scholarly journals Spectroscopic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Effect of Solvent Polarity on the Fluorescence Emission Behavior of Select Fluoranthene, Fluorenochrysene, Indenochrysene, and Indenopyrene Derivatives

1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1699-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl A. Tucker ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
Bongsup P. Cho ◽  
Ronald G. Harvey ◽  
John C. Fetzer
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organic Nonelectrolyte ◽  
Emission Behavior ◽  
Intensity Ratios

Fluorescence emission behavior is reported for benz[def]indeno-[1,2,3hi]chrysene, fluoreno[2,3,4,9defg]chrysene, benz[def]indeno-[l,2,3qr]chrysene, dibenzo[a,e]fluoranthene, indeno[1,2,3cd]pyrene, naphtho[1,2b]fluoranthene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, fluoranthene, benzo-[ghi]fluoranthene, naphtho[2,1a]fluoranthene, naphtho[2,3b]fiuoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, and benzo[j]fluoranthene dissolved in organic nonelectrolyte solvents of varying polarity. Results of these measurements are used to classify the various solutes as either probe or nonprobe molecules, depending upon whether measured emission intensity ratios vary systematically with solvent polarity. Also discussed are primary and secondary inner-filtering artifacts associated with selective quenching agents used to help identify/analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in unknown mixtures. Inner-filtering artifacts are illustrated by examining fluorescence emission intensities of 13 “nonalternant” PAHs at different nitromethane concentrations and solution absorbances.

scholarly journals Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles. Part IV: Effect of Solvent Polarity, Solvent Acidity, Nitromethane and 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene on the Fluorescence Emission Behavior of Select Monoaza- and Diazaarenes

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 1630-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl A. Tucker ◽  
Hardjanti Darmodjo ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
Maximilian Zander ◽  
Erich C. Meister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Fluorescence Emission Spectra ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organic Nonelectrolyte ◽  
Emission Behavior ◽  
Intensity Ratios ◽  
Solvent Acidity

Fluorescence emission spectra are reported for naphth[2′l′8′7′: 4,10,5]anthra[l,9,8cdef]cinnoline, benzo[lmn][3,8]phenanthroline (also called 2,7-diazapyrene), benz[4,10]anthra[l,9,8cdef]cinnoline, naphtho[8,1,2hij]pyreno[9,10,ldef]phthalazine, acenaphtho[l,2b]pyridine, benzo[a]phenazine, indeno[l,2,3ij][2,7]naphthyridine, and indeno-[l,2,3ij]isoquinoline dissolved in organic nonelectrolyte solvents of varying polarity and acidity. Results of these measurements indicate that naphth[2′,1′,8′,7′:4,10,5]anthra[l,9,8cdef]cinnoline exhibits some signs of probe character as evidenced by changing emission intensity ratios; however, numerical values did not vary systematically with solvent polarity. The effect of nitromethane and 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene as selective quenching agents on both the unprotonated and protonated PANHs was also examined. Nitromethane was found to quench fluorescence emission of roughly two-thirds of the alternant unprotonated PANHs studied to date. Emission intensities of the protonated PANHs remained essentially constant and were not affected by nitromethane. 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene, on the other hand, quenched the fluorescence emission of several unprotonated and all protonated PANHs examined.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic Investigation of Fluorescence Quenching Agents. Part III: Effect of Solvent Polarity on the Selectivity of Nitromethane for Discriminating between Alternant versus Nonalternant Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl A. Tucker ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
John C. Fetzer ◽  
Ronald G. Harvey ◽  
Mary J. Tanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Fluorescence Emission Spectra ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organic Nonelectrolyte ◽  
Emission Behavior

