scholarly journals Screening for the 137Cs body burden owing to the Chernobyl accident in Zhytomyr region, Ukraine: 2009–2018

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245491
Author(s):  
Yesbol Sartayev ◽  
Jumpei Takahashi ◽  
Alexander Gutevich ◽  
Naomi Hayashida
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Low Grade

The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident released vast amounts of various fission products, of which 131I and 137Cs are considered the most important because they are a major source of radiation exposure to the general public. 137Cs, unlike 131I, has a 30-year half-life that continues to expose people internally and externally for several decades after being deposited into the ground. 137Cs can be easily transmitted to the body through the intake of products and wild forest foodstuffs produced in contaminated areas. In the early phase, external exposure to 137Cs was predominant; however, it gradually diminished, mostly owing to horizontal and vertical distribution, and internal exposure started gaining dominance. Prior studies have shown that people in the affected areas have been constantly subjected to the inevitable low-grade internal exposure, which in turn has led to high anxiety and concern regarding the potential health effects. The present 10-year study assessed the latest status of the body burden among residents of the contaminated parts of the Zhytomyr region of Ukraine by measuring the internal concentration of 137Cs using the whole-body counter installed at the Medical Center of Korosten city. Almost 110 000 examinees from eight different districts were screened between 2009 and 2018. The study area was situated to the west of Chernobyl, which experienced a significant fallout of 137Cs and 131I from the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. We analyzed the data for internal exposure to 137Cs by obtaining the actual magnitude, pace, and pattern of change for each year. During the study, the average 137Cs concentration in residents fell from 21.6 Bq/kg at the beginning of the study to 3.0 Bq/kg at the end of the study. The proportion of examinees with detectable levels had also fallen rapidly, from 45% to 11%. We found a weaker seasonal effect and a significantly higher Bq/kg concentration in adolescents than in other age groups.

Assessment of Internal Exposure Doses in Fukushima by a Whole Body Counter Within One Month after the Nuclear Power Plant Accident

2013 ◽  
Vol 179 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Matsuda ◽  
Atsushi Kumagai ◽  
Akira Ohtsuru ◽  
Naoko Morita ◽  
Miwa Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant Accident ◽  
Body Counter ◽  
Whole Body Counter

scholarly journals Measurement and communication: what worked and what did not in Fukushima

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
R. Hayano
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
External Exposure ◽  
External Dose ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Fukushima Daiichi ◽  
Body Count

The accident at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant contaminated the soil of densely populated regions in Fukushima Prefecture with radiocaesium, which poses risks of internal and external exposure to the residents. However, extensive whole-body-count surveys have shown that internal exposure levels of residents are negligible. In addition, data from personal dosimeters have shown that external exposure levels have decreased, so the estimated annual external dose of the majority of people is <1 mSv in most areas of Fukushima. Despite these reassuring data, many problems remain in Fukushima, many of which are psychosocial rather than radiological. This article will discuss the roles of measurement and communication in the postaccident phase based on 5 years of experience.

Measurement of the whole-body 137Cs in residents around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant

2005 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Morita ◽  
Noboru Takamura ◽  
Kiyoto Ashizawa ◽  
Tatsuya Shimasaki ◽  
Shunichi Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Whole Body

scholarly journals Zeolite and bentonite as caesium binders in reindeer feed

Rangifer ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Åhman ◽  
Sevald Forberg ◽  
Gustaf Åhman
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

The effects of zeolite and bentonite on the accumulation and excretion of radiocaesium (Cs-137) in reindeer were studied in two feeding experiments. Six animals in each experiment were given lichens contaminated with radiocaesium from fallout after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. In addition, they were fed pellets containing bentonite (Experiment I) or zeolite (Experiment II). Two animals, controls, in each experiment received no caesium-binder. The activity concentration of radiocaesium in blood was used to evalute the radiocaesium level in the body. Faeces and urine were collected to measue the excration of radiocaesium. The animals in Experiment I were depleted of radiocaesium before the start of the experiment. After three weeks, with an intake of 17 - 18 kBq Cs-137/day, the controls had reached activity concentrations of radiocaesium in blood corresponding to 4 - 4.5 kBq Cs-137/kg in muscle. Reindeer fed 23 or 46 g of bentonite per day stabilized at values below 0.8 kfiq/kg in muscle. In Experiment II, the reindeer started with radiocaesium activity concentrations in blood corresponding to 2 - 4.5 kBq Cs-137/kg in muscle. After four weeks of feeding, with an intake at about 8.5 kBq Cs-137/day, controls had increased their radiocaesium values by an average of 40%. Reindeer receiving 25 or 50 g zeolite per day decreased with 18 and 45%, respectively. Net absorption of radiocaesium from the gastro-intestinal tract was calculated at 50 -70% in animals receiving no caesium-binder. Reindeer fed bentonite had an absorption below 10% while those fed zeolite absorbed around 35%.

scholarly journals Large Carnivores of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Exclusion Zone

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. e-21-e-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shkvyria ◽  
D. Vishnevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Large Predators

Large Carnivores of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Exclusion Zone During nine years observations on large carnivores of Exclusion Zone have been carried out. Species composition and the number of large predators in the Exclusion Zone correspond to the regional conditions. The presence of bears and permanent stay of the lynx in the Exclusion Zone was confirmed. Six wolf packs were counted. The use of an anthropogenically transformed areas, the shift of the daily regime of activity and characteristics of the diet are the most specific features of this animal group.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH DECOMMISSIONING THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COOLING POND

2010 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ya. Oskolkov ◽  
M. D. Bondarkov ◽  
S. P. Gaschak ◽  
A. M. Maksymenko ◽  
V. M. Maksymenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Cooling Pond ◽  
Power Plant Cooling
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