Sequence Inversion by Flip-PCR

2003 ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Judith T. Schanke
Keyword(s):  
Genetics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
R J Bollag ◽  
R M Liskay

Abstract Recombination in mammalian cells is thought to involve both reciprocal and nonreciprocal modes of exchange, although rigorous proof is lacking due to the inability to recover all products of an exchange. To investigate further the relationship between these modes of exchange, we have analyzed intrachromosomal recombination between duplicated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV tk) mutant alleles arranged as inverted repeats in cultured mouse L cells. In crosses between inverted repeats, a single intrachromatid reciprocal exchange leads to inversion of the sequence between the crossover sites and recovery of both genes involved in the event. The majority of recombinant products do not display such inversion and are thus consistent with a nonreciprocal mode of recombination (gene conversion). The remaining products display the sequence inversion predicted for intrachromatid reciprocal exchange. In light of the fact that intrachromatid exchanges occur, the rarity of intrachromatid double reciprocal exchanges strengthens the interpretation that the majority of events in this and previous investigations involve gene conversion. Furthermore, in accord with prediction, one-third of the reciprocal recombinants (inversions) display associated gene conversion. This association suggests that reciprocal and nonreciprocal modes of exchange are mechanistically related in mammalian cells. Finally, the occurrence of inversion recombinants suggests that intrachromosomal recombination can be a conservative (nondestructive) process.


Author(s):  
Aikaterini Kefala ◽  
Dina Kotsifaki ◽  
Mary Providaki ◽  
Maria Amprazi ◽  
Michael Kokkinidis

Earlier studies have found that the occurrence of inverse sequence identity in proteins is not indicative of three-dimensional similarity, but rather leads to different folds or unfolded proteins. Short helices, however, frequently keep their conformations when their sequences are inverted. To explore the impact of sequence inversion on long helices, revRM6, with the inverse amino-acid sequence relative to RM6, a highly stable variant of the ColE1 Rop protein, was engineered. RM6 is a highly regular four-α-helical bundle that serves as a model system for protein-folding studies. Here, the crystallization and preliminary crystallographic characterization of revRM6 are reported. The protein was overexpressed inEscherichia coli, purified to homogeneity and crystallized. The crystals belonged to space groupP41212, with unit-cell parametersa=b= 44.98,c= 159.74 Å, and diffracted to a resolution of 3.45 Å.


Author(s):  
Alison Armstrong

In this music technology-meets-classical composition activity, students will learn how to combine tried and tested compositional techniques (sequence, inversion, augmentation, diminution, and imitation) with many possibilities in Ableton Live’s session view. This composition task was designed for students ages 12 to 16 who are new to composing. The aims of the activity include: 1) inputting melodic and rhythmic information into a DAW and exploring composition devices; 2) reviewing melodic and rhythmic compositional devices, exploring simple accompaniment patterns, and combining a theme with an accompaniment pattern; 3) exploring sounds, octave ranges, and tempi in Ableton Live; 4) exploring combinations of themes with other students through sharing MIDI loops, making an arrangement, and justifying choices; and 5) presenting an arrangement to a fictional client.


2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 1205-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Brückner ◽  
Svenja-Catharina Bunz ◽  
Christian Neusüß ◽  
Gerhard K. E. Scriba

Peptides 1990 ◽  
1991 ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Nikolai F. Sepetov ◽  
Michal Lebl ◽  
Mikhail Krymsky
Keyword(s):  

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