Franciscan Books and their Readers

The book explores the manuscripts written, read, and studied by Franciscan friars from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries in Northern Italy, and specifically Padua, assessing four key aspects: ideal, space, form and readership. The ideal is studied through the regulations that determined what manuscripts should aim for. Space refers to the development and role of Franciscan libraries. The form is revealed by the assessment of the physical configuration of a set of representative manuscripts read, written, and manufactured by the friars. Finally, the study of the readership shows how Franciscans were skilled readers who employed certain forms of the manuscript as a portable, personal library, and as a tool for learning and pastoral care. By comparing the book collections of Padua’s reformed and unreformed medieval Franciscan libraries for the first time, this study reveals new features of the ground-breaking cultural agency of medieval friars.

«ТУРКЕСТАНСКИЕ МУСУЛЬМАНСКИЕ ОБЩИНЫ... БЫЛИ ЛИШЕНЫ ЭТОГО СЧАСТЬЯ». ИСТОРИЯ БЫТОВАНИЯ ПЕРЕВОДА И ТОЛКОВАНИЯ КОРАНА ТАРАЗИ В СОВЕТСКОМ УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ

Among the theologians who influenced the processes of re-Islamisation in late Soviet and early post-Soviet Central Asia, the name of Sayyid Mahmud Tarazi (ca. 1895– 1991) deserves special attention. Better known by his honorary nickname Altin-khan-tura, he was an authoritative Turkestani emigrant and prominent scholar. The present article offers preliminary research on the dissemination in Soviet Uzbekistan of his most famous work: the first complete interlinear translation of the Qur’an with commentary in Central Asian Turki. In less than half a century, this work has undergone more than ten publications in various regions of the Muslim world. As archaeographic and field research indicates, Tarazi’s translation has been featuring in personal library collections of some local religious figures, including prominent “official” and “unofficial” theologians from the region, and could have impacted their own work. Since the personality of Tarazi has not yet wholly entered the academic discourse on “Soviet Islam”, the article also provides a brief biography of the scholar in the context of his direct and “secret” links to local 'ulamā. The focus of this article on the history of the dissemination of Tarazi’s Qur’an translation allows illuminating some of the re-Islamisation processes that took place in Central Asia during the period under review.

Finds in the Library of the St. Petersburg Conservatory (To the 185th Anniversary of Mily A. Balakirev)

В статье рассмотрены выявленные в Научной музыкальной библиотеке Санкт-Петербургской государственной консерватории имени Н. А. РимскогоКорсакова партитуры симфонических произведений Милия Алексеевича Балакирева, входившие в состав его личного собрания. Таковы поэма «В Чехии», Увертюра на тему испанского марша, где особый интерес представляют пометы автора, проанализированные в статье. Их изучение вносит вклад в подготовку полного собрания сочинений Балакирева. Наряду с этими раритетами были подвергнуты описанию прижизненные издания балакиревской Симфонии C-dur, поэмы «Тамара» с маргиналиями выдающихся музыкантов — современников композитора: Э. Ф. Направника, А. К. Глазунова. Эти четыре партитуры, две из которых входили в балакиревскую библиотеку, — бесценный материал к темам, раскрывающим проблемы интерпретации симфонической музыки мастера, истории ее жизни на концертной эстраде. The article presents the scores of Balakirev’s symphonic works identified in the library of the Saint Petersburg Rimsky-Korsakov State Conservatory, which were part of his personal library. These are the poem In the Czechia and an Overture on the theme of the Spanish march with the author’s notes being on a special interest and analyzed in the article. This study becomes a good investment in the preparation of the complete works of Balakirev. Along with these rarities, the article also describes life editions of the Balakirev’s Symphony in C-dur, the poem Tamara with marginalia of outstanding musicians — contemporaries of the composer: Eduard F. Napravnik, Alexander K. Glazunov. This is an invaluable material for topics that reveal the problems of interpretation of the master’s symphonic music, the history of its life on the concert stage.

Understanding the World

This chapter examines the evidence in Colson’s correspondence that throws light on his “culture,” the manner in which he understood and interpreted his world. Although the emphasis is on the end of the Old Regime, the examination also helps illuminate his views during the Revolution. Among the topics dealt with are his writing facility and style, the books in his personal library, the newspapers he read, his reporting on local gossip, his attitude toward the king, his account of the War of American Independence, his relationship to the Enlightenment, his reports on the earliest hot-air balloons, his experience with sickness and medicine, his attitudes toward the popular classes, and his relations with women. In general, the chapter concludes that there is virtually no evidence of an influence of the canonical Enlightenment on Colson’s beliefs, nor is there evidence of a “desacralization of the monarchy” before 1789. Nevertheless, later Revolutionary attitudes are possibly prefigured in his clear sympathy for the lower classes and in his penchant for practical reforms in some aspects of daily life.

