude palm oil) that has been treated both physically and chemically. The main advantage of FAME lies in the low content of impurities, especially sulphure and metal content. FAME comes from vegetable oil raw materials, which contain high enough fatty acids, around 61-62%, and nowadays, it is used as a mixture with petroleum diesel. The characteristics of biodiesel obtained from the conversion of FAME into biodiesel by pyrolysis at a temperature range of 160 – 200 oC indicate that the biodiesel produced is density 0.8475 kg/m3, viscosity 3.053 cSt, calculated cetane index (CCI) 48.5, flash point 59oC, moisture content 223 ppm, and sulphure content of 0.07% m/m. The results obtained are below the maximum limit of the specified biodiesel quality requirements.

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