scholarly journals Retroperitoneal paraganglioma: a chameleon masquerading as an adrenal pheochromocytoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. e62-e65 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Parmar ◽  
A Chandna ◽  
S Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Vena Cava ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Rare Tumours ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Adrenal Pheochromocytoma ◽  
Suprarenal Mass ◽  
One Year ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Retroperitoneal paragangliomas are rare tumours arising from neural crest cells located near or in the autonomic nervous system; right from the skull bass to the pelvic floor. Often called the great masqueraders, their diagnosis and treatment is often difficult and fraught with danger, considering the close proximity of these tumours to important retroperitoneal organs. A 29-year-old woman presented to the outpatient department with complaints of paroxysms of headache, sweating and palpitations for one year. She was found to have elevated urinary metadrenalines (metanephrines) and a suprarenal mass on contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen, which demonstrated increased tracer activity on I-131 iodine-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy. Adrenal pheochromocytoma was diagnosed and she underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy after stabilisation of her blood pressure. Laparoscopy revealed a large suprarenal mass with dense adhesions to the inferior vena cava that was carefully separated from the vein and surrounding structures. The cut section revealed a heterogeneous mass encasing a normal adrenal gland and histopathology confirmed the same, confirming the final diagnosis of retroperitoneal paraganglioma.

scholarly journals Anatomic Considerations for Injection of the Lateral Atlanto-Axial Joint

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2115-2119
Author(s):  
Charis McNabney ◽  
Anesh Chavda ◽  
Hatim Alabsi ◽  
Stephanie L Sellers ◽  
Darra T Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Vertebral Arteries ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Preprocedural Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiogram ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Atlanto Axial Joint ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Abstract Objective We aimed to define the potential complications of intra-articular steroid injections into the lateral C1-2 articulations and safety margins to the relevant structures. Methods A total of 488 contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiogram (CTA) “arch to vertex” studies were retrospectively reviewed for theoretical intersection of the vertebral artery or thecal sac and distance of the named structures from the anticipated/theoretical trajectory of injection into the lateral C1-C2 joint. Results Patients were 60.4±15.8 years old and 55.5% male. In total, seven vertebral arteries and 11 thecal sac theoretical intersections were found. In cases without a direct intersection, the distance from the trajectory (range) was 0.71±0.18 (0.22–1.44) cm to the vertebral artery and 0.6±0.22 (0.14–1.8) cm to the thecal sac. Conclusions Although injection of steroid into the lateral C1-C2 articulation for pain management has historically been reported to carry risk of severe complications due to close proximity and location variability of surrounding structures, our study quantifies the potential risk of such injections. Further, our analysis suggests that preprocedural imaging should be considered.

scholarly journals Deep Venous Thrombosis and Agenesis of the Inferior Vena Cava: Typical Presentation Infrequent Anomaly

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Castro L
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Abnormalities of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare. Its embryological development occurs between the sixth and eighth week of gestation, and depends on the persistence or regression of 3 pairs of veins: the posterior cardinal veins, the sub cardinal veins and the supra cardinal veins. The type of congenital alteration depends the moment that embryogenesis is altered. The most frequent clinical presentation is deep vein thrombosis, which occurs mainly in young men. Other clinical presentations are pelvic venous congestion and chronic venous insufficiency. The diagnosis requires a high diagnostic suspicion, and it is mainly through contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis. The treatment will depend on the type of malformation and its presentation.

scholarly journals A rare oesophageal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour treated by endoscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. e66-e68
Author(s):  
ZY Fang ◽  
HX Huang ◽  
C Lu ◽  
XX Zhou ◽  
F Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumour ◽  
Poor Appetite ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Mesenchymal Neoplasm ◽  
Oesophageal Tumour ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour is a mesenchymal neoplasm that mostly involves the lung and rarely involves the oesophagus. Surgery has been most commonly used for the treatment of oesophageal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours but there are no definite guidelines for their diagnosis and treatment. We describe the case of a 60-year-old woman presenting with dysphagia and poor appetite who was diagnosed with a submucosal oesophageal tumour by contrast enhanced computed tomography and ultrasonography endoscopy. She was treated successfully by endoscopic submucosal dissection with no complications. The final diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examination.

scholarly journals Transfusion-Dependent Anemia in a Simultaneous Pancreas and Kidney Transplant Recipient

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jeevan Prakash Gopal ◽  
David Taube ◽  
John Martin ◽  
Simona Deplano ◽  
Saral Desai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipient ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

A case of transfusion-dependent anemia in a simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) transplant recipient that masqueraded as gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is described. The anemia was attributed to bleeding from the donor duodenal cuff based on balloon enteroscopy findings. The patient underwent multiple contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans and multiple endoscopies with confounding features until, eventually, the diagnosis was established. We discuss the diagnostic difficulties and the therapeutic dilemma, along with the pitfalls in ascertaining the final diagnosis.

The left brachiocephalic vein ‘spur’: A cadaveric and contrast computed tomography study

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 690-697
Author(s):  
Hiroki Mitsuoka ◽  
Munekazu Naito ◽  
Yusuke Ohmichi ◽  
Makiyo Hagihara ◽  
Kanae Umemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Cadaveric Study ◽  
Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Left Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Objectives This study investigated the presence of the ‘spur’ which separates the lumen in the left brachiocephalic vein (LBV). Method We macroscopically observed the lumen of the bilateral brachiocephalic veins and the superior vena cava in 56 cadavers. The samples were treated with haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunostaining using an α-smooth muscle action antibody. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography images from 170 subjects were analysed. Results The septal structure was found in only 7% of LBVs included in the cadaveric study and 1.2% of LBVs included in the contrast-enhanced computed tomography image analysis. In the cadaveric study, the septal structure was identified as a ‘spur’ using histopathology. In both studies, a non-septal structure was found in the right brachiocephalic vein. Conclusions This is the first report indicating the existence of an LBV ‘spur’.

Right Intraventricular Hydatid Cyst of the Heart

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheed A Saad ◽  
Khalid MA Amer ◽  
Marcello Migliore ◽  
Tarek Aziz ◽  
Ahmed Azzu
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Uneventful Recovery ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

A 32-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath and palpitations. Echocardiography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a 4 × 5 cm cyst in the apex of the right ventricle. The cyst was excised on cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient made an uneventful recovery. At the one-year follow-up, she was symptom-free and without recurrence. Different clinical aspects of cardiac hydatid cyst and its surgical management are reviewed.

Vestibular Syndrome Due to a Choroid Plexus Papilloma in a Ferret

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne van Zeeland ◽  
Nico Schoemaker ◽  
Maartje Passon-Vastenburg ◽  
Marja Kik
Keyword(s):  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Choroid Plexus Papilloma ◽  
Head Tilt ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Mustela Putorius ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
The Right ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Plexus Papilloma

A 6-year-old, castrated male ferret (Mustela putorius furo) was presented with progressive neurological signs consisting of a right-sided head tilt and ataxia. Neurological examination revealed hemiparesis and absence of proprioception on the right side, consistent with central vestibular syndrome. Measurement of blood glucose excluded hypoglycemia due to insulinoma. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed the presence of an intracranial mass, consistent with either granuloma or neoplasia. Palliative treatment with prednisolone yielded no improvement. At postmortem examination, a final diagnosis of a choroid plexus papilloma originating from the fourth ventricle was made. This is the first report of such a tumor in a ferret.

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