scholarly journals An Electrophoretic Analysis of Genetic Differentiation of Cutthroat Trout Populations in the Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Robert Kitchin ◽  
Eric Loudenslager
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Snake River ◽  
Electrophoretic Techniques ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Salmo Clarki

Several subspecies of cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki, including the Snake River, Yellowstone, and Colorado cutthroat, are native to Wyoming. Because these fish have evolved in independent drainages their morphological and ecological characteristics have diverged significantly. Based upon these kinds of differences Behnke (1971, 1972) has identified two subspecies of cutthroat trout in the Snake River drainage in Wyoming. Recent fish taxonomic studies, however, also employ electrophoretic techniques to measure the extent of genetic divergence between suspected species or subspecies populations. The amount and kind of genetic variability and the extent of genetic divergence between Wyoming's cutthroat trout populations is unknown.

scholarly journals A Cytogentic Analysis of Cutthroat Trout in the Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Robert Kitchin
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Behavioral Diversity ◽  
Continental Divide ◽  
Salmo Clarki

The cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki, is the trout species native to the Rocky Mountains on both sides of the Continental Divide. The widespread distribution of cutthroat trout in several independent drainages has resulted in the formation of considerable morphological and behavioral diversity both within and between cutthroat trout populations. Behnke has described several different subspecies of Salmo clarki on the basis of their meristic serological characteristics. However, because the genetic basis of these characteristics is unknown, the results of these studies have been inconclusive for the taxonomic designations of cutthroat trout subspecies in Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks.

scholarly journals Isozyme and RAPD studies in Prosopis glandulosa and P. Velutina (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Bessega ◽  
Beatriz O. Saidman ◽  
Juan C. Vilardi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Prosopis Glandulosa ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Allozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques have been compared for their usefulness for genetic and taxonomic studies in Prosopis glandulosa and P. velutina populations. Isozymes and RAPDs yielded similarly high estimates of genetic variability. Genetic structure and differentiation were analyzed through non-hierarchical Wright's F DT. For all populations considered, both markers produced low gene flow (Nm < 1) estimates. When only P. glandulosa populations were analyzed, isozyme data yielded higher gene flow estimates (Nm > 1), in agreement with that expected for conspecific populations. However, in RAPD data the expected reduction in F DT and the increase in Nm were not observed. Correlation between F DT and geographical distance matrices (Mantel test) for all populations was significant (P = 0.02) when based on isozymes, but not so (P = 0.33) when based on RAPDs. No significant associations among genetic and geographical or climatic variables were observed. Two isoenzyme systems (GOT and PRX) enabled us to distinguish between P. glandulosa and P. velutina, but no diagnostic band for recognition of populations or species studied here were detected by RAPD. However, RAPD markers showed higher values for genetic differentiation among conspecific populations of P. glandulosa and a lower coefficient of variation than those obtained from isozymes.

scholarly journals LACK OF GENIC SIMILARITY BETWEEN TWO SIBLING SPECIES OF DROSOPHILA AS REVEALED BY VARIED TECHNIQUES

Genetics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-607
Author(s):  
Jerry A Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Geographic Populations ◽  
Electrophoretic Techniques ◽  
Drosophila Persimilis

ABSTRACT Acrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed on the enzyme xanthine dehydrogenase in sixty isochromosomal lines of Drosophila persimilis from three geographic populations. Sequential electrophoretic analysis using varied gel concentrations and buffers revealed twenty-three alleles in this species where only five had been described previously. These new electrophoretic techniques also detected a profound increase in divergence of gene frequencies at this locus between D. persimilis and its sibling species D. pseudoobscura. The implications of these results for questions of speciation and the maintenance of genetic variability are discussed.

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY AND DIVERGENCE IN GRAYLING, THYMALLUS ARCTICUS

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
J C Lynch ◽  
E R Vyse
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Gene Duplication ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Function ◽  
Thymallus Arcticus

ABSTRACT In North America there are two disjunct forms of grayling, Montana and arctic, which have been separated for approximately 75,000 to 100,000 years. Electrophoretic analysis of thirty-six protein loci in these forms has revealed: (1) levels of gene duplication comparable to other salmonids, (2) a level of heterozygosity similar to other salmonids, (3) a fast and a slow evolving set of proteins, and (4) no obvious relationship between genetic variability and enzyme function. The genetic divergence between these populations may warrant subspecific designations for these two forms.

