scholarly journals How does the CNS control arm reaching movements? Introducing a hierarchical nonlinear predictive control organization based on the idea of muscle synergies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0228726
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Dehghani ◽  
Fariba Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Reaching Movements ◽  
Muscle Synergies ◽  
Nonlinear Predictive Control ◽  
Arm Reaching ◽  
Cns Control

Reaching to Multiple Targets When Standing: The Spatial Organization of Feedforward Postural Adjustments

2009 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 2120-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A. Leonard ◽  
Ryan H. Brown ◽  
Paul J. Stapley
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reaching Movements ◽  
Muscle Synergies ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Postural Adjustments ◽  
Arm Reaching

We examined the spatial organization of feedforward postural adjustments produced prior to and during voluntary arm reaching movements executed while standing. We sought to investigate whether the activity of postural muscles before and during reaching was directionally tuned and whether a strategy of horizontal force constraint could be observed. To this end, eight human subjects executed self-paced reach-to-point movements on the random illumination of one of 13 light targets placed within a 180° array centered along the midline of the body. Analysis was divided into two periods: a first corresponding to the 250 ms preceding the onset of the reaching movements (termed pPA period) and a second 250-ms period immediately preceding target attainment (the aPA period). For both periods, electromyographic activity of the lower limb muscles revealed a clear directional tuning, with groups of muscles being activated for similar directions of reach. Analysis of horizontal ground reaction forces supported the existence of a force constraint strategy only for the pPA period, however, with those in the aPA period being more widely dispersed. We suggest that the strategy adopted for feedforward pPAs is one where the tuned muscle synergies constrain the forces diagonally away from the center of mass (CoM) to move it within the support base. However, the need to control for final finger and body position for each target during the aPA phase resulted in a distribution of vectors across reaching directions. Overall, our results would support the idea that endpoint limb force during postural tasks depends on the use of functional muscle synergies, which are used to displace the CoM or decelerate the body at the end of the reach.

scholarly journals Optimal Harvesting Effort for Nonlinear Predictive Control Model for a Single Species Fishery

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Messaoud Bounkhel ◽  
Lotfi Tadj
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Single Species ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Optimal Harvesting ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Nonlinear Predictive Control ◽  
Nonlinear State ◽  
Resource System

We use nonlinear model predictive control to find the optimal harvesting effort of a renewable resource system with a nonlinear state equation that maximizes a nonlinear profit function. A solution approach is proposed and discussed and satisfactory numerical illustrations are provided.

A STABILISING NONLINEAR PREDICTIVE CONTROL STRATEGY

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smaranda Cristea ◽  
César de Prada
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Nonlinear Predictive Control

A Nonlinear Predictive Control for Optimal Grade Transition of Polymerization Reactors

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 701-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wang ◽  
M. Ohshima ◽  
H. Seki ◽  
S. Ooyama ◽  
K. Akamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Grade Transition ◽  
Nonlinear Predictive Control
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