scholarly journals Reduction of oxidative stress on DNA and RNA in obese patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery—An observational cohort study of changes in urinary markers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243918
Author(s):  
Elin Rebecka Carlsson ◽  
Mogens Fenger ◽  
Trine Henriksen ◽  
Laura Kofoed Kjaer ◽  
Dorte Worm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Urinary Markers ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Increased oxidative stress in obesity and diabetes is associated with morbidity and mortality risks. Levels of oxidative damage to DNA and RNA can be estimated through measurement of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2´-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo) in urine. Both markers have been associated with type 2 diabetes, where especially 8-oxoGuo is prognostic for mortality risk. We hypothesized that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery that has considerable effects on bodyweight, hyperglycemia and mortality, might be working through mechanisms that reduce oxidative stress, thereby reducing levels of the urinary markers. We used liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to analyze the content of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGuo in urinary samples from 356 obese patients treated with the RYGB-procedure. Mean age (SD) was 44.2 (9.6) years, BMI was 42.1 (5.6) kg/m2. Ninety-six (27%) of the patients had type 2 diabetes. Excretion levels of each marker before and after surgery were compared as estimates of the total 24-hour excretion, using a model based on glomerular filtration rate (calculated from cystatin C, age, height and weight), plasma- and urinary creatinine. The excretion of 8-oxodG increased in the first months after RYGB. For 8-oxoGuo, a gradual decrease was seen. Two years after RYGB and a mean weight loss of 35 kg, decreased hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, excretion levels of both markers were reduced by approximately 12% (P < 0.001). For both markers, mean excretion levels were about 30% lower in the female subgroup (P < 0.0001). Also, in this subgroup, excretion of 8-oxodG was significantly lower in patients with than without diabetes. We conclude, that oxidative damage to nucleic acids, reflected in the excretion of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGuo, had decreased significantly two years after RYGB—indicating that reduced oxidative stress could be contributing to the many long-term benefits of RYGB-surgery in obesity and type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Pancreatic hyperplasia after gastric bypass surgery in a GK rat model of non-obese type 2 diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinrong Zhou ◽  
Bangguo Qian ◽  
Ning Ji ◽  
Conghui Lui ◽  
Zhiyuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Β Cell

Gastric bypass surgery produces clear antidiabetic effects in a substantial proportion of morbidly obese patients. In view of the recent trend away from ‘bariatric’ surgery and toward ‘metabolic’ surgery, it is important to elucidate the enhancing effect of bypass surgery on pancreatic β-cell mass, which is related to diabetes remission in non-obese patients. We investigated the effects of gastric bypass surgery on glycemic control and other pancreatic changes in a spontaneous non-obese type 2 diabetes Goto-Kakizaki rat model. Significant improvements in postprandial hyperglycemia and plasma c-peptide level were observed when glucose was administered orally post-surgery. Other important events observed after surgery were enhanced first phase insulin secretion in a in site pancreatic perfusion experiment, pancreatic hyperplasia, improved islet structure (revealed by immunohistochemical analysis), striking increase in β-cell mass, slight increase in ratio of β-cell area to total pancreas area, and increased number of small islets closely related to exocrine ducts. No notable changes were observed in ratio of β-cell to non-β endocrine cell area, β-cell apoptosis, or β-cell proliferation. These findings demonstrate that gastric bypass surgery in this rat model increases endocrine cells and pancreatic hyperplasia, and reflect the important role of the gastrointestinal system in regulation of metabolism.

Pros and cons of Roux en-Y gastric bypass surgery in obese patients with type 2 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-257
Author(s):  
Tummas Justinussen ◽  
Sten Madsbad ◽  
Jens Juul Holst ◽  
Kirstine Nyvold Bojsen-Møller
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Pros And Cons

scholarly journals Quality of life after gastric bypass surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes: patients’ experiences during 2 years of follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Katsogiannos ◽  
Eva Randell ◽  
Magnus Sundbom ◽  
Andreas Rosenblad ◽  
Jan W. Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Obese Patients

Abstract Background To examine the effects of gastric bypass surgery on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in obese patients with type 2 diabetes, and to investigate their experiences of life adjustments using quantitative and qualitative methods. Methods Thirteen patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity, (body mass index, BMI > 30 kg/m2), participating in a randomized clinical trial, completed this sub-study. HRQoL was evaluated before, and at 6 months and 2 years after gastric bypass surgery, using the RAND- 36-item health survey. At 2 years, interviews for in-depth analysis of HRQoL changes were performed. Results Significant improvement was observed from baseline to 6 months for 2 of the eight health concepts, general health, and emotional well-being. At 2 years, improvements were also seen in physical functioning, energy/fatigue, as well as sustained improvements in general health and emotional well-being. Multiple regression analyses showed mostly non-significant associations between the magnitude of decrease in weight, BMI, and HbA1c during follow-up and improvement in HRQoL. The analyses from qualitative interviews supported a common latent theme “Finding a balance between the experience of the new body weight and self-confidence”. Conclusions The improved HRQoL after gastric bypass surgery in obese patients with type 2 diabetes was not explained specifically by the magnitude of weight loss, but rather by the participants achieving a state of union between body and consciousness. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02729246. Date of registration 6 April 2016 – Retrospectively registered https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02729246?term=bariglykos&draw=2&rank=1

Metabolic Syndrome After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Chinese Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2190-2197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyong Yu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yuqian Bao ◽  
Pin Zhang ◽  
Yinfang Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Obese Patients

scholarly journals Incretin Levels and Effect Are Markedly Enhanced 1 Month After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1709-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Laferrere ◽  
S. Heshka ◽  
K. Wang ◽  
Y. Khan ◽  
J. McGinty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Obese Patients
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