Attenuated Total Internal Reflection Infrared Mapping Microspectroscopy of Soft Materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori L. Lewis ◽  
André J. Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Diffraction Limit ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy ◽  
Soft Samples ◽  
Polymer Laminates

Attenuated total internal reflection (ATR) infrared mapping microspectroscopy of soft samples is reviewed and investigated by using cartridge-based germanium hemispheres. The study demonstrates the use of these devices for obtaining line scans or maps of soft pliable surfaces over an area of approximately 100 × 100 micrometers. An experimental determination of the spatial resolution by using a cross-sectioned polymer film showed a twofold improvement over transmission infrared microspectroscopy for sample sizes at the diffraction limit. Optical details of the devices are discussed in the context of ATR measurements in addition to their application for the study of polymer laminates often encountered in industry and forensics.

The Advantages of an Attenuated Total Internal Reflection Infrared Microspectroscopic Imaging Technique for the Analysis of Polymer Laminates

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Ling ◽  
André J. Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Polymer Laminates

AbstractUntil recently, the analysis of polymer laminates using infrared microspectroscopy involved the painstaking separation of individual layers by dissection or by obtaining micrometer thin cross-sections. The latter usually requires the expertise of an individual trained in microtomy and even then, the very structure of the laminate could affect the outcome of the spectral results. The recent development of attenuated total internal reflection (ATR) infrared microspectroscopy imaging has provided a new avenue for the analysis of these multilayer structures. This report compares ATR infrared microspectroscopy imaging with conventional transmission infrared microspectroscopy imaging. The results demonstrate that the ATR method offers improved spatial resolution, eliminates a variety of competing optical processes, and requires minimal sample preparation relative to transmission measurements. These advantages were illustrated using a polymer laminate consisting of 11 different layers whose thickness ranged in size from 4–20 μm. The spatial resolution achieved by using an ATR-FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) imaging technique was diffraction limited. Contrast in the ATR images was enhanced by principal component analysis.

Attenuated Total Internal Reflection Infrared Microspectroscopy For The Study Of Trace Contaminants In Aqueous Solutions.

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 66-67
Author(s):  
Andre’ J. Sommer ◽  
Mark Hardgrove
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Molecular Spectroscopy ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Attenuated Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy ◽  
Transmission Measurements ◽  
Major Emphasis

Over the past several years many developments have taken place in the field of molecular spectroscopy. For Raman spectroscopy many of the improvements have arisen from technological innovations that include diode-based lasers, holographic notch filters and charged coupled detectors. In contrast, a majority of the developments in infrared spectroscopy have been in the area of new sampling accessories. A major emphasis has been placed on attenuated total internal reflection (ATR) accessories. The devices are allowing infrared spectroscopy to be employed in process control environments and quality control laboratories where the method is not only robust but has the advantages of limited sample preparation and/or in situ analysis.In the realm of microspectroscopy, ATR accessories have the added advantages of providing better spatial resolution, equal to or higher S/N for equivalent sample size compared to transmission measurements and most importantly the ability to collect spectra of small samples without the adverse effect of diffraction. One accessory which was developed several years ago is known as the Split-Pea.

A Comparison of Immersion Infrared Microspectroscopy to Attenuated Total Internal Reflection Microspectroscopy

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (S02) ◽  
pp. 1298-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Lavalle ◽  
A. J. Sommer ◽  
G. M. Story ◽  
A. E. Dowery ◽  
C. Marcott
Keyword(s):  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.

Attenuated Total Internal Reflection Infrared Mapping Microspectroscopy Using an Imaging Microscope

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
André J. Sommer ◽  
Louis G. Tisinger ◽  
Curtis Marcott ◽  
Gloria M. Story
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Focal Plane ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Focal Plane Array ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Attenuated Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Rapid Acquisition ◽  
Infrared Microscope

Attenuated total internal reflection (ATR) infrared mapping microspectroscopy using an infrared microscope and a focal plane array is investigated and reported. The study demonstrates the advantages of conducting ATR microspectroscopy using a focal plane array detector. These benefits include the rapid acquisition of molecular specific images, ease of sample preparation, and increased spatial resolution. An experimental determination of the spatial resolution found that the combined system operates very close to the diffraction limit, and a 4 magnification factor associated with the germanium internal reflection element was realized. Experiments conducted on several polymer samples and a biological sample demonstrate the future viability of the method.

Diffraction-Induced Stray Light in Infrared Microspectroscopy and its Effect on Spatial Resolution

1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1633-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Sommer ◽  
J. E. Katon
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Stray Light ◽  
Model Experiments ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Polymer Laminates

Model experiments were conducted in an effort to quantitatively assess the extent of stray light, resulting from diffraction, in an FT-IR microscope system. The effects of stray light were studied under conditions employing different aperturing modes, aperture sizes, and wavelengths of light. Results and consequences of the findings are discussed with respect to the spatial resolution and quantitative integrity of the data obtainable in mapping analyses of multilayer polymer laminates.

High frequency attenuated total internal reflection light modulator

1992 ◽  
Vol 61 (21) ◽  
pp. 2500-2502 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Solgaard ◽  
F. Ho ◽  
J. I. Thackara ◽  
D. M. Bloom
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Attenuated Total Internal Reflection
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