Geographic differentiation of tropical Australian penaeid prawn populations

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Mulley ◽  
BDH Latter
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Geographic Differentiation ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Penaeid Prawn ◽  
Electrophoretic Techniques

The commercial penaeid prawns of northern Australia have been surveyed by electrophoretic techniques to determine the extent of geographic differentiation throughout their ranges in Australian waters. Genetic differences were detected among widely separated populations of P. latisulcatus and M. endeavouri, but P. esculentus, M. ensis, P, semisulcarus and P. merguiensis showed no evidence of genetic differentiation. In both P. latisulcatus and M.endeavouri the most marked differences were detected between the samples from the Gulf of Carpentaria and Western Australia. The measures of genetic divergence between these two regions are Φ* = 0.127 for P. latisulatus and 0.214 for M. endeavouri.

EFFECT OF VARIOUS HORMONES ON THE KIDNEY RESPIRATION RATES IN THE CUTTHROAT TROUT (SALMO CLARKI CLARKI)

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (III) ◽  
pp. 428-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Salmo Clarki

ABSTRACT Relatively large doses of vasopressin administered intraperitoneally to the trout significantly enhanced the kidney respiration rate. In contrast to vasopressin a single dose of oxytocin depressed the kidney Qo2 value. This depression continued throughout the observed 24 hour period after injection. Cortisol enhanced the kidney Qo2 values significantly and to a greater extent than vasopressin. These results are discussed in relation to possible adaptive mechanism in euryhaline species of teleosts.

Food Specialization By Individual Trout

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Bryan ◽  
P. A. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Repeated Observation ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Salmo Clarki

Analyses of stomach contents showed that the kinds of prey eaten by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were seldom distributed at random among the individuals. Repeated observation of food eaten by individuals in a stream and ponds showed that prey types were eaten in proportions which were characteristic for an individual.Specialization occurred on several different kinds of prey. Although the degree of specialization was higher during shorter intervals, the data suggested that some specialization persisted for half a year. There were no striking correlations between degree of specialization and other individual properties such as size, growth rate, weight of food, number of food items, previous specialization, or area of recapture.In addition to the observations on trout in relatively undisturbed habitats, a field experiment was conducted using laboratory-reared rainbow trout held in small ponds. The food of each trout in the experiment was sampled repeatedly. In analysis of variance, interaction among the individuals and kinds of prey eaten showed that food specialization occurred. Both the absolute and relative abundance of potential prey were constant during the experiment.

Genetic variability in the natural populations of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae), detected by RAPD markers and by esterase isozymes

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Coelho-Bortolo ◽  
C.A. Mangolin ◽  
A.S. Lapenta
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree

AbstractLasioderma serricorne (F.) is a small cosmopolitan beetle regarded as a destructive pest of several stored products such as grains, flour, spices, dried fruit and tobacco. Chemical insecticides are one of the measures used against the pest. However, intensive insecticide use has resulted in the appearance of resistant insect populations. Therefore, for the elaboration of more effective control programs, it is necessary to know the biological aspects of L. serricorne. Among these aspects, the genetic variability knowledge is very important and may help in the development of new control methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability of 11 natural populations of L. serricorne collected respectively in three and four towns in the states of Paraná and São Paulo, Brazil, using 20 primers random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and polymorphisms of esterases. These primers produced 352 polymorphic bands. Electrophoretic analysis of esterases allowed the identification of four polymorphic loci (Est-2, Est-4, Est-5 and Est-6) and 18 alleles. Results show that populations are genetically differentiated and there is a high level of genetic variability within populations. The high degree of genetic differentiation is not directly correlated to geographical distance. Thus, our data indicate that movement of infested commodities may contribute to the dissemination of L. serricorne, facilitating gene flow.

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