scholarly journals Cell-to-Cell Stochastic Variation in Gene Expression Is a Complex Genetic Trait

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. e1000049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet Ansel ◽  
Hélène Bottin ◽  
Camilo Rodriguez-Beltran ◽  
Christelle Damon ◽  
Muniyandi Nagarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Stochastic Variation ◽  
Complex Genetic Trait

scholarly journals Potato Virus X-induced LeHB-1 Silencing Delays Tomato Fruit Ripening

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Wang ◽  
Bishun Ye ◽  
Xiangpeng Kang ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Tongfei Lai
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening ◽  
Homeobox Protein ◽  
Complex Genetic Trait

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening is a complex genetic trait correlating with notable fruit phenotypic, physiologic, and biochemical changes. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles during this process. LeHB-1, an HD-zip homeobox protein, is a ripening-related TF and acts as an important regulator of fruit ripening. However, the detailed biochemical and molecular basis of LeHB-1 on tomato fruit ripening is unclear. In the current study, the biologic functions of LeHB-1 were determined by a potato virus X (PVX)-mediated gene-silencing approach. The results indicate that PVX-induced LeHB-1 silencing in tomato could decrease pigment accumulation and delay fruit ripening. Compared with controls, nonripening flesh retains a greater pH value and a lesser anthocyanin content. By evaluating expression levels of genes related to tomato fruit ripening, we inferred that LeHB-1 located at the downstream of LeMADS-RIN-mediated regulatory network. In addition, LeHB-1 silencing mainly disturbed phytoene desaturation and isomerization, and led to a decrease in trans-lycopene accumulation, but did not influence flavonoid biosynthesis directly in tomato fruit. The findings provide a theoretical foundation for illustrating the biologic functions of LeHB-1 in tomato fruit ripening and quality.

scholarly journals Leaf Trichome Distribution Pattern in Arabidopsis Reveals Gene Expression Variation Associated with Environmental Adaptation

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Shotaro Okamoto ◽  
Kohei Negishi ◽  
Yuko Toyama ◽  
Takeo Ushijima ◽  
Kengo Morohashi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Stochastic Variation ◽  
Biological Relevance ◽  
Homogeneous Cell ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

Gene expression varies stochastically even in both heterogenous and homogeneous cell populations. This variation is not simply useless noise; rather, it is important for many biological processes. Unicellular organisms or cultured cell lines are useful for analyzing the variation in gene expression between cells; however, owing to technical challenges, the biological relevance of this variation in multicellular organisms such as higher plants remain unclear. Here, we addressed the biological relevance of this variation between cells by examining the genetic basis of trichome distribution patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana. The distribution pattern of a trichome on a leaf is stochastic and can be mathematically represented using Turing’s reaction-diffusion (RD) model. We analyzed simulations based on the RD model and found that the variability in the trichome distribution pattern increased with the increase in stochastic variation in a particular gene expression. Moreover, differences in heat-dependent variability of the trichome distribution pattern between the accessions showed a strong correlation with environmental factors to which each accession was adapted. Taken together, we successfully visualized variations in gene expression by quantifying the variability in the Arabidopsis trichome distribution pattern. Thus, our data provide evidence for the biological importance of variations in gene expression for environmental adaptation.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Synergy and the Regulation of Ucp1 during Brown Adipocyte Induction in White Fat Depots

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 8311-8322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingzhong Xue ◽  
Ann Coulter ◽  
Jong Seop Rim ◽  
Robert A. Koza ◽  
Leslie P. Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Complex Genetic Trait ◽  
White Fat

ABSTRACT Induction of brown adipocytes in white fat depots by adrenergic stimulation is a complex genetic trait in mice that affects the ability of the animal to regulate body weight. An 80-fold difference in expression of the mitochondrial uncoupling gene (Ucp1) at the mRNA and protein levels between A/J and C57BL/6J (B6) mice is controlled by allelic interactions among nine quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on eight chromosomes. Overlapping patterns of these QTLs also regulate expression levels of Pgc-1α, Pparα, and type 2 deiodinase. Independent validation that PPARα is associated with Ucp1 induction was obtained by treating mice with the PPARα agonist clofibrate, but not from the analysis of PPARα knockout mice. The most upstream sites of regulation for Ucp1 that differed between A/J and B6 were the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and CREB and then followed by downstream changes in levels of mRNA for PPARγ, PPARα, PGC-1α, and type 2 deiodinase. However, compared to Ucp1 expression, the two- to fourfold differences in the expression of these regulatory components are very modest. It is proposed that small variations in the levels of several transcriptional components of the Ucp1 enhanceosome interact synergistically to achieve large differences in Ucp1 expression.

Hypertension as a complex genetic trait

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich C. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Complex Genetic Trait

Exploring Haplotype Sharing Methods in General and Isolated Populations to Detect Gene(s) of a Complex Genetic Trait

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
pp. S554-S559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Beckmann ◽  
Christine Fischer ◽  
Klaus-Georg Deck ◽  
Ilja M. Nolte ◽  
Gerard te Meerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haplotype Sharing ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Complex Genetic Trait
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