scholarly journals Vaccination and monitoring strategies for epidemic prevention and detection in the Channel Island fox (Urocyon littoralis)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e0232705
Author(s):  
Jessica N. Sanchez ◽  
Brian R. Hudgens
Keyword(s):  
Channel Island ◽  
Island Fox ◽  
Monitoring Strategies ◽  
Urocyon Littoralis

scholarly journals Effect of Geography and Captivity on Scat Bacterial Communities in the Imperiled Channel Island Fox

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole E Adams ◽  
Madeleine A Becker ◽  
Suzanne Edmands
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Channel Island ◽  
Island Fox ◽  
Urocyon Littoralis

Abstract Background With developing understanding that host-associated microbiota play significant roles in individual health and fitness, taking an interdisciplinary approach combining microbiome research with conservation science is increasingly favored. Here we establish the scat microbiome of the imperiled Channel Island fox (Urocyon littoralis) and look at the effects of geography and captivity on the variation in bacterial communities. Results Using high throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we discovered distinct bacterial communities in each island fox subspecies. Weight, timing of the sample collection, and sex contributed to the geographic patterns. We uncovered significant taxonomic differences and an overall decrease in bacterial diversity in captive versus wild foxes. Conclusions Understanding the drivers of microbial variation in this system provides a valuable lens through which to evaluate the health and conservation of these genetically depauperate foxes. The island-specific bacterial community baselines established in this study can make monitoring island fox health easier and understanding the implications of inter-island translocation clearer. The decrease in bacterial diversity within captive foxes could lead to losses in the functional services normally provided by commensal microbes and suggests that zoos and captive breeding programs would benefit from maintaining microbial diversity.

scholarly journals Effect of Geography and Captivity on Scat Bacterial Communities in the Imperiled Channel Island Fox

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole E. Adams ◽  
Madeleine A. Becker ◽  
Suzanne Edmands
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Channel Island ◽  
Island Fox ◽  
Urocyon Littoralis

With developing understanding that host-associated microbiota play significant roles in individual health and fitness, taking an interdisciplinary approach combining microbiome research with conservation science is increasingly favored. Here we establish the scat microbiome of the imperiled Channel Island fox (Urocyon littoralis) and examine the effects of geography and captivity on the variation in bacterial communities. Using high throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we discovered distinct bacterial communities in each island fox subspecies. Weight, timing of the sample collection, and sex contributed to the geographic patterns. We uncovered significant taxonomic differences and an overall decrease in bacterial diversity in captive versus wild foxes. Understanding the drivers of microbial variation in this system provides a valuable lens through which to evaluate the health and conservation of these genetically depauperate foxes. The island-specific bacterial community baselines established in this study can make monitoring island fox health easier and understanding the implications of inter-island translocation clearer. The decrease in bacterial diversity within captive foxes could lead to losses in the functional services normally provided by commensal microbes and suggests that zoos and captive breeding programs would benefit from maintaining microbial diversity.

scholarly journals Ear Mite Removal in the Santa Catalina Island Fox (Urocyon littoralis catalinae): Controlling Risk Factors for Cancer Development

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e0144271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Moriarty ◽  
T. Winston Vickers ◽  
Deana L. Clifford ◽  
David K. Garcelon ◽  
Patricia M. Gaffney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Island Fox ◽  
Urocyon Littoralis ◽  
Santa Catalina Island

A Morphologic and Genetic Study of the Island Fox, Urocyon littoralis

Evolution ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Wayne ◽  
Sarah B. George ◽  
Dennis Gilbert ◽  
Paul W. Collins ◽  
Steven D. Kovach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Study ◽  
Island Fox ◽  
Urocyon Littoralis

XENOTRANSFUSION IN AN ISLAND FOX (UROCYON LITTORALIS CLEMENTAE) USING BLOOD FROM A DOMESTIC DOG (CANIS LUPUS FAMILIARIS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly E. Martony ◽  
Kristian J. Krause ◽  
Scott H. Weldy ◽  
Stephen A. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Island Fox ◽  
Urocyon Littoralis

scholarly journals An island-wide predator manipulation reveals immediate and long-lasting matching of risk by prey

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1784) ◽  
pp. 20140391 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Orrock ◽  
Robert J. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Island Fox ◽  
Urocyon Littoralis ◽  
Natural Settings ◽  
Rare Opportunity ◽  
Predator Behaviour

Anti-predator behaviour affects prey population dynamics, mediates cascading effects in food webs and influences the likelihood of rapid extinctions. Predator manipulations in natural settings provide a rare opportunity to understand how prey anti-predator behaviour is affected by large-scale changes in predators. Here, we couple a long-term, island-wide manipulation of an important rodent predator, the island fox ( Urocyon littoralis ), with nearly 6 years of measurements on foraging by deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus ) to provide unequivocal evidence that prey closely match their foraging behaviour to the number of fox predators present on the island. Peromyscus maniculatus foraging among exposed and sheltered microhabitats (a measure of aversion to predation risk) closely tracked fox density, but the nature of this effect depended upon nightly environmental conditions known to affect rodent susceptibility to predators. These effects could not be explained by changes in density of deer mice over time. Our work reveals that prey in natural settings are cognizant of the dynamic nature of their predators over timescales that span many years, and that predator removals spanning many generations of prey do not result in a loss of anti-predator behaviour.

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