scholarly journals Late-Quaternary Vegetation History of Jackson Hole, Wyoming

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
Cathy Barnosky
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Hole Area ◽  
Jackson Hole ◽  
History Of

During the late Quaternary, the Jackson Hole area has reen repeatedly glaciated-the most recent and least extensive ice advance occurred during the Pinedale Glaciation (ca. 25,000-9,000 yr B.P.; Love and Reed, 1971). The objective of this research is to study the vegetation history of Jackson Hole since Pinedale time, as a means of interpreting the development and stability of modern plant communities. The research is based on an examination of pollen and plant-macrofossiil records contained in lake-sediment cores collected near the former ice margin. The environmental history of this region is poorly known and the paleoecological information provided by this study should help fill a gap in our understanding of the vegetation, climate, and glacial history of the Northern Rocky Mountains.

scholarly journals Late-Glacial and Postglacial Vegetation and Climate of Jackson Hole and the Pinyon Peak Highlands, Wyoming

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Cathy Barnosky
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
National Park ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Jackson Hole ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

The late-Quaternary vegetation history of the northern Rocky Mountains has thus far been inferred largely from isolated records. These data suggest that conifer forests were established early in postglacial time and were little modified thereafter. The similarity of early postglacial vegetation to modern communities over broad areas gives rise to two hypotheses: (1) that glacial refugia were close to the ice margin, and (2) that vegetation soon colonized the deglaciated areas and has been only subtly affected by climatic perturbations since that time. It is the goal of this project to test these two hypotheses in the region of Grand Teton National Park.

scholarly journals Vegetational and Climatic History of Jackson Hole and Vicinity

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Cathy Barnosky
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Broad Area ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Jackson Hole ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History ◽  
Second Year

The objectives of this project, now in its second year, have not changed significantly from that of the proposal. Prior to this study, the late-Quaternary vegetation history of the northern Rocky Mountains had been inferred largely from isolated pollen records. These data suggested that conifer forests were established early in postglacial time and were little modified thereafter. The similarity of past vegetation to modern communities over a broad area gives rise to two hypothesis: (1) glacial refugia were c1ose to the ice margin, and (2) vegetation soon colonized the deglaciated areas and has been only subtly affected by climatic perturbations since that time. It is the goal of this project to test these hypotheses in the region of Grand Teton National Park.

scholarly journals Late-Quaternary Vegetational and Climatic History of the Yellowstone/Grand Teton Region

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Cathy Barnosky
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Sediment Chemistry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History

The research underway has focused on two different aspects of the environmental history of the Yellowstone/Grand Teton region. One objective has been to examine the long-term vegetational and climatic history of Jackson Hole, the Pinyon Peak Highlands, and Yellowstone Park since the end of late Pinedale glaciation, about 14,000 years ago. Fossil pollen in sediment cores from lakes in the region is being analyzed to clarify the nature and composition of ice-age refugia, the rate and direction of plant migrations in the initial stages of reforestation, and the long-term stability of postglacial communities. Sedimentary charcoal also is being examined to reconstruct fire frequency during different climatic regions and different vegetation types in the past. This information is necessary to assess the sensitivity of plant communities to environmental change and to understand postglacial landscapes of the northern rocky Mountains. The second objective has been a multidisciplinary investigation of the relationship of climate to sedimentation rates in lakes and ponds in Yellowstone, undertaken with Drs. Wright, D.R. Engstrom and S.C. Fritz of the University of Minnesota. This facet of the research examines the relative importance of climate, fire, hillslope erosion induced by overgrazing, and nutrient enrichment in the last 150 years, as recorded in selected lakes in the northern range of Yellowstone. Populations of elk and bison are known to have fluctuated greatly during this interval, and slight climatic changes are suggested from other lines of research. In this study pollen, diatoms, charcoal, sediment chemistry, and sediment accumulation rates are analyzed in short cores from small lakes.

scholarly journals Late-Quaternary Vegetational and Climatic History of the Yellowstone/Grand Teton Region

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Cathy Barnosky
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lake Systems

The research underway focuses on the vegetational history of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and the response of plant communities to environmental changes of varying intensity and duration. Four studies are in progress and at different stages of completion. In two investigations, processes operating on time scales of centuries and millennia are being studied to reconstruct the long-term environmental changes of the last 14,000 years. In a third study, a time scale of decades or less helps to clarify the nature of Yellowstone's northern range prior to and since the establishment of the Park. Finally, focusing on a time scale of years or less, we are investigating the sedimentary inputs in the aftermath of the 1988 fires to determine the processes by which lake sediments record fire events. An examination of the paleoecologic record on these different time scales provides information on the relative sensitivity of plant communities and lake systems to long-term and short-term disturbances, and adds to our knowledge of the postglacial history of the northern Rocky Mountains.

Late Quaternary sedimentation on the southwestern Scotian Slope, eastern Canada: relationship to glaciationGeological Survey of Canada Contribution 20070176.

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thian Hundert ◽  
David J.W. Piper
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Scotian Shelf ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Glacial Retreat ◽  
Air Gun ◽  
Continental Slopes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Seismic Reflection Profiles

The sedimentary record on continental slopes has the potential to preserve a record of glacial retreat on the adjacent continental shelf. The glacial history of the southwestern part of the Scotian Shelf is poorly known. Air-gun and high-resolution sparker profiles and numerous sediment cores up to 10 m long have been used to determine the character of sedimentation on the southwestern Scotian Slope since the last glacial maximum (LGM). Seismic-reflection profiles show that glacial till was deposited at shallow depths on the upper continental slope, and correlation to dated piston cores farther downslope show that this till dates from the LGM. Slope sedimentation at this time was dominated by local ice and deposited as plume fallout and turbidites. Progressively increasing importance of red-brown sediment derived from glacial supply to Laurentian Channel indicates retreat of ice from the shelf edge and diminishing supply of proglacial sediment from the calving embayment in the mid-Scotian Shelf. With the termination of distal proglacial sediment supply, the sedimentation rate diminished rapidly and hemipelagic sedimentation prevailed through the Holocene.

Late Quaternary Water-Level Variations and Vegetation History at Crooked Pond, Southeastern Massachusetts

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Shuman ◽  
Jennifer Bravo ◽  
Jonathan Kaye ◽  
Jason A. Lynch ◽  
Paige Newby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Dramatic Rise

AbstractSediment cores collected along a transect in Crooked Pond, southeastern Massachusetts, provide evidence of water-level changes between 15,000 cal yr B.P. and present. The extent of fine-grained, detrital, organic accumulation in the basin, inferred from sediment and pollen stratigraphies, varied over time and indicates low water levels between 11,200 and 8000 cal yr B.P. and from ca. 5300 to 3200 cal yr B.P. This history is consistent with the paleohydrology records from nearby Makepeace Cedar Swamp and other sites from New England and eastern Canada and with temporal patterns of regional changes in effective soil moisture inferred from pollen data. The similarities among these records indicate that (1) regional conditions were drier than today when white pine (Pinus strobus) grew abundantly in southern New England (11,200 to 9500 cal yr B.P.); (2) higher moisture levels existed between 8000 and 5500 cal yr B.P., possibly caused by increased meridonal circulation as the influence of the Laurentide ice sheet waned; and (3) drier conditions possibly contributed to the regional decline in hemlock (Tsuga) abundances at 5300 cal yr B.P. Although sea-level rise may have been an influence, moist climatic conditions during the late Holocene were the primary reason for a dramatic rise in water-table elevations.

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