Residential Characteristics, Social Factors, and Mortality Among Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Transitions Out of Nursing Homes

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Hsieh ◽  
Tamar Heller ◽  
Sally Freels
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Residential Characteristics ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Abstract The present study examined the degree to which residential characteristics and social factors are associated with mortality, after controlling for personal characteristics, among adults with intellectual disabilities who have resided in nursing homes (facilities providing skilled care and related services) at baseline in the Chicago area. Initial assessments were conducted on 330 residents, and 2 follow ups were performed over 10 years. Seventy-one residents had died by the end of the study. The variables examined included personal characteristics of age, gender, intellectual level, health, and adaptive behavior; residential characteristics of type of residence, size of facility, attractiveness of physical environment (cleanliness, conditions, and aesthetic appeal), and diversity of physical environment (personalization of residents' rooms and distinctiveness of all living spaces); and social factors of family involvement and community integration. The results indicated, beyond age, adaptive behavior, and health, that size of residences, residential characteristics, and social factors are related to mortality.

scholarly journals Evidence for Reciprocal Interaction Effects Among Adults with Self-Injury and Their Caregivers

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. Wolff ◽  
Jamie Clary ◽  
Vickie N. Harper ◽  
James W. Bodfish ◽  
Frank J. Symons
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Residential Center ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Abstract Patterns of caregiver responses to client adaptive behavior were compared between adults with intellectual disabilities with and without self-injurious behavior. Participants with moderate to profound intellectual disability and self-injury (n  =  89) and age/IQ matched control participants (n  =  20) were selected from a large sample of adults living in a regional residential center. Approximately 45 minutes of direct observation data were collected for each participant during unstructured leisure time. Data were sequentially analyzed and Yule's Q scores derived and compared among groups. Results indicated that caregivers were more responsive to prosocial initiations and adaptive engagement among individuals with severe self-injurious behavior than to those with mild or no self-injurious behavior and that these responses were more likely to be in the form of a demand.

scholarly journals Enhancing Autonomy through the Occupational Engagement of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Supported Employment Model Applied by the Polish Association for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities (Branch in Zgierz)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-203
Author(s):  
Grażyna Mikołajczyk-Lerman ◽  
Małgorzata Potoczna
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Occupational Engagement ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Personal Functioning

Reflections presented in this paper reverberate with the current social discourse based on respect for human rights, with heavy emphasis put on the active policy of employment of persons with disabilities. Improvement of the employment support system seems to be one of the most efficient forms of integrating this previously excluded and marginalized group of people into the mainstream social life. It is especially important in the case of persons with intellectual disabilities, who often remain in a particularly difficult situation for many reasons. Enhancing their autonomy via occupational engagement may be beneficial both at the individual (improved personal functioning) and macro (reduced costs for the state and welfare system) levels. The authors of this paper reflect upon the development and implementation of best practices in terms of building an effective mechanism of promoted social participation and the occupational engagement of persons with intellectual disabilities in an open social environment. This seems to create a real chance for community integration, to which these persons have the inalienable right, although so far they have often been left out of the mainstream social life.

Adaptive Behavior Among Adults With Intellectual Disabilities and Its Relationship to Community Independence

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Woolf ◽  
Christine Merman Woolf ◽  
Thomas Oakland
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Behavior Assessment ◽  
Adaptive Behavior Assessment System ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Community Supports ◽  
Residential Independence

Abstract This study examined relationships between general adaptive behavior and the degree of community independence displayed by 272 adults with intellectual disabilities. Specifically, the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System—Second Edition (ABAS-II; Harrison & Oakland, 2003) was completed for each participant and compared with actual levels of work and residential independence. The participants' adaptive behavior accounted for 40%–43% of the variance in their work and residence independence. The results from this field-based study indicated that participants who displayed higher levels of adaptive behavior generally worked and lived more independently. Participants with the lowest general adaptive behavior required the highest degree of community supports. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Aging in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Tracy Lazenby-Paterson ◽  
Hannah Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Swallowing Disorders ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

The literature recognizes the important role of the Speech and Language Pathologist (SLP) in the treatment of communication and swallowing disorders in children with Intellectual Disabilities (ID). However there is also a need to emphasize the importance of specialist SLP input across the lifespan of people with ID, and to recognize the specific, ongoing and changing communication and swallowing needs of adults with ID as they get older.

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