scholarly journals Changes in tongue–palatal contact during swallowing in patients with skeletal mandibular prognathism after orthognathic surgery

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251759
Author(s):  
Haruka Kagawa ◽  
Masato Kaku ◽  
Taeko Yamamoto ◽  
Yuka Yashima ◽  
Hiromi Sumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Contact Pattern ◽  
Tongue Movement ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Pharyngeal Phase ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
Complete Contact

This study aimed to evaluate improvement of tongue-palatal contact patterns during swallowing after orthognathic surgery in mandibular prognathism patients. Thirty patients with mandibular prognathism treated by orthognathic surgery (average age of 27 years, 3 months) and 10 controls (average age 29 years, 6 months) participated in this study. Tongue-palatal contact patterns of patients before and three months after surgery were evaluated by electropalatography (EPG) as well as controls. Whole total of tongue-palatal contact at 0.3, 0.2, and 0.1 sec before complete tongue-palatal contact during swallowing were evaluated. The duration of swallowing phases was also examined. Complete contact of tongue-tip in the alveolar part of individual artificial EPG plate were shown at 0.3, 0.2, and 0.1 sec before complete tongue-palatal contact in the controls, although incomplete contact in the alveolar part were shown at 0.3 sec in mandibular prognathism patients. Whole total of tongue-palatal contact at 0.3 and 0.2 sec before complete tongue-palatal contact was significantly lower in the patients before surgery than in the controls (p<0.05). However, these values increased after surgery. The duration of oral and pharyngeal phase was significantly longer in the patients before surgery than in the controls and the patients after surgery (p<0.01). This study demonstrated that the tongue-palatal contact pattern improved and the duration of oral and pharyngeal phase was shortened in mandibular prognathism patients during swallowing after orthognathic surgery. It is suggested that changes in maxillofacial morphology by orthognathic surgery can induce normal tongue movement during swallowing. (The data underlying this study have been uploaded to figshare and are accessible using the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14101616.v1)

Changes in occlusal function after orthognathic surgery in mandibular prognathism with and without asymmetry

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 971-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Moroi ◽  
Y. Ishihara ◽  
M. Sotobori ◽  
R. Iguchi ◽  
A. Kosaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism

scholarly journals Changes in Measurements of Segner-Hasund Analysis in Patients with Mandibular Prognathism after Orthognathic Surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bogusiak ◽  
Marek Kociński ◽  
Adam Łutkowski ◽  
Andrzej Materka ◽  
Piotr Arkuszewski
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism

scholarly journals Virulence evolution of a parasite infecting male and female hosts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Wardlaw ◽  
Aneil F. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Contact Pattern ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Virulence Evolution ◽  
Host Type ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
Exploitation Rate ◽  
Evolutionarily Stable

AbstractParasites experience different tradeoffs between transmission and virulence in male and female hosts if the sexes vary in life history or disease-related traits. We determine the evolutionarily stable levels of exploitation by pathogens under two scenarios: an unconstrained pathogen that expresses different exploitation rates within each host type as well as a pathogen constrained to express the same exploitation rate in each sex. We show that an unconstrained horizontally-transmitted parasite evolves to express the same sex-specific exploitation rate within each sex as it would in a host population composed entirely of hosts with that sex’s resistance and intrinsic death rate. In contrast, the ESS exploitation rate of a constrained pathogen is affected by sex-differences in susceptibility and non-random contact patterns between host types that differ in resistance. As the amount of within-sex transmission increases, the ESS shifts closer to the optimum trait value in the more susceptible sex. Allowing for some degree of vertical transmission, the exploitation rate expressed in females (but not males) changes with contact pattern even in unconstrained pathogens. Differences in contact pattern and susceptibility play an important role in determining the ESS exploitation rate by shifting the reproductive value of each host type.

scholarly journals Effects of functional training after orthognathic surgery on masticatory function in patients with mandibular prognathism

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425
Author(s):  
Nobuhiko Kawai ◽  
Manami Shibata ◽  
Masahiko Watanabe ◽  
Shinya Horiuchi ◽  
Kenji Fushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Functional Training ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Masticatory Function

Magnitude and Spatial Distribution of Impact Intensity Under the Foot Relates to Initial Foot Contact Pattern

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastiaan Breine ◽  
Philippe Malcolm ◽  
Veerle Segers ◽  
Joeri Gerlo ◽  
Rud Derie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Contact Pattern ◽  
Intensity Measure ◽  
Foot Kinematics ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Local Impact ◽  
The Impact

In running, foot contact patterns (rear-, mid-, or forefoot contact) influence impact intensity and initial ankle and foot kinematics. The aim of the study was to compare impact intensity and its spatial distribution under the foot between different foot contact patterns. Forty-nine subjects ran at 3.2 m·s−1 over a level runway while ground reaction forces (GRF) and shoe-surface pressures were recorded and foot contact pattern was determined. A 4-zone footmask (forefoot, midfoot, medial and lateral rearfoot) assessed the spatial distribution of the vertical GRF under the foot. We calculated peak vertical instantaneous loading rate of the GRF (VILR) per foot zone as the impact intensity measure. Midfoot contact patterns were shown to have the lowest, and atypical rearfoot contact patterns the highest impact intensities, respectively. The greatest local impact intensity was mainly situated under the rear- and midfoot for the typical rearfoot contact patterns, under the midfoot for the atypical rearfoot contact patterns, and under the mid- and forefoot for the midfoot contact patterns. These findings indicate that different foot contact patterns could benefit from cushioning in different shoe zones.

Masticatory function in patients with mandibular prognathism before and after orthognathic surgery

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 997-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadaharu Kobayashi ◽  
Katsuhiko Honma ◽  
Tamio Nakajima ◽  
Kooji Hanada
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Masticatory Function ◽  
Before And After
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