To better assess the applicability of nitromethane as a selective quenching agent for alternant versus nonalternant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in HPLC, TLC, and HPTLC analysis, we measured the effect that it has on the fluorescence emission behavior of 96 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons dissolved in binary toluene/acetonitrile solvent mixtures. Results of these measurements revealed that the “selective quenching” rule is obeyed for the vast majority of PAHs, with the coronene derivatives being the only major exceptions. Fluorescence emission spectra are also reported for benzo[g]chrysene, naphtho[2,3g]chrysene, 4 H-benzo[c]cyclopenta[mno]chrysene, dibenzo[ghi,mno]fluoranthene (commonly called corannulene), rubicene, diacenaphtho[l,2j:l‘,2'l]fluoranthene, 10-methyl-benzo[b]fluoranthene, 3-methoxybenzo[k]fluoranthene, and 3-hydroxybenzo[k]fluoranthene in organic nonelectrolyte solvents of varying polarity. Calculated emission intensity ratios failed to vary systematically with solvent polarity, and all nine of the aforementioned solutes were thus classified as nonprobe molecules.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. Part IV: Effect of Solvent Polarity and Nitromethane on the Fluorescence Emission Behavior of Select Bipolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl A. Tucker ◽  
Jason M. Griffin ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
Maximilian Zander ◽  
Reginald H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organic Nonelectrolyte ◽  
Emission Behavior

Fluorescence emission behavior is reported for 1,1′-binaphthalene, 2,2′-binaphthalene, 9,9′-bianthracene, 9,9′-biphenanthrene, 1,1′-methylene-bisnaphthalene, and 1,1′,2,2′-tetrahydro-5,5′-biacenaphthylene dissolved in organic nonelectrolyte solvents of varying polarity, refractive index, and dielectric constant. Fluorescence measurements are used to classify the six bipolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (bi-PAH) solutes as either solvatochromic probe or nonprobe molecules, depending upon whether measured fluorescence properties vary with solvent nature. Of the bi-PAHs studied, only 9,9′-bianthracene exhibited probe character. Possible correlations between 9,9′-bianthracene's maximum intensity emission wavelength and select functions of solvent refractive index and dielectric constant were examined. Also reported is the effect that nitromethane has on bi-PAH fluorescence emission intensities.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic Investigation of Fluorescence Quenching Agents. Part II: Effect of Nitromethane on the Fluorescence Emission Behavior of Thirty-Six Alternant Benzenoid Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1260-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl A. Tucker ◽  
Hardjanti Darmodjo ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
John C. Fetzer ◽  
Maximilian Zander
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Spectroscopic Investigation ◽  
Fluorescence Probe ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Emission Behavior ◽  
Emission Intensity Ratio

Nitromethane is examined as a selective quenching agent for discriminating between “alternant” versus “nonalternant” polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in unknown mixtures. Of the 36 benzenoid solutes studied, only dibenzo[hi,wx]heptaphene failed to obey the selective quenching rule. Also reported are new experimental fluorescence probe studies for dibenzo[de,st]pentacene, dibenzo[fg,qr]pentacene, naphtho[8,1,2hij)-hexaphene, benzo[vwx]hexaphene, benzo[1,2,3cd;4,5,6c'd‘]diperylene, dibenzo[hi,wx]heptacene, benzo[b]triphenylene, chrysense, and anthracene dissolved in nonelectrolyte solvents of varying polarity. Benzo-[vwx]hexaphene was found to exhibit probe character, as evidenced by a systematic variation in emission intensity ratio with solvent polarity.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Solute Probes. Part IV: Effect of Solvent Polarity on the Fluorescence Emission Fine Structures of Select Pyrene and Pentaphene Derivatives

1989 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riaz Waris ◽  
Kenneth W. Street ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
John C. Fetzer
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Intensity Ratios ◽  
Calculated Intensity

Fluorescence properties of benzo[e]pyrene, benzo[a)pyrene, dibenzo[a,ejpyrene (naphtho[1,2,3,4def]chrysene), 1-chloropyrene, tribenzo[de, kl,rst]pentaphene, dinaphtho[2,1,8,7defg,2′,1,8′,7'ijkl]pentaphene, benz [rst]anthra[9,1,2cde]pentaphene, and dibenzo[fg,ij]phenanthro[2,1,10,9,8,7pqrstuv]pentaphene dissolved in solvents of varying polarity are reported. Measurements indicate that emission intensities of benzo[e)pyrene (BePy) and dibenzophenanthropentaphene (DBPP) depend on solvent polarity. Two new polarity scales are defined, BePy = I/IV and DBPP = I/II, on the basis of the ratio of the fluorescence intensities of select vibronic bands. For fluorescence spectra for the remaining six compounds studied, either the spectra were not clearly resolvable or the calculated intensity ratios remained nearly constant, irrespective of solvent polarity.