Stravinsky's Music Library in the Context of His Biography and Work (Based on Archival Materials From PauL Sacher Foundation)

В статье представлены результаты исследования нотной коллекции из личной библиотеки И. Ф. Стравинского, хранящейся в Фонде Пауля Захера (Базель). Собрание это представляет особый интерес как творческая лаборатория Стравинского - композитора, пианиста, дирижера. Многие экземпляры содержат дарственные надписи и пометки на полях. Издания произведений самого Стравинского с корректурами и примечаниями автора дают ценную информацию об особенностях его композиционного процесса. Нотные источники рассмотрены в статье в контексте биографии и творчества композитора, с привлечением сведений из мемуаров, корреспонденции, музыковедческой литературы. Разделы статьи отражают структуру собрания. This article presents the results of a study of the music score collection from Stravinsky's personal library, which is kept at the Paul Sacher Foundation in Basel. This collection is of particular interest as the creative laboratory of Stravinsky-a composer, pianist, conductor. Many copies have dedications, inscriptions and marginalia. The scores of Stravinsky's own works, with corrections and notes by the author, provide important information about his compositional process. Music scores from Stravinsky's library are considered in the context of his biography and work, using information from correspondence, memoirs and secondary literature. The sections of the article reflect the specifics of Stravinsky's collection.

Stempel, Schilder, Signaturen

The article discusses the potential and challenges of provenance research on annotated book copies based on the biographies of three volumes from the library of Thomas Mann. They illustrate how the copies repeatedly disturb the library’s order(s) at their respective locations, how they are charged with meaning, absorbed in other contexts, and how their traces are prone to getting lost. However, by broadening the perspective, taking minor characters, networks, literary references, and practices linked to the authorship of Thomas Mann into account, they change our knowledge of Mann’s life and work, his relationships with other authors, and the history of his personal library.

X. Roman Law from the Desert: A.S. Hunt, F. de Zulueta, E. Levy, V. Arangio-Ruiz and the Editing of Legal Papyri

The Papyrology Rooms of the Sackler Library, Oxford, preserve the correspondence of the two famous papyrologists, B.P. Grenfell and A.S. Hunt, conducted with numerous scholars from Britain and continental Europe. The main subject of this correspondence is the editing of the texts found in the Oxyrhynchus papyri. On some of the most important legal papyri, namely P.Oxy. 1814, 2089 and especially 2103 (the ‘Oxyrhynchus Gaius’), Hunt sought out the collaboration of Roman law scholars such as F. de Zulueta, W.W. Buckland and E. Levy, who all participated to a varying degree in the editorial process of these legal documents. These letters, some of them hitherto unknown, are here published for the first time. They reveal the extent of the collaboration especially between Hunt and de Zulueta, the Regius Professor of Civil Law in Oxford. In addition to this correspondence, another letter on the same theme was discovered in the University Library of Aberdeen, where de Zulueta’s personal library is now located. It was sent to de Zulueta by the Italian Roman law scholar V. Arangio-Ruiz, who was then editing the PSI 1182 (the ‘Florentine Gaius’), and shows the ongoing dialogue between the two scholars on this important legal papyrus. Taken together, these letters allow a reconstruction of the editorial process applied to some of the most significant witnesses of Roman law sources unearthed in the 20th century. This in turn provokes reflection on the desirability of submitting the standard editions of these sources to a new critical analysis.

„Familien-Denkmal“ vs. „National Eigenthum“

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s personal library was a prime source of his literary and scientific writings, but has nonetheless found little attention in research. This study explains this disregard by examining the library as both “familial inheritance” (Erbe) and “cultural heritage” (Kulturerbe), two conflicting concepts that, nonetheless, both resulted in the monumentalization of the writer’s book collection. By turning Goethe’s library into a monument, the individual, telling histories of the books he owned, has often been overshadowed. Many books are associated with multiple owners and have gone through the hands of Goethe’s family, friends, and assistants. Against this background, provenance research allows us to gain new insights into Goethe’s works, reading and writing practices, as well as his stylization as a German national poet.

Book Marks of the Personal Library of the German Bibliophile Prince George of Anhalt

For many years, the Rare Books Department (Book Museum) of the Russian State Library has been conducting up-to-date work on the description of ex-libris, which contributes to the disclosure of the Department’s collections. The main goal of this research is to identify, record, study, publish, and thereby show the variety and richness of the ownership marks found on books. This article is devoted to the book marks of the German bibliophile Prince George III of Anhalt (1507—1553) from the collection of the Russian State Library. In the Russian-language research literature, Prince George’s book marks have not been considered before. The highly valued private library, later named after the owner — “Georgs-Bibliothek”, used to be part of the Land Library in Dessau (Germany). A small part of this famous book collection came after World War II to the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR and is now stored in the Book Museum. On the example of the small fragment of Prince George’s famous library, the article traces the gradual appearance and development of the unique ex-libris of this collection, reveals the literary and bibliophile interests of the owner, and establishes the circle of his communication. In the course of the study, about a hundred owner’s marks were recorded, thanks to which there were identified more than 120 publications from the personal collection of Prince George of Anhalt. The article presents the main types of its ex-libris (handwritten, gift, and super-ex-libris), which are reproduced and described in detail.