scholarly journals NOD2/RICK-Dependent β-Defensin 2 Regulation Is Protective for Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae-Induced Middle Ear Infection

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e90933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Im Woo ◽  
Sejo Oh ◽  
Paul Webster ◽  
Yoo Jin Lee ◽  
David J. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Infection

scholarly journals Experimental Acute Otitis Media Due to Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: Comparison of High and Low Azithromycin Doses with Placebo

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 2194-2199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz E. Babl ◽  
Stephen I. Pelton ◽  
Zhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Middle Ear Infection

ABSTRACT Treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) with azithromycin results in apparent clinical success, but tympanocentesis performed 4 to 6 days after initiation of therapy in children with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) recovered from initial middle ear cultures demonstrates persistence of infection in more than 50% of episodes. We sought to determine the effect of azithromycin at different doses on the density of middle ear infection due to NTHI to provide additional understanding of this dichotomy between clinical and microbiologic outcome measures in AOM. In a chinchilla model of experimental otitis media (EOM), animals treated with placebo were compared to animals receiving a single daily dose 30 or 120 mg of azithromycin per kg of body weight per day for 5 days. Microbiologic outcome was assessed by obtaining quantitative cultures from the middle ear during a 5-day course and for 1 week following therapy. Azithromycin concentrations were measured to ascertain whether a concentration-dependent effect was present. Azithromycin at 30 and 120 mg/kg/day demonstrated a dose-dependent effect on the quantitative assessment of middle ear infection due to NTHI. A 30-mg/kg dose of azithromycin daily resulted in levels in serum and areas under the serum concentration-time curve at 24 h comparable to published data obtained with children given azithromycin at 5 to 10 mg/kg in multiday regimens. Increased doses of azithromycin (120 mg/kg) achieved 2.5- to 4-fold-higher levels in serum and 3- to 6-fold-higher total levels and levels in extracellular middle ear fluid as well as more rapid reduction in bacterial density and a greater proportion of middle ears with complete sterilization than either placebo or the 30-mg/kg/day regimen.

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal Colonization with Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in Chinchillas

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1973-1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-ping Yang ◽  
Sheena M. Loosmore ◽  
Brian J. Underdown ◽  
Michel H. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Candidate Vaccine ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Colonization ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vaccine Antigens

ABSTRACT Colonization of the nasopharynx by a middle ear pathogen is the first step in the development of otitis media in humans. The establishment of an animal model of nasopharyngeal colonization would therefore be of great utility in assessing the potential protective ability of candidate vaccine antigens (especially adhesins) against otitis media. A chinchilla nasopharyngeal colonization model for nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) was developed with antibiotic-resistant strains. This model does not require coinfection with a virus. There was no significant difference in the efficiency of NTHI colonization between adult (1- to 2-year-old) and young (2- to 3-month-old) animals. However, the incidence of middle ear infection following nasopharyngeal colonization was significantly higher in young animals (83 to 89%) than in adult chinchillas (10 to 30%). Chinchillas that had recovered either from a previous middle ear infection caused by NTHI or from an infection by intranasal inoculation with NTHI were completely protected against nasopharyngeal colonization with a homologous strain and were found to be the best positive controls in protection studies. Systemic immunization of chinchillas with inactivated whole-cell preparations significantly protected animals not only against homologous NTHI colonization but also partially against heterologous NTHI infection. In all protected animals, significant serum anti-P6 and anti-HMW antibody responses were observed. The outer membrane P6 and high-molecular-weight (HMW) proteins appear to be promising candidate vaccine antigens to prevent nasopharyngeal colonization and middle ear infection caused by NTHI.

Viral Co-Infection Does Not Reduce the Efficacy of Vaccination against Non-Typeable Haemophilus influenzae Middle Ear Infection in a Rat Model

ORL ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryka Moore ◽  
Brett A. Lidbury ◽  
Allan W. Cripps ◽  
Jennelle M. Kyd
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Infection

scholarly journals Salvage Eustachian Tube Cartilage Chip Insertion After Multiple Transnasal Shim Operations in Intractable Patulous Eustachian Tube

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132199500
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Lee ◽  
Heng-Jui Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Repeat Surgery ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Tube Lumen ◽  
Management Method ◽  
Patulous Eustachian Tube

This article presents 2 cases of extremely intractable patulous Eustachian tube following multiple transnasal shim insertion. These cases highlight the disadvantages of repeat transnasal shim operations, including enlargement of the Eustachian tube lumen, frequent dislocation, repeat surgery, recurrent middle ear infection, and shim misswallowing. The patients in these cases were successfully treated with Eustachian tube cartilage chip insertion through a postauricular approach. We describe the surgical technique and advantages of this promising management method.

Middle Ear Infection (Otitis Media)

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 936
Author(s):  
S. Michael Marcy ◽  
Michael E. Pichichero ◽  
Richard H. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Infection

scholarly journals Luc Abscess: A Rare Complication of a Common Pediatric Ear Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Nurfadhilah Aisyah Murad ◽  
Zalilah Musa ◽  
Kharudin Abdullah ◽  
Irfan Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Bone Involvement ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Temporal Muscle ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
The Difference

Middle ear infection occurs when fluid accumulate in middle ear as a result of inflammatory response to viral or bacterial infection. Infections may spread from the middle ear, resulting in a subperiosteal collection beneath the temporal muscle. Luc abscess is a rare complication of otitis media. The difference of this complication with other extracranial abscesses relating to otitis media is, it may not be associated with mastoid bone involvement. Therefore, it is defined as benign complication of otitis media. Here, we report a case of 10-month-old baby boy diagnosed with Luc abscess with mastoid involvement.

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