scholarly journals Uromyces acori (Uredinales) Penyebab Nekrosis pada Daun Tanaman Jeringau (Acorus calamus) di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Dono Wahyuno ◽  
Marlina Puspita Sari ◽  
Dini Florina
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Room Condition ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Sweet Flag ◽  
Asexual State

Uromyces acori  (Uredinales) A Causal Agent of Rust Disease of Sweet Flag  (Acorus calamus) in Indonesia In Indonesia, an asexual state of a rust fungus namely Uredo acori has been considered as the causal agent rust disease of the sweet flag. No report according sexual state is available in Indonesia. The objectives of the present study are confirming the fungal identity morphologically and determine its optimal germinating temperature. An artificial inoculation was conducted by dusting the urediniospore onto detached leaves of sweet flag.  Only leaves showed uredinia were selected.  The tip bases of the leaves were dipped into a 4% sucrose solution, incubated in a room condition at 25 °C for inducing telial state with teliospore formations.   Based on morphological characters of the teliospore and urediniospore, the rust fungus of sweet flag was identified as Uromyces acori.  The fungus is germinating optimally at 25 °C.

scholarly journals First Report of Musk Thistle Rust (Puccinia carduorum) in California and Nevada

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 814-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Woods ◽  
M. J. Pitcairn ◽  
D. G. Luster ◽  
W. L. Bruckart
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Its1 And Its2 ◽  
Spacer Dna

Musk thistle, Carduus nutans L., is an introduced weed of pastures, rangelands, and natural areas in much of North America. Puccinia carduorum Jacky, an autoecious rust fungus from Turkey, has been evaluated for biological control of musk thistle since 1978, including a field study near Blacksburg, VA, from 1987 to 1990. After release of the fungus in Virginia, rusted musk thistle was found in eight eastern states by 1992, in Missouri by 1994 (1), and in Oklahoma by 1997 (2). A rust disease was discovered on musk thistle near Mt. Shasta, CA, on 22 September 1998, and near Mogul, NV, on 12 August 1999. The pathogen was identified as P. carduorum on the basis of pathogenicity on musk thistle and urediniospore morphology (ovate spores, 21 μm diameter, three germ pores equatorial in location, and echinulations over the upper two-thirds to three-quarters of urediniospores). Ribosomal RNA internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences (ITS1 and ITS2) were identical to those from the isolate obtained after the field release in Virginia, verifying that the California isolate is P. carduorum. The initial California infestation was observed on a few plants late in the season, and by September 2000, nearly 100% of plants were infected. The occurrence of P. carduorum in California is apparently the result of natural, unaided spread of the fungus on musk thistle from the East Coast of the United States. References: (1) A. B. A. M. Baudoin and W. L. Bruckart. Plant Dis. 80:1193, 1996. (2) L. J. Littlefield et al. Plant Dis. 82:832, 1998.

scholarly journals Chemical profiling and antioxidant activities of essential oil from rhizomes of Acorus calamus L.

BIBECHANA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Sumnath Khanal ◽  
Devi Prasad Bhandari ◽  
Laxman Bhandari ◽  
Achyut Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Sweet Flag ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Assay

Background and Aims: Acorus calamus L. is an indigenous herb in Nepal. It belongs to family Acoraceae and grows in wet land with scented rhizomes. It is also known as Sweet flag in English and commonly as Bojho in Nepal. The present investigation reveals the chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of rhizome essential oil of A. calamus. Methods: Essential oil of rhizomes of Acorus calamus L. from Kaski district, Nepal was extracted by hydrodistillation method and volatile constituents were analyzed Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. The antioxidant potential of essential oil was analyzed by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay. Results: A GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of β-asarone (22.38%), α-asarone (14.97%), 1-(4,6-dimethoxy-2,3-dimethylphenyl ethanone (14.24%), Isoelemicin (5.68%), cis-Methylisoeugenol (4.26%), α-calacorene (4.16%), and other 20 minor components. From DPPH assay, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of essential oil was found to be 108.71 µg/mL. Conclusions: These findings have strengthened the A. calamus L. is good source of compounds like β-asarone, α-asarone and can be used as potential antioxidants. BIBECHANA 17 (2020) 89-95

A Molecular Approach to Distinguish the Bean Rust and Siratro Rust Pathogens

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS Braithwaite ◽  
JM Manners ◽  
DJ Maclean ◽  
JAG Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽  
Bean Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Dna Repeat ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Macroptilium Atropurpureum ◽  
Genomic Probes ◽  
Rust Pathogens

Rust disease on the tropical pasture legume Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro) is caused by Uromyces appendiculatus var. crassitunicatus. This pathogen was believed to be closely related to the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) rust pathogen Uromyces appendiculatus var. appendiculatus. The genetic relationship between these two fungi was investigated. Total DNA hybridisations indicated that little homology exists between the high copy genomic DNA of these two rust fungi. Random genomic probes cloned from the bean rust fungus detected extensive Polymorphisms between the two, with only one probe from 17 being monomorphic. The ribosomal DNA repeat unit was also distinguished by RFLPs. It was calculated from the RFLP data that the bean rust fungus and the siratro rust fungus share only 8-14% sequence homology. The results indicate that the two fungi, although morphologically very similar, are not closely related genetically.

scholarly journals Assessment of Plant Germination Intensity with the Use of Automated System with Computer Vision Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Szparaga ◽  
Ewa Czerwińska ◽  
Dariusz Tomkiewicz ◽  
Lesław Wilk
Keyword(s):  
Processing System ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Computer Image Analysis ◽  
Arctium Lappa ◽  
Sweet Flag ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L ◽  
Plant Germination

AbstractThe objective of the paper was to show various options of using by author an automated stand with computer image analysis for control of plant germination on the example of cauliflower Brassica oleracea L. ‘Pionier” variety. The developed system consisted of a mobile platform equipped with the acquisition and image processing system based on Raspberry PL processor. Germination of cauliflower seeds was the object of observation, which in one case were sown to soil after dressing them with plant extracts (sweet flag Acorus calamus L., great burdock roots Arctium lappa L.). In the other case, undressed seeds were sown in the place of previous application of the above-mentioned extracts. The use of a robot for monitoring plant germination enabled the automated analysis of the investigated material with higher frequency than it has been possible so far. Simultaneously, higher germination was reported when seeds were treated with macerates and extracts from great burdock roots.

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