Spectroscopic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. Part III: Fluorescence Emission and Quenching Behavior of Periodic Table Group 16 Hetero-Atom Derivatives

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl A. Tucker ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
Maximilian Zander ◽  
Pierre Demerseman ◽  
Jean-Pierre Buisson
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Fluorescence Emission Spectra ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Compound ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organic Nonelectrolyte ◽  
Intensity Ratios

Fluorescence emission spectra are reported for benzo[b]naphtho[2,3d]furan, dinaphtho[l,2b:l′,2′d]furan, dinaphtho[2,lb:l′,2′d]furan, dibenzo[2,3:10,11]perylo[l,12bcd]furan, dibenzo[2,3:10,ll]perylo-(l,12bcd]thiophene, naphtho[l,8bc:5,4b′c′]dipyran (also called 1,6-dioxapyrene), and naphtha[l,8bc:4,5b′c′]dipyran (also called 1,8-dioxapyrene) in organic nonelectrolyte solvents of varying polarity. Results of these measurements indicate that dinaphtho[l,2b:l′,2′d]furan exhibits slight signs of probe character as evidenced by changing emission intensity ratios; however, the dynamic range was much too small to classify this molecule as a polycyclic aromatic compound probe. The effect of nitromethane and 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene as selective quenching agents was also examined. Nitromethane was found to quench fluorescence emission of all the aforementioned compounds except benzo[b]naphtho[2,3d]furan.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic Investigation of Fluorescence Quenching Agents. Part IV: Selectivity of Nitromethane for Discriminating between Alternant versus Nonalternant Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Solvents of Differing Polarities

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1775-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl A. Tucker ◽  
Heather C. Bates ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
John C. Fetzer
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Aqueous Acetonitrile ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Emission Behavior

To further assess the applicability of nitromethane as a selective quenching agent for alternant vs. nonalternant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in HPLC analysis, we measured the effect that it has on the fluorescence emission behavior of 96 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons dissolved in a binary ethyl acetate/acetonitrile solvent mixture. Nitromethane quenching results are compared with previously reported acetonitrile, aqueous/acetonitrile, and toluene/acetonitrile solvent mixtures. Results of these measurements revealed that the “selective quenching” rule is obeyed for the vast majority of PAHs in all solvents considered thus far, with the coronene derivatives being the only major exceptions.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic Investigation of Fluorescence Quenching Agents: Effect of Nitromethane on the Fluorescence Emission Behavior of Select Cyclopenta-PAH, Aceanthrylene, and Fluorene Derivatives

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1156-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Amszi ◽  
Yvonne Cordero ◽  
Bradley Smith ◽  
Sheryl A. Tucker ◽  
William E. Acree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Spectroscopic Investigation ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Complete Agreement ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Aqueous Acetonitrile ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Emission Behavior

Nitromethane is examined as a selective fluorescence quenching agent for “alternant” alkyl-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Fluorescence emission behavior is reported for 11 H-benz[bc]aceanthrylene, 4 H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene, 4 H-cyclopenta[def]chrysene, 13 H-dibenzo[a,g]fluorene, 13 H-dibenzo[a,i]fluorene, 4 H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[mno]chrysene, 4 H-cyclopenta[pqr]picene, 7 H-dibenzo[c,g]fluorene, 9 H-benz(6,7)indeno[1,21]phenanthrene, 4 H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[jkl]triphenylene, 13 H-dibenz[bc,k]aceanthrylene, 13 H-dibenz[bc,l]aceanthrylene, and 4 H-benzo[def]cyclopenta[mno]chrysene dissolved in organic solvents of varying polarity and in acetonitrile or aqueous-acetonitrile solvent mixtures at various nitromethane concentrations. Results of these measurements show that nitromethane quenches fluorescence emission of the thirteen solutes studied, which is in complete agreement with what would be expected on the basis of the fact that all solutes are “alternant” polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document