Clearing-induced tisssue shrinkage: A novel observation of a thickness size effect

The use of clearing agents has provided new insights in various fields of medical research (developmental biology, neurology) by enabling examination of tissue architecture in 3D. One of the challenges is that clearing agents induce tissue shrinkage and the shrinkage rates reported in the literature are incoherent. Here, we report that for a classical clearing agent, benzyl-alcohol benzyl-benzoate (BABB), the shrinkage decreases significantly with increasing sample size, and present an analytical formula describing this.

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Clearing-induced tisssue shrinkage: Novel observation of a thickness size effect

10.1101/2020.04.20.051771 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

R.C.M. Vulders ◽

R.C. van Hoogenhuizen ◽

E. van der Giessen ◽

P.J. van der Zaag

Keyword(s):

Developmental Biology ◽

Size Effect ◽

Medical Research ◽

Sample Size ◽

Analytical Description ◽

Tissue Architecture ◽

Tissue Shrinkage

ABSTRACTThe use of clearing agents has provided new insights in various fields of medical research (developmental biology, neurology) by enabling examination of tissue architecture in 3D. One of the challenges is that clearing agents induce tissue shrinkage and the shrinkage rates reported in the literature are incoherent. Here, we report that the shrinkage for a widely-used clearing agent decreases significantly with increasing sample size, and report an analytical description.

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Sample size effect on the dynamic torsional behaviour of the 2A12 aluminium alloy

Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters ◽

10.1016/j.taml.2017.09.008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 317-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J.H. Chen ◽

W.F. Xu ◽

R.Z. Xie ◽

F.J. Zhang ◽

W.J. Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Size Effect ◽

Sample Size ◽

Aluminium Alloy ◽

Sample Size Effect

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BIOSYNTHESIS OF BENZALDEHYDE, BENZYL ALCOHOL AND BENZYL BENZOATE FROM BENZOIC ACID IN CRANBERRY (VACCINIUM MACROCARPON)

Journal of Food Biochemistry ◽

10.1111/j.1745-4514.1978.tb00190.x ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 317-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

RODNEY CROTEAU

Keyword(s):

Benzoic Acid ◽

Benzyl Alcohol ◽

Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽

Benzyl Benzoate

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Size Effect of Silica-supported Gold Clusters in the Microwave-assisted Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol with H2O2

Chemistry Letters ◽

10.1246/cl.2010.159 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 159-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Yongmei Liu ◽

Hironori Tsunoyama ◽

Tomoki Akita ◽

Tatsuya Tsukuda

Keyword(s):

Size Effect ◽

Benzyl Alcohol ◽

Gold Clusters ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Oxidation Of Benzyl Alcohol ◽

Supported Gold

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Sample Size Effect on DEM Simulations of Binary Mixture

Springer Proceedings in Physics - Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Discrete Element Methods ◽

10.1007/978-981-10-1926-5_9 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tang-Tat Ng ◽

Wei Zhou

Keyword(s):

Binary Mixture ◽

Size Effect ◽

Sample Size ◽

Dem Simulations ◽

Sample Size Effect

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Sample size effect and microcompression of Mg65Cu25Gd10 metallic glass

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/1.2800313 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 91 (16) ◽

pp. 161913 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

C. J. Lee ◽

J. C. Huang ◽

T. G. Nieh

Keyword(s):

Metallic Glass ◽

Size Effect ◽

Sample Size ◽

Sample Size Effect

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Length Scale Effects in Materials Deformation of Nano and Microscale Au Structures

Volume 11: Mechanics of Solids, Structures and Fluids ◽

10.1115/imece2009-12077 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Jie Lian ◽

Junlan Wang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Size Effect ◽

Sample Size ◽

Atomistic Simulation ◽

Scale Effects ◽

Elastic Recovery ◽

Boundary Effect ◽

Dislocation Nucleation ◽

Atomistic Simulations

In this study, intrinsic size effect — strong size dependence of mechanical properties — in materials deformation was investigated by performing atomistic simulation of compression on Au (114) pyramids. Sample boundary effect — inaccurate measurement of mechanical properties when sample size is comparable to the indent size — in nanoindentation was also investigated by performing experiments and atomistic simulations of nanoindentation into nano- and micro-scale Au pillars and bulk Au (001) surfaces. For intrinsic size effect, dislocation nucleation and motions that contribute to size effect were analyzed for studying the materials deformation mechanisms. For sample boundary effect, in both experiments and atomistic simulation, the elastic modulus decreases with increasing indent size over sample size ratio. Significantly different dislocation motions contribute to the lower value of the elastic modulus measured in the pillar indentation. The presence of the free surface would allow the dislocations to annihilate, causing a higher elastic recovery during the unloading of pillar indentation.

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