scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Encode Variant Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Proteins That Are Diverse in Superantigenicity and Lethality

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e41157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra L. Kohler ◽  
Seth D. Greenwood ◽  
Suba Nookala ◽  
Malak Kotb ◽  
David M. Kranz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Enterotoxin B

scholarly journals Acute Systemic Immune Activation following Conjunctival Exposure to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 6016-6019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindarajan Rajagopalan ◽  
Michele K. Smart ◽  
Robin Patel ◽  
Chella S. David
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Human Leukocyte Antigen Class ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Systemic Immune Activation ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Conjunctival exposure to the Staphylococcus aureus superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) may occur accidentally, as a result of bioterrorism, or during colonization or infection of the external eye. Using human leukocyte antigen class II transgenic mice, we show for the first time that conjunctival exposure to SEB can cause robust systemic immune activation.

The Potential Role of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B in Rats with Postburn Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis

Shock ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Yun Li ◽  
Yong-Ming Yao ◽  
Zhi-Guo Shi ◽  
Ning Dong ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Enterotoxin B

scholarly journals ROLE OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN B IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF POSTBURN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS SEPSIS

Shock ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Yong-Ming Yao ◽  
Hong-Yun Li ◽  
Zhi-Guo Shi ◽  
Ning Dong ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Enterotoxin B

scholarly journals Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis in Mice

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avanish K. Varshney ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Jorge L. Aguilar ◽  
Matthew D. Scharff ◽  
Bettina C. Fries
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Antigen Specificity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lethal Shock ◽  
Enterotoxin B

ABSTRACTStaphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent toxin that is produced byStaphylococcus aureusstrains and is classified as a category B select agent. We have previously shown that monoclonal antibody (MAb) 20B1, a murine anti-SEB IgG1, successfully treats SEB-induced lethal shock (SEBILS) and bacteremia that is caused by SEB-producingS. aureus. In this study, we have generated two isotype switch variants of the original IgG1 MAb 20B1, an IgG2a and IgG2b, both bearing the same variable region sequence, and compared their neutralizing and protective activity inin vitroandin vivoassays, respectively. All 3 isotypes demonstrated comparable affinity to SEB and comparable 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) in T cell proliferation assays.In vivo, however, the IgG2a isotype variant of 20B1 exhibited significantly greater protection than IgG1 or IgG2b in murine SEB intoxication andS. aureussepsis models. Protection was associated with downmodulation of inflammatory host response. Our data demonstrate that changing the isotype of already protective MAbs, without affecting their antigen specificity or sensitivity, can result in an enhancement of their protective ability. Isotype selection, therefore, should be carefully considered in the development of toxin-neutralizing MAbs and the design of antibody therapeutics.IMPORTANCEThe purpose of this study was to enhance the protective efficacy of an existing, protective monoclonal antibody against staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Using twoin vivomouse models, our study demonstrates that the protective efficacy of a monoclonal antibody may be improved by inducing an isotype switch at the Fc region of an antibody, without altering the antigen specificity or sensitivity of the antibody. The development of therapeutic MAbs with higher efficacy may allow for the achievement of equal therapeutic benefit with a lower dosage. In turn, the use of lower doses may reduce the cost of these therapies, while reducing the potential for adverse side effects.

scholarly journals NGHIÊN CỨU CHẾ TẠO QUE THỬ PHÁT HIỆN NHANH ĐỘC TỐ RUỘT NHÓM B CỦA STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS Ở QUY MÔ PHÒNG THÍ NGHIỆM

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-469
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Hoài Thu ◽  
Lê Trọng Văn ◽  
Nghiêm Ngọc Minh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
Lateral Flow Test

Staphylococcus aureus là một trong số những tác nhân vi sinh vật gây ngộ độc thực phẩm. Hơn hai mươi loại siêu kháng nguyên do S. aureus sản sinh ra. Trong đó, Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) là nguyên nhân phổ biến gây ngộ độc thực phẩm. Chẩn đoán và phát hiện SEB bằng que thử nhanh dạng sắc k. miễn dịch (Immunochoromatography test - ICT hay lateral flow test strip - LFTS) đã và đang được các nhà nghiên cứu quan tâm với các ưu điểm cho kết quả nhanh, thao tác đơn giản, không đòi hỏi cán bộ sử dụng phải được đào tạo chuyên môn. Ngoài ra, LFTS có thời gian sử dụng dài và không yêu cầu bảo quản lạnh nên rất thích hợp để sử dụng ở những nước đang phát triển, các cơ sở chăm sóc cấp cứu nhỏ, ở vùng sâu vùng xa và ngoài chiến trường. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã chế tạo và thử nghiệm thành công que thử SEB ở qui mô phòng thí nghiệm. Que thử có khả năng phát hiện độc tố SEB ở nồng độ là 10 ng/ml, có độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu cao tương ứng là 100% và 96,66%. Que thử phát hiện nhanh độc tố SEB không phản ứng chéo với các độc tố khác như SEA, SEC, SED và SEE, đọc kết quả trong khoảng thời gian là 10 phút và có chất lượng tương đương với các que thử thương mại. Việc tạo ra que thử phát hiện độc tố SEB của S. aureus dạng sắc k. miễn dịch có . nghĩa quan trọng trong công tác vệ sinh an toàn thực phẩm, phòng bệnh và bảo vệ người tiêu dùng.

scholarly journals Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) toxin of Staphylococcus aureus and the detection methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Hoài Thu ◽  
Nghiêm Ngọc Minh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
Basic Features

Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) secreted by Staphylococcus aureus is one of the principal causes of food poisoning. The SEs are superantigens; they are highly stable, resisting most proteolytic enzymes and thus keeping activity in the gastrointestinal tract after being ingestion. In particular, heat-stable enterotoxin is one of the most important property related to food safety. They are not degraded at 100°C for 30 minutes, even at 121oC for 28 minutes, the SEs retain biological activity. Heat resistance of SEs in foods is higher than in the culture medium. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) produces more than 20 different types of enterotoxins, including SEA to SEE, SEG to SER and SEU. Among these, Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a powerful toxin, heat-stable, water-soluble and is a common cause of food poisoning. Moreover, SEB is one of the harmful or hazardous agents used as biological weapons in bioterrorism or biological warfare. Therefore, determining presence of SEB toxin in food is extremely important. In this review, we introduce the most basic features about S. aureus; about SEB toxin and conventional methods for SEB diagnosis, detection. Especially, we focus on rapid detection strip based on an immunochromatography; this technique is an highly sensitive, rapid, easy for use and storage.

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