Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Coping Strategies: A Case Study of a Family of a War Stricken Soldier

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Gamal Abdulhamed Gado
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Thematic Apperception Test ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Thematic Apperception ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
And Coping

The current study aimed to knowing the level of PTSD among a family of a War Stricken Soldier (the wife and eldest daughter), and knowing the clinical indications for PTSD symptoms to the cases, also it aimed to search about the coping strategies which the wife and the eldest adopted and study the effect of these coping strategies on relieving PTSD symptoms, and it aimed to knowing the dynamic motivations for the cases responses on the TAT cards, that underlie the emergence of PTSD symptoms and the adoption of specific coping strategies. Several tools were used, Semi Structured interview, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Davidson Scale for Post-Traumatic Stress, Post-Traumatic Coping Strategies Scale. The study results indicated to the existence of mild level on PTSD to the wife, and moderate level to the daughter, Problem-solving strategies have emerged as the wife's strongest coping strategies, and avoidance strategies have emerged as the daughter's strongest coping strategies. The responses of the two cases on TAT and the analysis of their latent dynamic motivations are discussed.

Coping Strategies in PTSD

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikloš Biro ◽  
Zdenka Novović ◽  
Vesna Gavrilov
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Combat Trauma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The One

The aim of this study is to analyse the type of coping strategies used by patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). For that purpose, two groups of war veterans (40 subjects in each group) were compared. The first group was made up of patients with PTSD, and the second (control) group comprised veterans who suffered combat trauma, but did not show any PTSD symptoms. Coping strategies were assessed using the Questionnaire of Coping Responses (McCrae, 1984).The results show that out of 118 items (examples of coping strategies) 10 show statistically significant differences between the group with PTSD and the one without it. PTSD patients used more maladaptive strategies (avoidance, pseudo-planning, fantasizing, impulsive and depressive behaviour), while subjects from the control group were more likely to use the strategy of controlling impulses.

scholarly journals Evaluation of secondary post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in the spouses of chemical warfare victims 20 years after the Iran–Iraq war

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 168-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khodabakhsh Ahmadi ◽  
Mahmood Reshadatjoo ◽  
GholamReza Karami ◽  
Nariman Sepehrvand ◽  
Pegah Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Post Traumatic

Aims and methodPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been reported in 90% of chemical warfare victims in previous studies. An individual's traumatic experience(s) may affect the lives of other family members as well. This cross-sectional case–control study compared the prevalence of PTSD symptoms in the husbands, the secondary PTSD symptoms in the wives and also aimed to identify if there was an association between the PTSD symptoms of the couples in the case group. Cases were 150 husband–wife couples where husbands were civilians exposed to chemical warfare; the controls were 156 husband–wife couples where there was no such exposure. Both cases and controls were recruited from Sardasht in Iran; this Kurdish city was attacked by four 250 kg sulphur mustard warheads in June 1987.ResultsAcross three sets of cut-off points for the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD symptomotology (<120 and ⩾121; <106 and ⩾107; and <65, 65–130 and > 130) wives in the case group demonstrated higher rates of PTSD symptoms than did those in the control group; the difference was statistically significant. Furthermore, husbands in the case group had a significantly higher overall mean score (123.0 (s.d. = 17.2)) than the husbands in the control group (112.3 (s.d. = 21.7); P<0.001, t = 4.80). There was no statistically significant association between the overall PTSD score of the husbands in the case group with that of their wives (P = 0.274, correlation coefficient 0.092).Clinical implicationsHusbands who were exposed to the chemical agents reported higher PTSD symptoms and there were higher rates of PTSD symptoms among the wives of individuals who were exposed to chemical warfare. Study results suggest the need for coordinated treatments, policy efforts and interventions to improve the wellbeing of chemical warfare victims and their caregiver wives.

scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Stress and Coping Strategies of South African Nurses during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7919
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Engelbrecht ◽  
J. Christo Heunis ◽  
N. Gladys Kigozi
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
South African ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Second Wave

Prior to the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, the South African healthcare system was already under severe strain due to amongst others, a lack of human resources, poor governance and management, and an unequal distribution of resources among provinces and between the public and private healthcare sectors. At the center of these challenges are nurses, the backbone of the healthcare system, and the first point of call for most patients in the country. This research investigated post-traumatic stress and coping strategies of nurses during the second wave of COVID-19 in the country. A structured self-administered questionnaire captured the biographic characteristics, perceived risk factors for COVID-19, and views on infection control of 286 nurses Data were subjected to descriptive and binomial logistic regression analyses. More than four in every 10 nurses screened positive for higher levels of post-traumatic disorder (PTSD). Self-reported risk for contracting COVID-19 mainly centered on being a health worker and patients’ non-adherence to infection prevention guidelines. Unpreparedness to manage COVID-19 patients, poorer health, and avoidant coping were associated with PTSD. Nurses voiced a need for emotional support and empathy from managers. Emotional, psychological, and debriefing intervention sessions that focus on positive coping strategies to actively address stress are recommended.

