scholarly journals ZnO-NPs embedded biodegradable thiolated bandage for postoperative surgical site infection: In vitro and in vivo evaluation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0217079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Farhan Sohail ◽  
Hafiz Shoaib Sarwar ◽  
Hamid Saeed ◽  
Imran Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Reduction of Surgical-site Infections in Neurosurgery – The Advantage of Antiseptics Combined with a Sterile Surface

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Patrick J Parks ◽  
Georges K Nohra ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Bacterial Density ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Operative Site ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Concomitant Reduction

Surgical-site infections remain a significant contributor to hospital-acquired infections despite continued efforts to reduce their occurrence. Infection at the operative site is associated with high morbidity, mortality and prolonged hospitalisation. Typically, in neurosurgical cases the infection rate varies between 1 and 4%. The rise in antimicrobial resistance makes pre-operative methods to reduce surgical-site infection even more important. This is essential since hospitalised patients tend to have a higher frequency of resistant organisms, and the rise in methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infections has made antibiotic prophylaxis of this highly virulent organism more difficult. In this article we consider the role of pre-operative antisepsis, which aims to reduce bacterial density in the operative site, and the development of a sterile surface concept as part of an approach to reduce surgical-site infection in a neurosurgical setting. The risk of surgical-site infection is proportional to residual bacteria at the wound site, so a reduction in skin bacterial density will be associated with a concomitant reduction in surgical-site infection. The cumulativein vitroandin vivoevidence related to wound contamination and extensive clinical experience with implanted neurosurgical devices illustrate the utility of using 3M™Ioban™2 as part of an infection prevention regimen within neurosurgery.

Reduction of Surgical-site Infections in Neurosurgery—The Advantage of Antiseptics Combined with a Sterile Surface

US Neurology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Patrick J Parks ◽  
Georges K Nohra ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Bacterial Density ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Operative Site ◽  
Wound Contamination ◽  
Concomitant Reduction

Infection at the operative site is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospitalization. Typically, in neurosurgical cases the infection rate varies between 1 and 4%. The rise in antimicrobial resistance makes pre-operative methods to reduce surgical-site infection even more important. This is essential since hospitalized patients tend to have a higher frequency of resistant organisms, and the rise in methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infections has made antibiotic prophylaxis of this highly virulent organism more difficult. In this article we consider the role of pre-operative antisepsis, which aims to reduce bacterial density in the operative site, and the development of a sterile surface concept as part of an approach to reduce surgical-site infection in a neurosurgical setting. The risk for surgical-site infection is proportional to residual bacteria at the wound site, so a reduction in skin bacterial density will be associated with a concomitant reduction in surgical-site infection. The cumulativein vitroandin vivoevidence related to wound contamination and extensive clinical experience with implanted neurosurgical devices illustrate the utility of using 3M™Ioban™2 as part of an infection prevention regimen within neurosurgery.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of Arzanol from Helichrysum italicum

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bauer ◽  
F Dehm ◽  
A Koeberle ◽  
F Pollastro ◽  
G Appendino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Fenofibrate Solid Dispersion for Improving Oral Bioavailability: Preparation, and Characterization and in vivo Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 5102-5109
Author(s):  
Venu Madhav K ◽  
Somnath De ◽  
Chandra Shekar Bonagiri ◽  
Sridhar Babu Gummadi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Bioavailability ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Fenofibrate (FN) is used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. It shows poor dissolution and poor oral bioavailability after oral administration due to high liphophilicity and low aqueous solubility. Hence, solid dispersions (SDs) of FN (FN-SDs) were develop that might enhance the dissolution and subsequently oral bioavailability. FN-SDs were prepared by solvent casting method using different carriers (PEG 4000, PEG 6000, β cyclodextrin and HP β cyclodextrin) in different proportions (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% w/v). FN-SDs were evaluated solubility, assay and in vitro release studies for the optimization of SD formulation. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed for crystalline and morphology analysis, respectively. Further, optimized FN-SD formulation evaluated for pharmacokinetic performance in Wistar rats, in vivo in comparison with FN suspension.  From the results, FN-SD3 and FN-SD6 have showed 102.9 ±1.3% and 105.5±3.1% drug release, respectively in 2 h. DSC and PXRD studies revealed that conversion of crystalline to amorphous nature of FN from FT-SD formulation. SEM studies revealed the change in the orientation of FN when incorporated in SDs. The oral bioavailability FN-SD3 and FN-SD6 formulations exhibited 2.5-folds and 3.1-folds improvement when compared to FN suspension as control. Overall, SD of FN could be considered as an alternative dosage form for the enhancement of oral delivery of poorly water-soluble FN.

Design and In vivo Evaluation of Palonosetron HCl Mouth Dissolving Films in the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Vomiting

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3929-3936
Author(s):  
Y. Srinivasa Rao ◽  
K. Adinarayana Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Drug Content

Fast dissolving oral delivery systems are solid dosage forms, which disintegrate or dissolve within 1 minute in the mouth without drinking water or chewing. Mouth dissolving film (MDF) is a better alternate to oral disintegrating tablets due to its novelty, ease of use and the consequent patient compliance. The purpose of this work was to develop mouth dissolving oral films of palonosetron HCl, an antiemetic drug especially used in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. In the present work, the films were prepared by using solvent casting method with various polymers HPMC E3, E5 & E15 as a film base synthetic polymer, propylene glycol as a plasticizer and maltodextrin and other polymers. Films were found to be satisfactory when evaluated for thickness, in vitro drug release, folding endurance, drug content and disintegration time. The surface pH of all the films was found to be neutral. The in vitro drug release of optimized formulation F29 was found to be 99.55 ± 6.3 7% in 7 min. The optimized formulation F29 also showed satisfactory surface pH, drug content (99.38 ± 0.08 %), disintegration time of 8 seconds and good stability. FTIR data revealed that no interaction takes place between the drug and polymers used in the optimized formulation. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the films confirmed their potential as an innovative dosage form to improve delivery and quick onset of action of Palonosetron Hydrochloride. Therefore, the mouth dissolving film of palonosetron is potentially useful for the treatment of emesis disease where quick onset of action is desired, also improved patient compliance.

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