scholarly journals The cellular phenotype of cytoplasmic incompatibility in Culex pipiens in the light of cidB diversity

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e1007364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manon Bonneau ◽  
Frédéric Landmann ◽  
Pierrick Labbé ◽  
Fabienne Justy ◽  
Mylène Weill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Cellular Phenotype

scholarly journals Rapid evolution of Wolbachia incompatibility types

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1746) ◽  
pp. 4473-4480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Duron ◽  
Jennifer Bernard ◽  
Célestine M. Atyame ◽  
Emilie Dumas ◽  
Mylène Weill
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
The Self ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Self Compatibility

In most insects, the endosymbiont Wolbachia induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), an embryonic mortality observed when infected males mate either with uninfected females or with females infected by an incompatible Wolbachia strain. Although the molecular mechanism of CI remains elusive, it is classically viewed as a modification–rescue model, in which a Wolbachia mod function disables the reproductive success of the sperm of infected males, unless eggs are infected and express a compatible resc function. The extent to which the modification–rescue model can predict highly complex CI pattern remains a challenging issue. Here, we show the rapid evolution of the mod–resc system in the Culex pipiens mosquito. We have surveyed four incompatible laboratory isofemale lines over 50 generations and observed in two of them that CI has evolved from complete to partial incompatibility (i.e. the production of a mixture of compatible and incompatible clutches). Emergence of the new CI types depends only on Wolbachia determinants and can be simply explained by the gain of new resc functions. Evolution of CI types in Cx. pipiens thus appears as a gradual process, in which one or several resc functions can coexist in the same individual host in addition to the ones involved in the self-compatibility. Our data identified CI as a very dynamic process. We suggest that ancestral and mutant Wolbachia expressing distinct resc functions can co-infect individual hosts, opening the possibility for the mod functions to evolve subsequently. This gives a first clue towards the understanding of how Wolbachia reached highly complex CI pattern in host populations.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic Incompatibility as a Means of Controlling Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Mosquito in the Islands of the South-Western Indian Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Célestine M. Atyame ◽  
Nicole Pasteur ◽  
Emilie Dumas ◽  
Pablo Tortosa ◽  
Michaël Luciano Tantely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
The South ◽  
Culex Pipiens Quinquefasciatus

scholarly journals SEGREGATION OF CYTOPLASMIC INCOMPATIBILITY PROPERTIES IN CULEX PIPIENS FATIGANS

Genetics ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-390
Author(s):  
Sarala K Subbarao ◽  
B S Krishnamurthy ◽  
C F Curtis ◽  
T Adak ◽  
R K Chandrahas
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Male Progeny ◽  
Culex Pipiens Fatigans ◽  
Laboratory Colony

ABSTRACT Maternally inherited variants, which arose within a laboratory colony of Culex pipiens fatigans, have been studied by rearing cultures from single egg rafts. Segregation, i.e., variation of cytoplasmic incompatibility properties between the male progeny of individual females, was demonstrated. Also, from the daughters of individual females, sub-lines were derived within which all the males showed the same incompatibility or compatibility properties. Among the descendants of tetracycline-treated individuals were lines which superficially simulated these phenomena, but these lines ultimately reverted to the cytoplasmic compatibility type of the strain which was submitted to the treatment. The types of variations in cytoplasmic incompatibility properties that have been studied are discussed.

Crossing relationships among seven members of the group of Aedes scutellaris (Walker) (Diptera: Culicidae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Meek ◽  
W. W. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Male Parent ◽  
The West ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Aedes Polynesiensis ◽  
Eastern Species

