Correction: Estimation of the dispersal distances of an aphid-borne virus in a patchy landscape

In order to elucidate the patterns of dispersal in scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis near the northern limit of its latitudinal range, a total of 50 colonies (15-25 cm in diameter) of this coral were collected from Ooshima Island, Japan, and transplanted within one hour to the area of Satsuki, where they were not present before. Three concentric areas were established such as; the parental area (PA), intermediate area (IA) and outer area (OA). A total of 831 new corals were found in 1997 while 54.3% of these occurred in PA, 30.5% in IA and 15.1% in OA. In 1998, 52.3% of recruits settled in PA, 30.5% in IA and 17.2% in OA. A significant difference in the density of recruits was found among three areas, but recruit density was not significantly different between years and there was no interaction between area and year. There was no significant difference in the number of recruits among different directions, indicating no tendency for larvae to be concentrated in one particular direction. The present study suggests that the planulae of P. damicornis have limited dispersal distances at high-latitudes© Untuk menjelaskan pola penyebaran karang scleractinia Pocillopora damicornis yang berada di batas Utara penyebarannya, total 50 koloni (15-25 cm) dari karang ini dikumpulkan dari Pulau Ooshima, Jepang, dan di transplantasikan dalam waktu satu jam ke daerah Satsuki yang tidak ditemukan jenis ini. Tiga daerah ditetapkan yaitu, Daerah Induk (PA), Daerah Tengah (IA), dan Daerah Luar (OA). Sebanyak 831 karang baru ditemukan pada tahun 1997, sementara 54,3% ditemukan di PA, 30,5% di IA dan 15,1% di OA. Pada tahun 1998, 52,3% ditemukan di PA, 30,5% di IA, dan 17,2% di OA. Ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan untuk kepadatan antara ketiga daerah tersebut, tetapi tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antar tahun dan tidak ada interaksi antara daerah dan tahun. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam jumlah pada arah yang berbeda sehingga hal ini menunjukkan tidak ada kecenderungan bagi larva untuk terkonsentrasi pada satu arah tertentu. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa planula P.

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Geographic Song Discrimination in Relation to Dispersal Distances in Song Sparrows

The American Naturalist ◽

10.2307/3079074 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 159 (3) ◽

pp. 221

Author(s):

Searcy ◽

Nowicki ◽

Hughes ◽

Peters

Keyword(s):

Song Sparrows ◽

Song Discrimination ◽

Dispersal Distances

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Modeling large-scale dispersal distances

Ecological Modelling ◽

10.1016/s0304-3800(01)00487-2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 151 (2-3) ◽

pp. 279-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Emmanuel Paradis ◽

Stephen R. Baillie ◽

William J. Sutherland

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Dispersal Distances

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Interacting effects of forest fragmentation and howler monkey foraging on germination and disperal of fig seeds

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605302000480 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 266-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Serio-Silva ◽

Victor Rico-Gray

Keyword(s):

Dispersal Distance ◽

Alouatta Palliata ◽

Howler Monkey ◽

Forest Fragment ◽

Howler Monkeys ◽

Conservation Policies ◽

Dispersal Distances ◽

Alouatta Palliata Mexicana ◽

Fragmented Forests ◽

Individual Trees

We studied changes in germination rates and dispersal distance of seeds of Ficus perforata and F. lundelli dispersed by howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana), in a small (40 ha) ‘disturbed’ and a larger (>600 ha) ‘preserved’ tropical rainforest in southern Veracruz, Mexico. The interaction between A. p. mexicana and Ficus (Urostigma) spp. is beneficial for the interacting species and has important implications for their conservation. Howler monkeys gain from the ingestion of an important food source, germination rates of Ficus seeds are improved by passage through the monkeys' digestive tract, and the seeds are more likely to be deposited in a site suitable for germination and development. Seed dispersal distances are relatively larger in the preserved site, with both the size of the forest area and the spatial pattern of Ficus affecting the dispersal process. In a large forest fragment with ‘regularly’ distributed Ficus individuals the howler monkeys move away from the seed source, increasing the probability that the seeds are desposited on a tree other than Ficus, which is important for the germination and future development of a hemiepiphytic species. In a small forest fragment with trees distributed in clumps howlers repeatedly use the same individual trees, and faeces containing seeds may be dropped on unsuitable trees more often. These are key issues when addressing conservation policies for fragmented forests.

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Flight efficiency explains differences in natal dispersal distances in birds

Ecology ◽

10.1002/ecy.3442 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Santiago Claramunt

Keyword(s):

Natal Dispersal ◽

Dispersal Distances

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Calculation of the primary trajectories of seeds and other particles in strong winds

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.1983.0069 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 219 (1215) ◽

pp. 217-217

Keyword(s):

Equations Of Motion ◽

Aerodynamic Resistance ◽

Reynolds Numbers ◽

Spherical Particles ◽

Spores And Pollen ◽

General Terms ◽

Wide Range ◽

Strong Winds ◽

Dispersal Distances ◽

Enormous Number

The movement of variously dense spherical particles representing a variety of seeds, fruits, spores and pollen, and released from rest into arbitrary winds and a gravitational field is discussed in general terms that account in detail for changes in the quasi-static aerodynamic resistance to motion experienced by such particles during aerial flight. A hybrid analytical-empirical law is established which describes this resistance fairly accurately for particle Reynolds numbers in the range 0—60 000 and that allows for the numerical integration of the equations of motion so as to cover a very wide range of flight conditions. This makes possible the provision of a set of four-parameter universal range tables from which the dispersal distances for an enormous number of practical cases may be estimated. One particular case of particle movement in a region of pseudo-thermal convection is also discussed and this shows how a marked degree of deposition concentration may be induced in some circumstances by such a flow. Botanists and ecologists concerned with seed and particle dispersal in the environment may find the universal range tables of particular interest and use. This is because the tables obviate the need for the integration of the equations of motion when dealing with individual cases and permit an estimation of range purely on the basis of the specified quantities of particle size, density and altitude of release, atmospheric wind speed, density and viscosity, and the acceleration due to gravity.

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Dispersal Kernel Determines Symmetry of Spread and Geographical Range for an Insect

International Journal of Ecology ◽

10.1155/2009/167278 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jeffrey D. Holland

Keyword(s):

Sugar Maple ◽

Spatial Dynamics ◽

Geographic Range ◽

Dispersal Distance ◽

Dispersal Kernel ◽

Geographical Range ◽

Spatial Distributions ◽

Longhorned Beetle ◽

Ecological Patterns ◽

Dispersal Distances

The distance from a source patch that dispersing insects reach depends on the number of dispersers, or random draws from a probability density function called a dispersal kernel, and the shape of that kernel. This can cause asymmetrical dispersal between habitat patches that produce different numbers of dispersers. Spatial distributions based on these dynamics can explain several ecological patterns including megapopulations and geographic range boundaries. I hypothesized that a locally extirpated longhorned beetle, the sugar maple borer, has a new geographical range shaped primarily by probabilistic dispersal distances. I used data on occurrence from Ontario, Canada to construct a model of geographical range in Indiana, USA based on maximum dispersal distance scaled by habitat area. This model predicted the new range boundary within 500 m very accurately. This beetle may be an ideal organism for exploring spatial dynamics driven by dispersal.

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