scholarly journals Critical Neurohermeneutics

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (Extra 295) ◽  
pp. 481-490
Author(s):  
Javier Gracia Calandín

The article supports the proposal for a critical neurohermeneutics. For this purpose it begins by considering the recently coined term «neurohermeneutics» and the various meanings it contains. The article then explores neurohermeneutics as the hermeneutics of neuroscience, and identifies some of the main limitations of naturalistic neuroethics that arise from the deficit of critical hermeneutics in its approaches. Finally, critical hermeneutics is defended as the necessary foundation of neuroethics.

2013 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Pritchard

AbstractThis article examines a range of writings on the status of musical interpretation in Austria and Germany during the early decades of the twentieth century, and argues their relevance to current debates. While the division outlined by recent research between popular-critical hermeneutics and analytical ‘energetics’ at this time remains important, hitherto neglected contemporary reflections by Paul Bekker and Kurt Westphal demonstrate that the success of energetics was not due to any straightforward intellectual victory. Rather, the images of force and motion promoted by 1920s analysis were carried by historical currents in the philosophy, educational theory and arts of the time, revealing a culturally situated source for twenty-first-century analysis's preoccupations with motion and embodiment. The cultural relativization of such images may serve as a retrospective counteraction to the analytical rationalizing processes that culminated specifically in Heinrich Schenker's later work, and more generally in the privileging of graphic and notational imagery over poetic paraphrase.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-99
Author(s):  
Juvas Marianne Liljas

“From daddy’s obedient Henric”: Pedagogical perspectives on educational travel of the early 1800s. This article analyses educational travel in the early 1800s from the perspective of its educational heritage and praxis. The aim is to develop an understanding of the pedagogical significance of educational travel. The article makes clear how upbringing and education are represented in the framework of travel narratives in pre-industrial landscapes. The argument is based on the influence of the mercantile class on educational travel and the informal effect of these trips on changes in pedagogical thinking. The travel letters of Johan Henrik Munktell from 1828 to 1830 are used as primary sources. Using Paul Ricoeur’s memory-critical hermeneutics, travel narratives become significant sources for how education is arranged, and immanent pedagogy is a key term. The results demonstrate that the individualisation process works together with forms of crypto-learning, the core of the personal development vision, and society’s long-term memory.


2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-62
Author(s):  
Javier Berzal de Dios

Velázquez’s Democritus (ca. 1630) presents a unique encounter: not only are there few depictions in which the Greek philosopher appears with a sphere that shows an actual map, but Velázquez used a court jester as a model for Democritus, thus placing the philosopher within a courtly space. When we study the painting in relation to the literary interests of the Spanish Golden Age and its socio-political circumstances, we can see the figure of Democritus as far from just another instantiation of a conventional trope. The philosopher’s smile and his crepuscular globe entrap the viewer in a semiotic game with pedagogical and ethical goals. While the scholarship on the painting has dwelt extensively on the identification of the figure, this essay moves beyond the superficial aspects of subject identity in order to explore how the painting articulates and requests a profoundly philosophical engagement. I thus examine Democritus in relation to contemporary literary and philosophical themes, many of which were present in Velázquez’s own personal library: the period’s understanding of the philosopher, cartographic spheres, and treatises on laughter. Considered in this manner, Velázquez’s figure is not responding to the folly of humanity in general, as is commonly the case in representations of the philosopher, but is rather presented through a courtly prism in which conquest, geography, and politics are inescapably interrelated. Velázquez’s Democritus emphasizes the philosophical and moral qualities of a learned and decorous laughter, which performs a critical and ethical role framed by Spain’s political difficulties. Le Démocrite de Velázquez (c. 1630) représente une rencontre exceptionnelle entre divers éléments. En effet, rares sont les représentations montrant le philosophe grec avec un globe terrestre dessinant une carte géographique crédible; plus encore, Velázquez a pris comme modèle un bouffon de cour, plaçant ainsi le philosophe dans le contexte courtisan. Lorsqu’on examine le tableau en relation avec l’actualité littéraire de l’âge d’or espagnol et dans son contexte sociopolitique, la représentation de Démocrite s’avère ici bien plus qu’un trope conventionnel. De fait, le sourire du philosophe et son globe prennent le spectateur au piège d’un jeu sémiotique dont les objectifs sont pédagogiques et éthiques. Tandis que les chercheurs se sont surtout penchés sur l’identification du personnage, cet article cherche à aller au-delà de la reconnaissance de l’identité du sujet, et se donne pour but d’explorer la manière dont le tableau définit et requiert un engagement profondément philosophique. J’examine donc Démocrite dans ses rapports aux thèmes littéraires et philosophiques de son époque, que l’on retrouve en grande partie dans la bibliothèque de Velázquez lui-même : en particulier, la perception que l’on avait alors de ce philosophe, l’histoire des globes terrestres, et les traités sur le rire. Dans cette perspective, ce tableau de Velásquez ne fait pas référence à la folie inhérente de l’humanité, ce qui est généralement le cas dans les représentations du philosophe, mais cooemnte plutôt le monde courtisan dans lequel conquête, géographie et politique sont irrémédiablement liés. Le Démocrite met ainsi en lumière les qualités philosophiques et morales d’un rire savant et bienséant, qui tient un rôle critique et éthique dans le contexte des difficultés politiques de l’Espagne.


2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Johan Fornas

Throughout history, attempts have been made to identify Europe as a geographical, political, social, and cultural entity. Recent efforts to establish key symbols and narratives of Europe have focused on a set of central signifying elements, even if there is a wide and contradictory range of ways to define, structure, and interpret them. An introductory remark on the current debate on the need for renewed European self-reflection paves the way for some conceptual clarifications of my approach to concepts like culture, meaning, identity and mediation. A methodological reflection accompanies this on how to use semiotic tools in cultural studies based on critical hermeneutics. The concept of culture used here is based on the signifying practice of mediating meaning-making, linking imagination to communication in a triangular dynamic between texts, subjects, and contexts. Examples are given from two research projects on a broad and diverse range of European symbols and narratives, illustrating such interpretive research results. European identifications are crystallized and spun around three dominant tropes: supreme universality, resurrection from division, and communicative mobility. Their intricate tensions and interrelations attest to how deeply Europe remains a highly contested and dynamic meaning cluster.


Author(s):  
Gëzim Visoka

This chapter provides a new account of identity and practices of agents in the context of post-conflict peacebuilding. It investigates how place, habitus, and fields of interaction alongside the performative roles shape the identity of agents and their socialization in practice. To explore the relation between the agents’ presence and their impact on peacebuilding, this paper bypasses the exclusionary dichotomies between local/international and liberal/indigenous agents, and develops a typology of six types of agents horizontally arranged around their insideness and outsideness towards a particular conflict-affected place. Using human geography and critical hermeneutics, this paper categorises ‘agents of peace’ in six different types: existential insiders, subjective insiders, empathetic insiders, behavioural insiders, objective outsiders, and existential outsiders. The core argument of this article is that the differentiation of agents around the geographical and performance towards a particular place facilitates the exploration of pluralist forms of agency and a more nuanced understanding of dynamics in post-conflict societies. An expanded and plural view of agents captures better the fields of interaction and hybridization, agential knowledge and narratives, modes of governance, and various everyday practices that enable or inhibit sustainable peace.


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