AbstractA rickettsia-free (aposymbiotic) stock of Aedes polynesiensis Marks (POLY-A) was crossed with (a) three symbiont-infected stocks of A. polynesiensis (POLY-S from Samoa and POLY-N and POLY-T from Fiji), (b) A. pseudoscutellaris (Theo.) (PSE) from Fiji, (c) A. alcasidi Huang (ALC), A. scutellaris katherinensis Woodhill (KATH), A. s. malayensis Colless (MAL) and A. s. scutellaris (Wlk.) (SCUT), which occur to the west of Fiji and (d) an aposymbiotic stock of A. cooki Belkin (CO) from Niue. It was bidirectionally compatible with CO, but in all other crosses compatibility was high when POLY-A was the male parent and very low when it was the female parent. Backcross data suggested that the crossing type was maternally inherited. ALC and KATH were bidirectionally compatible; both were virtually incompatible with POLY-S and PSE, compatible with SCUT when the latter was the female parent, and compatible with CO when the latter was the male parent. POLY-S females were moderately compatible with a third Fijian stock of A. polynesiensis (POLY-V), and POLY-N and POLY-V were compatible with PSE. If, as in Culex pipiens L., rickettsia-like symbionts are responsible for cytoplasmic incompatibility, then aposymbiotic males should cross successfully with symbiont-infected females, whereas the reciprocal cross should be unsuccessful. Since PSE, MAL and SCUT contain symbionts, their crossing relationships are consistent with the hypothesis. However, ALC and KATH appear to be aposymbiotic and their crossing relationships conflict with the hypothesis. There is little evidence of behavioural barriers to mating between species, but whereas male hybrids of two eastern species were capable of normal insemination, male hybrids between western and eastern species gave very low insemination rates. The egg-hatch rates from backcrosses of female hybrids between western and eastern species to the parents were reduced.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Variations in Relation with Wolbachia cid Genes Divergence in Culex pipiens

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Sicard ◽  
Alice Namias ◽  
Marco Perriat-Sanguinet ◽  
Eric Carron ◽  
Sandra Unal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Cytological Observation ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Embryonic Death

ABSTRACT In arthropods, Wolbachia endosymbionts induce conditional sterility, called cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), resulting from embryonic lethality. CI penetrance (i.e., embryonic death rate) varies depending on host species and Wolbachia strains involved. All Culex pipiens mosquitoes are infected by the endosymbiotic alphaproteobacteria Wolbachia wPip. CI in Culex, characterized as a binary “compatible/incompatible” phenomenon, revealed an unparalleled diversity of patterns linked to the amplification-diversification of cidA and cidB genes. Here, we accurately studied CI penetrance variations in the light of cid genes divergence by generating a C. pipiens compatibility matrix between 11 lines hosting different phylogenetic wPip groups and exhibiting distinct cid gene repertoires. We showed, as expected, that crosses involving wPip from the same group were mostly compatible. In contrast, only 22% of the crosses involving different wPip groups were compatible, while 54% were fully incompatible. For the remaining 24% of the crosses, “intermediate” compatibilities were reported, and a cytological observation of the first zygotic division confirmed the occurrence of “canonical” CI phenotypes in a fraction of the eggs. Backcross experiments demonstrated that intermediate compatibilities were not linked to host genetic background but to the Wolbachia strains involved. This previously unstudied intermediate penetrance CI was more severe and frequent in crosses involving wPip-IV strains exhibiting cid variants markedly divergent from other wPip groups. Our data demonstrate that CI is not always a binary compatible/incompatible phenomenon in C. pipiens but that intermediate compatibilities putatively resulting from partial mismatch due to Cid proteins divergence exist in this species complex. IMPORTANCE Culex pipiens mosquitoes are infected with wPip. These endosymbionts induce a conditional sterility called CI resulting from embryonic deaths, which constitutes a cornerstone for Wolbachia antivectorial methods. Recent studies revealed that (i) two genes, cidA and cidB, are central in Wolbachia-CI mechanisms, and (ii) compatibility versus incompatibility between mosquito lines depends on the wPip phylogenetic groups at play. Here, we studied CI variations in relation to wPip groups and cid genes divergence. We showed, as expected, that the crosses involving wPip from the same group were compatible. In contrast, 78% of the crosses involving different wPip groups were partially or fully incompatible. In such crosses, we reported defects during the first zygotic division, a hallmark of CI. We showed that CI was more severe and frequent in crosses involving wPip-IV strains exhibiting cid variants, which markedly diverge from those of other wPip groups.

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