scholarly journals DROUGHT HAZARD CHARACTERISTIC USING SOIL MOISTURE DEFICIT INDEX MODELLING

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Lulu Mari Fitria ◽  
Septiana Fathurrohmah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Extreme Condition ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Drought Hazard ◽  
Moisture Deficit

Drought happen when the rainfall decreases in the extreme condition for long period of  time (above normal). Drought hazard mapping can be analyzed by various approaches, like environmental approach, ecological approach, hydrological approach, meteorological approach, geological approach, agricultural approach, and many other. Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (in Indonesia a.k.a BMKG) measures the drought hazard by utilizing Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)The comparison of rainfall rate through SPI has positive correlation with  drought type, for example SPI 3 indicates agricultural drought; while SPI 6, SPI 9 and SPI 12 indicate  hydrological drought. The analysis of drought hazard level also can be done using soil moisture level measurement. Soil moisture is the result of water shortages in the hydroclimatological concept. Soil moisture analysis utilizes several influenced variables, such as soil water, precipitation, evapotranspiration, and percolation. Each of variables was analyzed using GIS as a method of soil moisture modeling. Drought index level analysis is using soil moisture deficit index, which indicates that drought occurs if the index score less than (-0.5). Some assumptions used in this modeling are both SMDI modeling using WHC (Water Holding Capacity) and  without using WHC. This modeling used medium term analysis during 2007-2012 to prove the occurrence of extreme drought on 2009 and 2012 for measurement of drought level in agriculture area. Based on SMDI, it is known that the dangers of SMDI drought have positive correlation to SPI 3, SPI 6, SPI 9, and SPI 12, where SPI is in accordance with the interpretation of meteorolgy, agriculture, and hydrological drought indices.

Ozone and Soil Moisture Deficit Effects on Nitrogen Metabolism of Soybean 1

Crop Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Flagler ◽  
R. P. Patterson ◽  
A. S. Heagle ◽  
W. W. Heck
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Moisture Deficit

scholarly journals Using Plant Temperature to Evaluate the Response of Stomatal Conductance to Soil Moisture Deficit

Forests ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3748-3762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Han Yu ◽  
Guo-Dong Ding ◽  
Guang-Lei Gao ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Zhao ◽  
Lei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Moisture Deficit

scholarly journals The effect of climate type on timescales of drought propagation in an ensemble of global hydrological models

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4649-4665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk I. Gevaert ◽  
Ted I. E. Veldkamp ◽  
Philip J. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Propagation Time ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Surface Models

Abstract. Drought is a natural hazard that occurs at many temporal and spatial scales and has severe environmental and socioeconomic impacts across the globe. The impacts of drought change as drought evolves from precipitation deficits to deficits in soil moisture or streamflow. Here, we quantified the time taken for drought to propagate from meteorological drought to soil moisture drought and from meteorological drought to hydrological drought. We did this by cross-correlating the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) against standardized indices (SIs) of soil moisture, runoff, and streamflow from an ensemble of global hydrological models (GHMs) forced by a consistent meteorological dataset. Drought propagation is strongly related to climate types, occurring at sub-seasonal timescales in tropical climates and at up to multi-annual timescales in continental and arid climates. Winter droughts are usually related to longer SPI accumulation periods than summer droughts, especially in continental and tropical savanna climates. The difference between the seasons is likely due to winter snow cover in the former and distinct wet and dry seasons in the latter. Model structure appears to play an important role in model variability, as drought propagation to soil moisture drought is slower in land surface models (LSMs) than in global hydrological models, but propagation to hydrological drought is faster in land surface models than in global hydrological models. The propagation time from SPI to hydrological drought in the models was evaluated against observed data at 127 in situ streamflow stations. On average, errors between observed and modeled drought propagation timescales are small and the model ensemble mean is preferred over the use of a single model. Nevertheless, there is ample opportunity for improvement as substantial differences in drought propagation are found at 10 % of the study sites. A better understanding and representation of drought propagation in models may help improve seasonal drought forecasting as well as constrain drought variability under future climate scenarios.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document