scholarly journals Una perspectiva histórica de la educación bilingüe en Estados Unidos

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Mª Isabel García Garrido ◽  
Miguel Fernández Álvarez

El presente artículo presenta una revisión de la evolución de la educación bilingüe en los Estados Unidos. Así pues, presentamos una sinopsis de los principales movimientos que han estado en contra y a favor del bilingüismo.  El respeto por la diversidad cultural y lingüística empezó a verse comprometido a partir de 1750 cuando Benjamín Franklin llevó a cabo el primer intento de imponer el inglés como el lenguaje oficial de los Estados Unidos. La oposición más fuerte al bilingüismo vio la luz en 1983 a través de un movimiento conocido como U.S. English. En 1986 aparecería otro movimiento con las mismas intenciones que U.S. English, el llamado English First. No obstante, el bilingüismo también ha tenido sus defensores, tales como el movimiento llamado English Plus. A su vez, el futuro del bilingüismo también se ha visto protegido de forma legal a través de tres actas gubernamentales: (1) Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), (2) Bilingual Education Act of 1968, y (3) No Child Left Behind Act.

Author(s):  
Tony Charman ◽  
Susan Hepburn ◽  
Moira Lewis ◽  
Moira Lewis ◽  
Amanda Steiner ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Teresa Preston

Across the decades, the balance of power between the federal government, states, and local districts has shifted numerous times, and Kappan authors have weighed in on each of those shifts. Kappan Managing Editor Teresa Preston traces those shifts, beginning with the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), which gave the federal government a larger role in public education. Further expansion occurred under the Carter administration, with the launch of the new federal Department of Education. As the new department continued operations under Reagan, its priorities expanded, but actual decision-making authority reverted to states. States, in turn, began involving themselves more with instructional and curricular matters, a trend that eventually made its way back to the federal level, with the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Under NCLB, federal mandates had the effect of requiring state and local levels to take on additional responsibilities, without necessarily having the capacity to do so. This capacity issue remains a concern under the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA).


2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARNOLD FEGE

In this article, Arnold Fege identifies parental and public engagement as critical to sustaining equity in public education. He traces the history of this engagement from the integration of schools after Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 and the implementation in 1965 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act through the provisions of No Child Left Behind (NCLB). He finds that while NCLB gives parents access to data, it does not foster use of that information to mobilize the public to get involved in school improvement. Fege concludes with historical lessons applicable to the reauthorization of NCLB, emphasizing enforcement of provisions for both parental and community-based involvement in decisionmaking, resource allocation, and assurance of quality and equity.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Cathey White ◽  
George White ◽  
Mary Susan E. Fishbaugh

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act 2002-No Child Left Behind (NCLB) mandates that paraeducators who work with today’s children and youth are highly qualified.  Montana State University-Billings (MSU-Billings) has revised its Associate of Arts Program of Study in Education with the intention of supporting Montana and other rural states in complying with this mandate.  In additioin to a two-year program of study at our main campus, the MSU-Billings College of Technology provides an exam for paraeducators with preparatory/remedial support modules.


Author(s):  
Junko Yamamoto

The Federal Government passed the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in 1965 to enable the federal government to finance public schools (Paige, 2004). This law was signed by President Johnson and has been revised every 5 years since then (Wisconsin Education Association Council, n.d.). ESEA started the provision of Title I funding, the federal money given to a school district to assist students who are falling behind academically (Public Schools of North Carolina, n.d.). President George W. Bush signed the ESEA, No Child Left Behind Act of 2001(NCLB) (P.L.107-110), on January 8, 2002 (U.S. Department of Education, n.d.). This provision designated that total federal funding of $116,250 million was to be dispensed between 2002 and 2007. The Act was strongly supported by both parties: the final vote was 87 to 10 in the Senate and 381 to 41 in the House (Paige, 2004). This article will address the necessity for teacher training caused by the educational institution’s accountability imposed by No Child Left Behind, and the stronger need to assist disabled learners affirmed by the law.


2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew McEachin ◽  
Morgan S. Polikoff

This article uses data from California to analyze the results of the proposed accountability system in the Senate’s Harkin-Enzi draft Elementary and Secondary Education Act reauthorization. The authors analyze existing statewide school-level data from California, applying the accountability criteria proposed in the draft law. Comparing the proposed system to the No Child Left Behind Act’s Adequate Yearly Progress provisions, they draw conclusions about the stability of the proposed identification schemes and the types of schools likely to be identified. They conclude with several policy recommendations that could be easily incorporated into the law, based on their analysis and the existing literature.


2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol C. Costante

Public Law 107–110, the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, represents the most sweeping reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act since it was enacted in 1965. The goal of the No Child Left Behind Act is to improve the academic achievement of all American students so that they all meet their own state’s standards for competence by 2014. The law focuses on closing the achievement gap that exists among the economically disadvantaged, those with limited English proficiency, racial/ethnic minorities, and students receiving special education services. The No Child Left Behind Act has created both support and controversy in education circles. Although the No Child Left Behind Act does not legislate the practice of school nursing, as professional staff working in schools, school nurses are affected indirectly by the heightened emphasis on accountability for achievement in public education. School nurses actively promote and support achievement for all students in specific ways and help to provide a safe school environment.


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