scholarly journals Differences in psychological effects in hospital doctors with and without post-traumatic stress disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Einav ◽  
Arieh Y. Shalev ◽  
Hadas Ofek ◽  
Sara Freedman ◽  
Idit Matot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Hospital Doctors ◽  
Negative Coping

SummaryPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can reduce performance. The association between PTSD and other psychopathologies among hospital doctors was examined using self-report questionnaires during a wave of suicide bombing in Jerusalem. Thirty-three doctors with PTSD symptoms and 155 without were compared on coping, burnout and acceptance of treatment. Doctors with PTSD symptoms demonstrated significantly more anxiety, depression, negative coping strategies and burnout. Hospital doctors who develop PTSD symptoms suffer greater burnout and manifest negative coping strategies but are reluctant to receive treatment.

scholarly journals Psychological Impact of Exposure to the COVID-19 Sanitary Crisis on French Healthcare Workers: Risk Factors and Coping Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Vancappel ◽  
Eline Jansen ◽  
Nawal Ouhmad ◽  
Thomas Desmidt ◽  
Bruno Etain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

Background: COVID-19 sanitary crisis is associated with emotional difficulties such as depression, anxiety and reactional post-traumatic symptoms among healthcare workers. Indeed, healthcare workers were particularly exposed to COVID-19 sanitary crisis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to COVID-19 sanitary crisis on affective symptoms (anxiety, post-traumatic stress, burnout) among French healthcare workers and the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (positive re-evaluation and set in perspective) and coping strategies (active coping, planning, instrumental support, emotional support, emotional expression, positive reappraisal, acceptance, denial, blame, humor, religion, distraction, substance use, behavioral disengagement).Method: This cross-sectional survey-based study collected demographic data and mental health measurements from 1,010 volunteers (838 women) who consented online to participate, from March 24 to June 28, 2020, in France. Participants filled out online questionnaires and visual analogic scales that evaluate affective symptoms related to the COVID-19 sanitary crisis, namely symptoms of post-traumatic stress, burnout, emotion regulation abilities, and coping abilities.Results: The majority (57.8%) of the participants presented post-traumatic symptoms. Depending on the sub-dimensions evaluated, a proportion of participants reported moderate (25.9–31.2%) to severe (17.2–40.7%) burnout symptoms. We found a significant effect of the level of exposure to COVID-19 on affective symptoms. Being a woman, having a lower job position and having less experience were associated with higher level of affective symptoms. Moreover, coping strategies had a mediating effect on the relation between stress and burnout, supporting the coping reserve model.Conclusion: Post-traumatic and burnout symptoms were highly prevalent among French healthcare workers at the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis. Exposure to COVID-19 is a determining factor. We can thus promote both coping training and a good environment to limit the emotional consequences of exposure to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Coping strategies associated to widespread fear and post-traumatic stress criteria in a Mexican sample during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study

Salud Mental ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Sarah Margarita Chávez-Valdez ◽  
Alejandro Domínguez Rodríguez ◽  
Oscar Armando Esparza-Del Villar ◽  
Ma. Jesús Hernández Jiménez ◽  
Anabel de la Rosa-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Community Trauma

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the population generating widespread fear due to people’s perception that both their health and safety are at risk. Widespread fear, a synonym for social anxiety, is associated with affective intrusive cognitions. Likewise, it is related to symptoms of post-traumatic stress, physiological intrusive and eluding coping responses, and could be associated with long-term vulnerability to develop PTSD. Objective. To assess the association between coping strategies, widespread fear to COVID-19, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in Mexican population exposed to the SARS-CoV2 pandemic. Method. A cross sectional, empirical, descriptive study through survey research was performed; 370 participants were sampled by nationality quotas, and they completed digital self-informed instruments on an on-line psychosocial intervention. Sample size was estimated using a power analysis. Results. Findings showed reliable indicators between physiological coping and PTSD symptoms. There was a 42% variance related to PTSD delayed intrusive cognitive responses, a 40% variance was related to PTSD negative alterations in cognitions and mood, a 31% variance was explained by hyperarousal responses, and a 29% of the variance represented PTSD avoidance symptoms. Widespread fear of COVID-19 was explained by affective behavioral coping strategies linked also to PTSD symptoms. Discussion and conclusion. Research found consistency between findings and theories on emotion-centered strategies, which in turn were are related to affective coping around widespread fear to COVID-19 and avoidance intrusive symptoms, physiological coping with avoidance, considering future community post-traumatic stress traits and anxiety disorders in Mexican communities exposed to the pandemic, linking strategies with community trauma.

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