Trends in Sociodemographic Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Staging and Survival

ABSTRACT Introduction: Among the screening tests for colorectal cancer, colonoscopy is currently considered the most sensitive and specific technique. However, computed tomography colonography (CTC), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and transrectal ultrasonography have gained significant ground in the clinical practice of pre-treatment, screening and, more recently, post-treatment and surgical evaluation. Objective: To demonstrate the high accuracy of CT and MRI for pre and postoperative colorectal cancer staging. Methods: Search and analysis of articles in Pubmed, Scielo, Capes Periodicals and American College of Radiology with headings “colorectal cancer” and “colonography”. Weew selected 30 articles that contained radiological descriptions, management or statistical data related to this type of neoplasia. The criteria for radiological diagnosis were the American College of Radiology. Results : The great majority of patients with this subgroup of neoplasia is submitted to surgical procedures with the objective of cure or relief, except those with clinical contraindication. CTC colonography is not the most commonly used technique for screening; however, it is widely used for treatment planning, assessment of the abdomen for local complications or presence of metastasis, and post-surgical evaluation. MRI colonography is an alternative diagnostic method to CT, recommended by the American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Although there are still no major studies on the use of MRI for screening, the high resolution examination has now shown good results for the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM classification. Conclusion: MRI and CT represent the best means for colorectal neoplasm staging. The use of these methods as screening tools becomes beneficial to decrease complications and discomfort related to colonoscopy.

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Multiple factors influence compliance with colorectal cancer staging recommendations: an exploratory study

BMC Health Services Research ◽

10.1186/1472-6963-8-34 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Anna R Gagliardi ◽

Frances C Wright ◽

Mahmoud A Khalifa ◽

Andrew J Smith

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Cancer Staging ◽

Multiple Factors

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Matrix metalloproteinases, their tissue inhibitors and colorectal cancer staging

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2168.2000.01531.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 87 (9) ◽

pp. 1215-1221 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

E. A. Baker ◽

F. G. Bergin ◽

D. J. Leaper

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽

Cancer Staging ◽

Tissue Inhibitors

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Colorectal Cancer

10.2310/fm.1181 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Cathy Eng

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Staging System ◽

Occult Blood ◽

Cancer Staging ◽

The United States ◽

Tnm Staging ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Fecal Occult Blood ◽

Screening And Surveillance ◽

Staging Systems

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Although environmental factors, including diet and lifestyle, clearly play a role in the etiology of colorectal cancer, as many as 25% of patients with colorectal cancer have a family history of the disease, which suggests the involvement of a genetic factor. Inherited colon cancers can be divided into two main types: the well-studied but rare familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) syndrome, and the increasingly well-characterized, more common hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC, a.k.a. Lynch Syndrome). The prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancers of the colon and rectum are covered in this chapter. Figures illustrate various forms of adenomatous polyps, the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system for colorectal cancer, and the five-year survival rate in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Tables describe risk factors; possible chemopreventive agents; evidence supporting the effectiveness of screening tests; features and usage issues with different fecal occult blood tests; recommendations for early detection, screening, and surveillance for patients at different levels of risk; colorectal cancer staging systems; indicators of poor prognosis; and chemotherapeutic and biologic agents in the treatment of colorectal cancer. This chapter contains 197 references.

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