scholarly journals Responses of the Metabolism of the Larvae of Pocillopora damicornis to Ocean Acidification and Warming

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e96172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily B. Rivest ◽  
Gretchen E. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis

scholarly journals Thermal stress reduces pocilloporid coral resilience to ocean acidification by impairing control over calcifying fluid chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. eaba9958
Author(s):  
Maxence Guillermic ◽  
Louise P. Cameron ◽  
Ilian De Corte ◽  
Sambuddha Misra ◽  
Jelle Bijma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
Carbonate Chemistry ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Stylophora Pistillata ◽  
Coral Calcification ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Different Time Scales

The combination of thermal stress and ocean acidification (OA) can more negatively affect coral calcification than an individual stressors, but the mechanism behind this interaction is unknown. We used two independent methods (microelectrode and boron geochemistry) to measure calcifying fluid pH (pHcf) and carbonate chemistry of the corals Pocillopora damicornis and Stylophora pistillata grown under various temperature and pCO2 conditions. Although these approaches demonstrate that they record pHcf over different time scales, they reveal that both species can cope with OA under optimal temperatures (28°C) by elevating pHcf and aragonite saturation state (Ωcf) in support of calcification. At 31°C, neither species elevated these parameters as they did at 28°C and, likewise, could not maintain substantially positive calcification rates under any pH treatment. These results reveal a previously uncharacterized influence of temperature on coral pHcf regulation—the apparent mechanism behind the negative interaction between thermal stress and OA on coral calcification.

Increased temperature mitigates the effects of ocean acidification on the calcification of juvenile Pocillopora damicornis, but at a cost

Coral Reefs ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Ming-Lan Guo ◽  
Ya-Juan Guo ◽  
Yu-Yang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
Increased Temperature

scholarly journals Pacific-wide contrast highlights resistance of reef calcifiers to ocean acidification

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1790) ◽  
pp. 20141339 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Comeau ◽  
R. C. Carpenter ◽  
Y Nojiri ◽  
H. M. Putnam ◽  
K. Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Tropical Coral ◽  
Geographical Scale ◽  
Key Questions

Ocean acidification (OA) and its associated decline in calcium carbonate saturation states is one of the major threats that tropical coral reefs face this century. Previous studies of the effect of OA on coral reef calcifiers have described a wide variety of outcomes for studies using comparable partial pressure of CO 2 ( p CO 2 ) ranges, suggesting that key questions remain unresolved. One unresolved hypothesis posits that heterogeneity in the response of reef calcifiers to high p CO 2 is a result of regional-scale variation in the responses to OA. To test this hypothesis, we incubated two coral taxa ( Pocillopora damicornis and massive Porites ) and two calcified algae ( Porolithon onkodes and Halimeda macroloba ) under 400, 700 and 1000 μatm p CO 2 levels in experiments in Moorea (French Polynesia), Hawaii (USA) and Okinawa (Japan), where environmental conditions differ. Both corals and H. macroloba were insensitive to OA at all three locations, while the effects of OA on P. onkodes were location-specific. In Moorea and Hawaii, calcification of P. onkodes was depressed by high p CO 2 , but for specimens in Okinawa, there was no effect of OA. Using a study of large geographical scale, we show that resistance to OA of some reef species is a constitutive character expressed across the Pacific.

scholarly journals Coral resistance to ocean acidification linked to increased calcium at the site of calcification

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1878) ◽  
pp. 20180564 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. DeCarlo ◽  
S. Comeau ◽  
C. E. Cornwall ◽  
M. T. McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
Seawater Ph ◽  
Ph Conditions

Ocean acidification threatens the persistence of biogenic calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) production on coral reefs. However, some coral genera show resistance to declines in seawater pH, potentially achieved by modulating the chemistry of the fluid where calcification occurs. We use two novel geochemical techniques based on boron systematics and Raman spectroscopy, which together provide the first constraints on the sensitivity of coral calcifying fluid calcium concentrations ( ) to changing seawater pH. In response to simulated end-of-century pH conditions, Pocillopora damicornis increased to as much as 25% above that of seawater and maintained constant calcification rates. Conversely, Acropora youngei displayed less control over , and its calcification rates strongly declined at lower seawater pH. Although the role of in driving calcification has often been neglected, increasing may be a key mechanism enabling more resistant corals to cope with ocean acidification and continue to build CaCO 3 skeletons in a high-CO 2 world.

scholarly journals Breakdown of coral colonial form under reduced pH conditions is initiated in polyps and mediated through apoptosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 2082-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagit Kvitt ◽  
Esti Kramarsky-Winter ◽  
Keren Maor-Landaw ◽  
Keren Zandbank ◽  
Ariel Kushmaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Mass Extinctions ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stony Corals ◽  
Colonial Form ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Biological Plasticity

Certain stony corals can alternate between a calcifying colonial form and noncalcifying solitary polyps, supporting the hypothesis that corals have survived through geologic timescale periods of unfavorable calcification conditions. However, the mechanisms enabling this biological plasticity are yet to be identified. Here we show that incubation of two coral species (Pocillopora damicornis and Oculina patagonica) under reduced pH conditions (pH 7.2) simulating past ocean acidification induce tissue-specific apoptosis that leads to the dissociation of polyps from coenosarcs. This in turn leads to the breakdown of the coenosarc and, as a consequence, to loss of coloniality. Our data show that apoptosis is initiated in the polyps and that once dissociation between polyp and coenosarc terminates, apoptosis subsides. After reexposure of the resulting solitary polyps to normal pH (pH 8.2), both coral species regenerated coenosarc tissues and resumed calcification. These results indicate that regulation of coloniality is under the control of the polyp, the basic modular unit of the colony. A mechanistic explanation for several key evolutionarily important phenomena that occurred throughout coral evolution is proposed, including mechanisms that permitted species to survive the third tier of mass extinctions.

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