Abstract
In Poland all lignite mines are dewatered with the use of large-diameter wells. Drilling of such wells is inefficient owing to the presence of loose Quaternary and Tertiary material and considerable dewatering of rock mass within the open pit area. Difficult geological conditions significantly elongate the time in which large-diameter dewatering wells are drilled, and various drilling complications and break-downs related to the caving may occur.
Obtaining higher drilling rates in large-diameter wells can be achieved only when new cutter bits designs are worked out and rock drillability tests performed for optimum mechanical parameters of drilling technology.
Those tests were performed for a bit ø 1.16 m in separated macroscopically homogeneous layers of similar drillability. Depending on the designed thickness of the drilled layer, there were determined measurement sections from 0.2 to 1.0 m long, and each of the sections was drilled at constant rotary speed and weight on bit values.
Prior to drillability tests, accounting for the technical characteristic of the rig and strength of the string and the cutter bit, there were established limitations for mechanical parameters of drilling technology:
P ∈ (Pmin; Pmax)
n ∈ (nmin; nmax)
where: Pmin; Pmax - lowest and highest values of weight on bit,
nmin; nmax - lowest and highest values of rotary speed of bit,
For finding the dependence of the rate of penetration on weight on bit and rotary speed of bit various regression models have been analyzed. The most satisfactory results were obtained for the exponential model illustrating the influence of weight on bit and rotary speed of bit on drilling rate. The regression coefficients and statistical parameters prove the good fit of the model to measurement data, presented in tables 4-6.
The average drilling rate for a cutter bit with profiled wings has been described with the form:
Vśr= Z ·Pa· nb
where: Vśr- average drilling rate,
Z - drillability coefficient,
P - weight on bit,
n - rotary speed of bit,
a - coefficient of influence of weight on bit on drilling rate,
b - coefficient of influence of rotary speed of bit on drilling rate.
Industrial tests were performed for assessing the efficiency of drilling of large-diameter wells with a cutter bit having profiled wings ø 1.16 m according to elaborated model of average rate of drilling. The obtained values of average rate of drilling during industrial tests ranged from 8.33×10-4 to 1.94×10-3 m/s and were higher than the ones obtained so far, i.e. from 181.21 to 262.11%.
Dual gradient drilling: a pilot test of decanter centrifuge for CAPM technology